Deck 12: Trauma-And-Stressor-Related-Disorders

Question 1

Exploitation takes many forms,but is most likely to include child ____.

A)child labor
B)child discipline
C)child photography
D)child poverty

Answer 1

child labor

Question 2

Over ____ children in the United States were substantiated victims of child maltreatment in 2010.

A)1 million
B)900,000
C)500,000
D)1.5 million

Answer 2

1 million

Question 3

Which statement best describes the occurrence of maltreatment?

A)Children want to get away from the family of violence.
B)Children in violent households only know violence.
C)The intensity of the violence always increases with time.
D)There is a great deal of loyalty to the offenders.

Answer 3

There is a great deal of loyalty to the offenders.

Question 4

Many of the acute symptoms of sexual abuse resemble children's common reactions to ____.

A)fatigue
B)stress
C)illness
D)loss of a parent

Question 5

____ exists to some degree in all forms of maltreatment,making it difficult to define the consequences.

A)Emotional abuse
B)Physical abuse
C)Emotional neglect
D)Physical neglect

Question 6

How do cultural norms influence the prevalence of sexual abuse?

A)Children are portrayed erotically.
B)Children observe sex play.
C)Children are not valued by parents.
D)Children with anxiety are more likely to be abused.

Question 7

A babysitter who notices bruises on a child who subsequently tells the sitter that her mother hits her is obligated (by law)to ____.

A)do nothing
B)remove the child from the home
C)confront the parent
D)alert the police or child welfare agency

Question 8

Which of the following would qualify as physical neglect?

A)supervision from the next room
B)refusing to allow an adolescent to see friends
C)delay in seeking health care
D)letting a teenager come home from school alone

Question 9

Child maltreatment affects boys and girls almost equally except for sexual abuse,where girls account for ____ % of the reported victims.

A)65
B)75
C)80
D)90

Question 10

Maltreated children may have the hardest time adapting to stress when they are deprived of ____.

A)peer relationships
B)models for good problem solving
C)ability to manipulate the situation
D)school resources

Question 11

If a child with a diagnosed psychological disorder (e.g.,depression)was also being abused,the maltreatment would be noted in the ____ based on the DSM-5.

A)Axis I category
B)extra comments section of the assessment
C)progress notes but not the diagnosis
D)other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention category

Question 12

In reaction to a sexually abusive incident,it is common for younger children to ____.

A)engage in self-destructive behavior
B)engage in delinquent acts
C)regress temporarily to an earlier stage of development
D)rely on unhealthy relationships

Question 13

An event would be considered traumatic if it ____.

A)is based on stress before a big test
B)involves any type of stress
C)is based on an uncommon or extreme stressor
D)is stress related directly to an incident of physical harm only

Question 14

The link found between sexual abusers and sexual abuse is ____.

A)low socioeconomic status
B)low intelligence
C)presence of conduct disorder
D)a history of abuse for sexual abusers

Question 15

For healthy development,children need a caregiving environment that balances their need for ____ with their need for ____.

A)control; responsiveness
B)ego-mastery; discipline
C)ego-mastery; responsiveness
D)control; discipline

Question 16

Which form of child maltreatment includes failure to take a child to the doctor?

A)physical abuse
B)emotional abuse
C)sexual abuse
D)neglect

Question 17

A history of sexual abuse is reported more often by ____.

A)young males
B)young females
C)adolescent females
D)adolescent males

Question 18

The highest incidence of maltreatment in the United States is due to ____ cases.

A)sexual abuse
B)physical abuse
C)neglect
D)emotional abuse

Question 19

Younger children are the most common victims of ____.

A)physical abuse
B)emotional abuse
C)sexual abuse
D)neglect

Question 20

Canada's substantiated incidence of maltreatment is ____.

A)5.6 per 1,000 children
B)14 per 1,000 children
C)15.4 per 1,000 children
D)16.8 per 1,000 children

Question 21

Children are most affected by ____ when reporting and describing incidences of sexual abuse.

A)siblings
B)mother
C)father
D)peers

Question 22

Children who experience chronic stress tend to develop ____,a progressive wear and tear on biological systems.

A)oppositional defiance
B)allostatic load
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)regulatory disinhibition

Question 23

____ is an altered state of consciousness,in which the individual feels detached from the body or self,as if what is happening (e.g.,a traumatic/abusive experience)is not happening to him or her.

A)Self-splitting
B)Dissociation
C)Projection
D)Mental fragmentation

Question 24

Physically abused children tend to have peer relationships marked by ____.

A)withdrawal and aggression
B)avoidance and withdrawal
C)dependency and clinginess
D)friendliness and interest

Question 25

A maltreated child who has been chronically aroused for a long period of time becomes ____ to stress.

A)immune
B)unresponsive
C)addicted
D)hyperresponsive

Question 26

How many children and adolescents with histories of maltreatment involving sexual abuse or combined sexual and physical abuse meet criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A)20%
B)30%
C)50%
D)60%

Question 27

Children may be protected in part from the effects of maltreatment if they ____.

A)are immediately removed from the home
B)can prosecute the offending parent
C)are abused by only their father and not by their mother
D)have a positive relationship with at least one important and consistent person

Question 28

Girls are more likely to be sexually abused by ____.

A)female family members
B)female non-family members
C)male family members
D)male non-family members

Question 29

Maltreated children may experience fewer negative outcomes if they ____.

A)are immediately removed from the home
B)can prosecute the offending parent
C)have an external locus of control
D)have a positive self-esteem and sense of self

Question 30

Children from ____ families are at significantly greater risk for both physical abuse and neglect.

A)poor
B)small
C)two-parent
D)religious

Question 31

Children who have been abused are more likely to develop PTSD symptoms if ____.

A)the perpetrator was their mother
B)they were infants at the time of the abuse
C)they were adolescents at the time of the abuse
D)the abuse was chronic and coercive

Question 32

After prolonged and unpredictable stressful events,cortisol levels ____ and the feedback systems that control hormone levels in the brain may become ____.

A)increase; dysfunctional
B)decrease; more functional
C)increase; more functional
D)decrease; dysfunctional

Question 33

Boys are more likely to be sexually abused by ____.

A)their mothers
B)their fathers
C)siblings
D)male non-family members

Question 34

Women outnumber men as perpetrators of ____.

A)physical abuse
B)neglect
C)neglect and emotional abuse
D)neglect and physical abuse

Question 35

The attachment pattern typically shown by children who have trouble regulating emotions is ____.

A)secure
B)insecure-resistant
C)insecure-disorganized
D)insecure-avoidant

Question 36

Maltreated children have a greater tendency to ____ than non-maltreated children.

A)have a disinhibition of emotional expressions
B)exaggerate emotional expressions
C)have difficulty understanding the emotional states of others
D)inhibit emotional expressions and modulating their emotional states

Question 37

Maltreatment is more common among ____.

A)the poor and disadvantaged
B)minority religious groups
C)minority ethnic groups
D)parents with average intelligence

Question 38

In comparison to boys,girls who express symptoms of PTSD tend to show more:

A)shame and self-blame
B)anger
C)physical aggression
D)verbal aggression

Question 39

____ involves the degree to which the child feels their confidence was gained through manipulation and coercion,as well as the position of trust or authority held by the perpetrator.

A)Betrayal
B)Victimization
C)Helplessness
D)Deceit

Question 40

Children with histories of __________ have the most severe and wide-ranging problems in school and interpersonal adjustment.

A)learning disabilities
B)mental illness
C)physical disabilities
D)abuse and neglect

Question 41

Once environmental and adult factors are controlled,the only child characteristic that has been associated with the risk of sexual abuse is ____.

A)age
B)gender
C)temperament
D)conduct problems

Question 42

Which form of treatment focuses on children who have learned of harm to others?

A)psychoeducation
B)psychological first aid
C)psychodynamic storytelling
D)resilient friend treatment

Question 43

Maltreatment is least likely to be associated with ____.

A)family stress
B)reduced financial status
C)parental resilience
D)marital conflict

Question 44

Successful treatment of children who have experienced sexual abuse results in the child ____.

A)regaining their normal rate of development
B)confronting the abuser
C)no longer needing to attend therapy
D)returning to school and peer related activities

Question 45

Which characteristic of a child has been associated with the risk of maltreatment,once environmental and adult factors are controlled?

A)conduct problems
B)physical disability
C)temperament
D)female sexual abuse

Question 46

Treatment of physical abuse involves training parents in ____.

A)positive child-rearing skills
B)stronger discipline
C)adopting distorted beliefs
D)avoiding interaction

Question 47

Treatment services for families that have maltreated a child have been limited due to ____.

A)lack of available services
B)difficulty of parents admitting culpability
C)children not wanting to attend therapy
D)families being financially unable to retain services

Question 48

Compared to abusive parents,neglectful parents ____.

A)have less striking personality disorders
B)have better knowledge of children's needs
C)have more chronic patterns of social isolation
D)become more emotionally and behaviorally reactive under stress

Question 49

Pedophiles ____.

A)sexually abuse only their children
B)sexually abuse only children unknown to them
C)sexually abuse or fantasize about minor children
D)are sexually aroused by female children only

Question 50

The major sociocultural factor contributing to abuse and neglect of children is ____.

A)inequality
B)poverty
C)media violence
D)social violence

Question 51

Which treatment is least likely to be given to a child who has been sexually abused?

A)education and support
B)controlled-exposure techniques
C)cognitive-behavioral methods
D)escapism

Question 52

____ is related to sexually abused children's level of distress,as well as their recovery from the trauma.

A)Gender
B)Maternal support
C)Relation to the perpetrator
D)Paternal support

Question 53

Which of the following is not characteristic of parents who maltreat their children?

A)information-processing disturbances
B)unfamiliarity of developmentally appropriate expectations for children
C)unfamiliarity of the parenting role
D)self-discipline and patience

Question 54

Traumatic sexualization occurs when ____.

A)the child is unaware of sexual practices
B)the emotional abuse is chronic
C)a child's sexual knowledge occurs inappropriately
D)the child is forced to abuse others

Question 55

A history of ____ among males is a significant risk factor for inappropriate sexual behaviors,alienation,and social incompetence in adolescence.

A)physical abuse
B)sexual abuse
C)neglect
D)any form of maltreatment

Question 56

____ is most effective at modifying maltreating parents' inappropriate parental behaviors.

A)Insight-oriented therapy
B)Modeling
C)Monitoring
D)Brief counseling

Question 57

While adaptive in abusive and inescapable situations,dissociation may lead to ____.

A)borderline personality disorder
B)schizophrenia
C)bipolar disorder
D)split psychotic disorder

Question 58

Treatment for child neglect focuses on ____.

A)parents modeling skills for children
B)social dominance
C)household management
D)giving children more chores

Question 59

Which statement about sexual abuse offenders is true?

A)Sexual abuse offenders only target female children.
B)Sexual abuse offenders often have good social skills.
C)Sexual abuse offenders often gradually indoctrinate children into sexual activity.
D)Sexual abuse offenders have close trusting family relationships.

Question 60

Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between childhood maltreatment and later violent delinquent behavior is true?

A)All children who experience physical abuse in childhood later go on to engage in violent delinquent behavior.
B)Very few children who experience physical abuse in childhood later go on to engage in violent delinquent behavior.
C)Children who experience routine violence in childhood are significantly more likely to engage in violent delinquent behavior later on.
D)The experience of physical abuse is significantly associated with violent delinquent behavior later on,except for children who only experience abuse prior to adolescence.

Question 61

Describe the expectable environments of young and older children.

Question 62

What would be considered manageable stress for children?

Question 63

What is the nature of the relationship between poverty and child sexual abuse?

Question 64

What are some of the paradoxical dilemmas commonly faced by maltreated children?

Question 65

What is the cycle-of-violence hypothesis? Does the literature support or refute this hypothesis? (Be sure to support your answer.)

Question 66

Describe treatments used for physically abused or neglected children.

Question 67

Describe the continuum of child care.

Question 68

Describe acute stress disorder and distinguish from PTSD.

Question 69

What are some of the media and entertainment industry's influences on child maltreatment?

Question 70

Describe the dynamic process of child abuse.

Question 71

What are traumatic events and what do they include?

Question 72

What is the nature of maltreated children's representational models of themselves and others?

Question 73

Distinguish between the various forms of child neglect.

Question 74

What are some of the determinants of healthy parent-child relationships and family roles?