Deck 10: Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

What is the label given to a person who clearly and explicitly seeks to end his/her life?

A) Death seeker
B) Death initiator
C) Death ignorer
D) Death darer

Answer 1

Death seeker

Question 2

Which of the following is true of death initiators?

A) They clearly and explicitly seek to end their lives
B) They intend to end their lives but do not believe this means the end of their existence
C) They are skeptical about dying and take steps to increase the likelihood that they will be successful
D) They have a clear intention to die but believe they are hastening an inevitable death

Answer 2

They have a clear intention to die but believe they are hastening an inevitable death

Question 3

In which of the following countries are women most likely to commit suicide?

A) China
B) South Africa
C) United States
D) Canada

Answer 3

China

Question 4

Kenneth has been smoking crack for several years. Things seem hopeless to him and he sees no way out of his present condition. What label would Kenneth be given?

A) Death seeker
B) Death initiator
C) Death ignorer
D) Death darer

Question 5

Richard's misconception about suicide leads him to believe that his death is not final. What label would Richard be given?

A) Death seeker
B) Death initiator
C) Death ignorer
D) Death darer

Question 6

Which of the following is false concerning alcohol and guns in attempted suicide?

A) Alcohol increases the person's courage to pull the trigger
B) There is no relationship between the abuse of alcohol and guns in suicide
C) Alcohol decreases inhibition and decreases impulsive behaviour
D) Men are more likely to drink alcohol when they are distressed

Question 7

Women are most likely to attempt suicide using which of the following methods?

A) Drug overdose
B) Stabbing
C) Gunshot
D) Jumping off a building

Question 8

Which of the following statements is correct about suicide rates in Canada?

A) Immigrants to Canada have the lowest suicide rate
B) Aboriginal Canadians have the lowest suicide rate
C) Immigrants from China have the highest suicide rate
D) Refugees from Africa have the highest suicide rate

Question 9

Tracy belongs to the ethnic group that has the highest suicide rate in Canada. Which ethnic group does Tracy belong to?

A) Caucasian
B) Aboriginal Canadian
C) Immigrants from China
D) Refugees from Africa

Question 10

What label is given to people who are ambivalent about dying and take actions that greatly increase their chances of death, but these strategies do not guarantee that they will die?

A) Death seekers
B) Death initiators
C) Death ignorers
D) Death darers

Question 11

Which of the following is true?

A) European-born Canadians have the highest rate of suicide in Canada
B) Aboriginal people have the highest rate of suicide in Canada
C) African-born Canadians have the highest rate of suicide in Canada
D) Asian-born Canadians have the highest rate of suicide in Canada

Question 12

Which of the following is not a type of suicide described by Shneidman?

A) Death seekers
B) Death wanters
C) Death ignorers
D) Death darers

Question 13

Suicide is the _______________ leading cause of death in Canada among those who are between the ages of 15 and 19 years.

A) 1^st
B) 2^nd
C) 6^th
D) 8^th

Question 14

Samantha continues to smoke although the doctors have informed her that she has lung cancer. What kind of death wish does Samantha most likely have?

A) Desperate
B) Subintentional
C) Reality
D) Intentional

Question 15

Which of the following is true of death ignorers?

A) They clearly and explicitly seek to end their lives
B) They intend to end their lives but do not believe this means the end of their existence
C) They have a clear intention to die, but believe they are simply hastening an inevitable death
D) They are ambivalent about dying and take actions that greatly increase their chances of death, but do not guarantee that they will die

Question 16

Which of the following is a reason for the higher rates of suicide in men?

A) Ambivalence
B) Anxiety
C) Depression
D) Method of suicide

Question 17

Women are _______________ likely than men to attempt suicide, whereas men are _______________ likely than women to complete suicide.

A) More; more
B) More; less
C) Less; less
D) Less; more

Question 18

Tommy swallowed some pills from the medicine cabinet and then called his friend. What label would Tommy be given?

A) Death seeker
B) Death initiator
C) Death ignorer
D) Death darer

Question 19

All of the following are true concerning the way men commit suicide, except:

A) They are more likely than women to shoot themselves
B) They are more likely than women to take an overdose
C) They are more likely than women to stab themselves
D) They are more likely than women to hang themselves

Question 20

Susie desperately needs attention from her parents. She may attempt suicide merely to get that attention. What label would Susie be given?

A) Death seeker
B) Death initiator
C) Death ignorer
D) Death darer

Question 21

Approximately what percentage of postsecondary students who had contemplated suicide had sought counseling?

A) 12 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 23 percent

Question 22

Which one of the following is considered to be the single best predictor of suicide attempts and completions?

A) Having a predetermined plan
B) Previous history of suicide attempts
C) Overuse of over-the-counter medicines
D) The death of a loved one

Question 23

All of the following are warning signs of suicide, except:

A) Interpersonal problems
B) Social support
C) Negative thinking
D) Increased substance abuse

Question 24

Which of the following is a common reason why older people commit suicide?

A) They have recently retired
B) They dislike the idea that their children have moved out
C) They cannot tolerate the loss of their spouse or loved one
D) They believe their life is worthless now that they have aged

Question 25

Yuri, an older adult, has had a debilitating illness for several years. Her friend, Barbie, has had a history of psychological problems. Who is at a higher risk of attempting suicide?

A) Barbie and Yuri are equally likely to attempt suicide
B) Barbie is at a lower risk than Yuri of attempting suicide
C) Barbie is at a higher risk than Yuri of attempting suicide
D) Neither Barbie nor Yuri is at risk of attempting suicide

Question 26

All of the following are risk factors for adolescent suicide, except:

A) Depression
B) Hopelessness
C) Socioeconomic status
D) Insecure parental relationships

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Girls are more likely than boys to complete suicide whereas boys are more likely to attempt suicide
B) Girls are more likely than boys to attempt suicide whereas boys are more likely to complete suicide
C) Girls are more likely to attempt and complete suicide than boys
D) Neither girls nor boys seriously contemplate suicide

Question 28

Which of the following likely accounts for the differences in suicide rates in different countries?

A) Political and economic differences
B) Cultural and religious differences
C) Family dynamics and social pressures
D) Cognitive and behavioural differences

Question 29

Among university students, suicide is most common in which of the following groups?

A) Students who are sexually active for the first time
B) Students who fail required classes
C) Student who are performing artists
D) Students who have a history of psychopathology

Question 30

Alexander is a 20-year-old male who lives in the former Soviet Union. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A) He is less likely to commit suicide than a person from Canada
B) He is more likely to commit suicide than a person from Europe
C) He is less likely to commit suicide than a person from Latin America
D) He is equally as likely to commit suicide as a person from Canada

Question 31

Which of the following university students is most likely to consider suicide?

A) A rising first year student who just received a college scholarship but broke his leg skiing
B) A final year student who failed biology and cannot graduate
C) A student who has a history of major depression
D) A student who was told that his mother had just died

Question 32

Which of the following people is at the greatest risk for suicide?

A) 86-year-old Canadian female
B) 87-year-old Canadian male
C) 10-year-old Canadian male
D) 10-year-old Canadian female

Question 33

All of the following are warning signs of suicide in children and adolescents, except:

A) Appetite problems
B) Withdrawal
C) Giving away possessions
D) Inflated self-concept

Question 34

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Older people are more ambivalent toward suicide than younger people
B) Older people are more intent on dying when they attempt suicide than younger people
C) Old and young people are equally ambivalent toward suicide
D) Old and young people are equally as intent on dying when they attempt suicide

Question 35

According to the text, which place has the lowest rates of suicide?

A) Australia
B) Europe
C) Former Soviet Republic
D) Latin America

Question 36

Who of the following individuals would be most likely to complete a suicide in Canada?

A) Chun who is a Chinese Canadian adolescent female
B) Alias who is an Aboriginal Canadian adult male
C) Marcus who is a male immigrant from Europe
D) Arthur who is a male refugee from Africa

Question 37

Which of the following is true regarding older people and suicide attempts?

A) Older people will most likely kill their mates first before committing suicide
B) Older people will most likely hang themselves
C) Older people are less likely to attempt suicide than younger
D) Older people who attempt suicide do so with a clear intention of dying

Question 38

Yuri, an older adult, has a history of bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Her friend, Barbie, recently moved from the neighbourhood into assisted living. Who is at a higher risk of attempting suicide?

A) Yuri is at a higher risk than Barbie of attempting suicide
B) Yuri is at a lower risk than Barbie of attempting suicide
C) Yuri and Barbie are equally likely to attempt suicide
D) Neither Yuri nor Barbie is at risk of attempting suicide

Question 39

Why are older adults likely motivated to attempt suicide?

A) They desire attention
B) They desire death
C) They want to get even with someone
D) They don't want to be a burden on society

Question 40

Which of the following would be the greatest risk factor for a suicide attempt by an elderly person?

A) Forced retirement
B) Social isolation
C) History of psychological problems
D) Illness

Question 41

Which of the following is true?

A) There has been a 50 percent decrease in suicide rates among older adults over the past few decades
B) When older adults attempt suicide, they are less successful at it than younger people are
C) Most older people who attempt suicide do not really intend to die
D) Only older adults who have debilitating illnesses attempt suicide

Question 42

A study of suicide rates among African American males in the U.S. found suicide rates were highest in which of the following communities?

A) Those with no family support
B) Those where community pride was lacking
C) Those with low income and occupational inequalities
D) Those with high rates of AIDS

Question 43

Social perspectives on suicide have recognized that all of the following contribute to vulnerability to suicide, except:

A) Economic hardship
B) Social phobias
C) Serious illness
D) Loss and abuse

Question 44

Why has the suicide rate among farmers increased in recent decades?

A) Collapse of the farm economy
B) Long term illness due to exposure of toxins
C) Public neglect of farmers plight
D) The absence of government support

Question 45

The ability to understand the causes of suicide is hampered by all of the following, except:

A) Suicide is difficult to study scientifically
B) Certain information such as psychological problems may not be available
C) Medical records are difficult to obtain
D) Relationship between contemplating suicide and completion is low

Question 46

Suicide, economic hardship, and divorce are components of which perspective?

A) Biological perspective
B) Sociocultural perspective
C) Psychological perspective
D) Biopsychosocial perspective

Question 47

Yuri has a history of major depression with melancholic features. Barbie has lost her friend to a long-term illness. Who is at a higher risk of attempting suicide?

A) Yuri is at a lower risk than Barbie of attempting suicide
B) Yuri is at a higher risk than Barbie of attempting suicide
C) Yuri and Barbie are equally likely to attempt suicide
D) Neither Yuri nor Barbie is at risk of attempting suicide

Question 48

When may a person be at the greatest risk of committing suicide?

A) When the person is at the beginning of his/her distress
B) When the person is in his/her deepest despair
C) When the person seems to be getting better
D) When the person is the most fatigued

Question 49

Edwin Shneidman is to ____________ as Emile Durkheim is to ____________.

A) Egoistic suicide; euthanasia
B) Anomic suicide; death darer
C) Repression; death seeker
D) Death initiator; altruistic suicide

Question 50

Fred is passionate about the liberation of his country. He has volunteered to strap a bomb on his chest and to deliver the bomb to enemy territory. According to Durkheim's theory of suicide, what type of suicide is Fred exhibiting?

A) Insane suicide
B) Egoistic suicide
C) Altruistic suicide
D) Anomic suicide

Question 51

Which of the following best describes the problems associated with getting information about suicides?

A) Cultural differences create problems with determining causality
B) Most deaths are associated with physical aggression
C) The information is not needed because results of completed suicides are the same
D) Suicide is rare and the majority of people who contemplate suicide never actually commit suicide

Question 52

Which stressful event has been consistently linked to increased suicide vulnerability?

A) Failure
B) Divorce
C) Economic hardship
D) Separation

Question 53

Drew is a 45 year-old man who committed suicide. His suicide note was very detailed. Drew's note likely included all of the following, except:

A) Rage and animosity
B) Fond memories
C) Love
D) Explicit instructions

Question 54

The theory of loss and abuse falls under which theoretical perspective of suicide?

A) Social work perspective
B) Sociocultural perspective
C) Psychological perspective
D) Anthropological perspective

Question 55

Which of the following is not part of Durkheim's theory of suicide?

A) Egoistic suicide
B) Automatic suicide
C) Anomic suicide
D) Altruistic suicide

Question 56

Who wrote Prozac Nation?

A) Karen Horney
B) Anna Freud
C) Elizabeth Wurtzel
D) Mary Cover Jones

Question 57

Jacob has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. He has felt alienated and isolated since his institutionalization. He also feels as though no one really cares about him. He has been contemplating suicide. Durkheim's theory would classify this thinking as what type of suicide?

A) Negative suicide
B) Inhibited suicide
C) Altruistic suicide
D) Egoistic suicide

Question 58

Which of the following is usually true of suicide notes?

A) They are lengthy and repetitive
B) They are short and vague
C) They are impressionistic
D) They are often present at a completed suicide

Question 59

Which of the following is least likely to be found in a suicide note?

A) Hostility
B) Anguish
C) Requests
D) Positive memories

Question 60

A soldier who deliberately drives his jeep loaded with explosive into an enemy camp would be exhibiting what type of suicide?

A) Altruistic
B) Anomic
C) Egoistic
D) Combat fatigue

Question 61

A person who experiences major changes in their relationship to society may feel disconnected and confused. According to Durkheim's theory of suicide, what type of suicide might this person be at risk of committing?

A) Anomic suicide
B) Egotistic suicide
C) Altruistic suicide
D) Undifferentiated suicide

Question 62

Which of the following terms refers to the phenomenon where people "catch" suicidal intentions and behaviours from others who have committed suicide?

A) Suicidal ideation
B) Suicidal cluster
C) Suicidal contagion
D) Suicidal recovery

Question 63

Which of the following disorders has not been associated with suicide?

A) Substance abuse
B) Borderline personality disorder
C) ADHD
D) Anxiety disorders

Question 64

A person feels isolated and alienated from others and commits suicide. Durkheim would argue that this person's suicide was classified as which of the following?

A) Improper suicide
B) Egoistic suicide
C) Altruistic suicide
D) Anomic suicide

Question 65

Karen has been depressed since she had a miscarriage. She has been expressing a very pessimistic outlook for the future. She doesn't believe that she will be able to conceive again because she had difficulty getting pregnant. Her family is concerned because she seems overly negative. Karen is displaying which of the following:

A) Loss
B) Anger
C) Resistance
D) Hopelessness

Question 66

What percent of people who commit suicide have a diagnosable mental disorder?

A) 15 percent
B) 27 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 90 percent

Question 67

Which of the following is the most common disorder among people who commit suicide?

A) Cognitive disorders
B) Schizophrenia
C) Mood disorders
D) Eating disorders

Question 68

What does a suicide cluster refer to?

A) Suicide mania
B) Suicides or attempted suicides that are non-randomly bunched in space or time
C) Group of suicide assisters
D) Gatekeepers for persons who wish to commit suicide

Question 69

Which of the following cognitive variables has most consistently predicted suicide?

A) Retrograde amnesia
B) Hopelessness
C) Lack of executive functioning
D) Deficits in intellectual functioning

Question 70

What did Freud believe near the end of his career?

A) Suicide was an expression of id-dominated behaviours
B) Suicide needed more attention from other psychoanalysts
C) The inward rage theory could not adequately explain suicide
D) It is important to focus on the behavioural aspects of suicide

Question 71

What does "catching" a suicidal intention refer to?

A) Modeling suicidal behaviour of others who have committed suicide
B) Identifying risk factors for suicidal behaviours
C) Preventing suicide attempts by adolescents
D) Categorizing suicidal intentions by older adults

Question 72

Sandy is asked to leave graduate school because her grades have dropped below the standard. She has been feeling depressed, but has suddenly begun drinking and using illicit drugs. She has also become very promiscuous in her behaviour. Sandy is most likely exhibiting which of the following behaviours?

A) Self-pity
B) Impulsivity
C) Inattention
D) Guilt

Question 73

Following the suicide of Marilyn Monroe, how much did the U.S. suicide rate increase by?

A) 1 percent
B) 12 percent
C) 35 percent
D) 50 percent

Question 74

Which behavioural characteristic is a good predictor of suicide?

A) Overeating
B) Insomnia
C) Aggression
D) Impulsivity

Question 75

What type of therapist focuses on the negative thoughts that contribute to attempted suicide?

A) Sociological
B) Psychodynamic
C) Cognitive
D) Humanistic

Question 76

The idea that suicide is an expression of repressed rage is part of which psychological perspective?

A) Psychodynamic
B) Cognitive-behavioural
C) Humanistic
D) Existential

Question 77

Anna lost her job because of cutbacks. She has had difficulty finding a job largely because of her age. She has become deeply depressed. What type of suicide is Anna at risk of committing?

A) Egoistic suicide
B) Anomic suicide
C) Altruistic suicide
D) Undifferentiated suicide

Question 78

All of the following represent patterns of thinking in people who commit suicide, except:

A) Hopelessness
B) Rigidity
C) Dichotomous thinking
D) Flexibility

Question 79

Augustus committed suicide by hanging himself in his parents' living room. Which theory would explain the suicide by arguing that Augustus was expressing his rage and anger toward his family?

A) Humanistic
B) Cognitive-behavioural
C) Psychodynamic
D) Family systems

Question 80

Which of the following is most likely to be observed in a suicide note according to the psychodynamic perspective?

A) Rage and hostility
B) Guilt and emotional despair
C) Aggression and violence
D) Fear and anger