Deck 7: Obsessive-Compulsive Related and Trauma-Related Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following disorders is NOT organized as part of the DSM-5's new category OCD related and trauma related disorders?

A)body dysmorphic disorder
B)hoarding disorder
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)panic disorder

Answer 1

panic disorder

Question 2

Which of the following is a new disorder in the DSM-5:

A)post-traumatic stress disorder.
B)OCD.
C)hoarding disorder.
D)Body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 2

hoarding disorder.

Question 3

Body dysmorphic disorder is most likely to begin in

A)early childhood.
B)middle childhood.
C)adolescence.
D)adulthood.

Answer 3

adolescence.

Question 4

Commonly reported compulsions include all of the following EXCEPT

A)pursuing cleanliness and orderliness by requesting help from others.
B)performing repetitive,magical protective acts.
C)repetitive checking to ensure that certain acts are carried out.
D)engaging in elaborate rituals.

Question 5

Among women seeking plastic surgery,approximately __________ percent meet the criteria for diagnosis with body dysmorphic disorder.

A)1-2
B)3-4
C)5-7
D)8-10

Question 6

Oscar feels the urge to turn a light switch on and off 12 times before leaving a room. This would be referred to as

A)an irrational belief.
B)generalized anxiety.
C)an obsession.
D)a compulsion.

Question 7

OCD tends to begin

A)between middle childhood and adolescence.
B)between adolescence and middle adulthood.
C)between infancy and middle childhood.
D)between middle childhood and early adulthood.

Question 8

How is body dysmorphic disorder similar to OCD?

A)both engage in compulsive behaviors
B)both have obsessive preoccupations
C)both spend inordinate amounts of time of their obsessions
D)all of the above

Question 9

People who compulsively check their appearance and spend countless hours staring at themselves in the mirror will likely be diagnosed as having

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)body dysmorphic disorder
C)generalized anxiety disorder
D)specific phobia

Question 10

Approximately __________ percent of people diagnosed as having body dysmorphic disorder are unable to work.

A)10
B)25
C)40
D)65

Question 11

One way the DSM-5 differs from the DSM-IV-TR is that it

A)put OCD and trauma-related disorders part of the anxiety disorders category.
B)put OCD and trauma-related disorders their own category.
C)eliminated OCD and trauma-related disorders.
D)none of the above.

Question 12

A common symptom associated with OCD is

A)trying unsuccessfully to suppress,ignore,or neutralize the obsession.
B)self-soothing.
C)insecurity and separation anxiety.
D)volatile mood swings.

Question 13

Conditions that are triggered by exposure to severely stressful events are referred to as

A)trauma-related disorders.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)somatoform disorder.

Question 14

Which of the following is an obsession?

A)repeatedly checking that the water is turned off.
B)humming a tune over and over.
C)having a recurring fear that one is giving others illnesses when they actually are not.
D)having excessive worry over finances.

Question 15

The most common foci for obsessions include all of the following EXCEPT

A)contamination.
B)travel.
C)sexual or aggressive impulses.
D)symmetry or order.

Question 16

OCD tends to be

A)more common in men than in women.
B)more common in women than in men.
C)as common in men as it is in women.
D)most common in older men.

Question 17

Repetitive thoughts and behaviors that are so extreme that they interfere with everyday life are referred to as

A)generalized anxiety disorder.
B)phobic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)social phobic disorder.

Question 18

Intrusive,irrational and unwanted thoughts are called

A)irrational beliefs.
B)generalized anxiety.
C)obsessions.
D)compulsions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a compulsion?

A)A persistent fear of getting dirty.
B)Having persistent doubts about whether the stove was turned off that morning.
C)Persistent checking for one's keys.
D)Persistent thoughts about harming one's spouse.

Question 20

Symptoms and outcomes of body dysmorphic disorder may be common across cultures,but __________ tends to differ.

A)focus on specific body parts
B)number of body parts
C)frequency of checking behaviors
D)there are no differences across cultures

Question 21

A study of compulsive checkers (people who continually check to see if they have done something such as turning off the stove)found that these individuals

A)mistrust their memory for actions they have performed.
B)are likely to confront sources of threat.
C)are more likely to live alone.
D)have a vulnerability schema.

Question 22

Behavior models of the etiology for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders emphasize

A)classical conditioning.
B)operant conditioning.
C)punishment.
D)stimulus-response relationships.

Question 23

__________ is defined as the subjective feeling of knowing and is thought to be deficient in __________.

A)Assuredness; Panic Disorder.
B)Assuredness; OCD.
C)Yedasentience; Panic Disorder
D)Yedasentience; OCD.

Question 24

According to the cognitive behavioral model,hoarding is related to all of the following EXCEPT:

A)poor organizational abilities.
B)unusual beliefs about possessions.
C)poor planning skills.
D)avoidance behaviors.

Question 25

Approximately one third of people with hoarding disorder also engage in

A)food hoarding.
B)animal hoarding.
C)collectibles hoarding.
D)all of the above.

Question 26

The subjective feeling of knowing is called

A)ESP.
B)Yedasentience.
C)clairvoyance.
D)destiny.

Question 27

People diagnosed as having hoarding disorder or body dysmorphic disorder likely had a relative with

A)OCD.
B)social anxiety disorder.
C)mood disorder.
D)identity disorder.

Question 28

The compulsive need to acquire objects and the inability to discard any objects is known as

A)hoarding disorder.
B)collecting disorder.
C)refuse disorder.
D)none of the above.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding exposure and ritual prevention treatment for OCD?

A)it is considered the first-line treatment approach.
B)it is especially effective when hoarding is present.
C)it is very intensive,causing as many as 25% of patients to refuse treatment.
D)it is at least partially effective for over half of the patients treated.

Question 30

All of the following brain regions are involved in OCD EXCEPT:

A)orbitofrontal cortex
B)caudate nucleus
C)anterior cingulate
D)cerebellum

Question 31

Efforts to inhibit obsessive thoughts

A)may increase obsessional thinking and negative mood.
B)may be a helpful strategy for obsessive-compulsives to use.
C)result in other problems,such as stress-induced illnesses.
D)are easier if a significant other is involved to encourage and reinforce the suppression of obsessive thoughts.

Question 32

All three OCD related disorders respond well to

A)serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B)dopamine inhibitors
C)GABA enhancers
D)norepinephrine enhancers

Question 33

Behavioral models consider compulsions to be

A)classically conditioned responses.
B)operantly conditioned responses.
C)a result of suppressed obsessions.
D)related to deficient locus coeruleus activity.

Question 34

Diane has repetitive thoughts that her house will catch on fire.She repeatedly checks the stove to make sure it is turned off.Diane's compulsive behavior serves to

A)provide immediate relief from the anxiety associated with her repetitive thoughts.
B)reinforce her checking behaviors.
C)lower her psychophysiological arousal.
D)all of the above.

Question 35

Attempting to stop an obsession is called

A)thought suppression.
B)compulsive suppression.
C)ceasing behavior.
D)reinforcement attempts.

Question 36

People diagnosed as having body dysmorphic disorder are more attuned to

A)facial symmetry
B)attractiveness
C)distortions
D)both a and b

Question 37

The estimated heritability for OCD ranges from __________ to __________ percent.

A)10; 20
B)30; 50
C)60; 80
D)90; 100

Question 38

Confronting one's worst fears,such as contamination by dirty objects,is used during

A)exposure response prevention therapy.
B)psychoanalysis.
C)classical conditioning.
D)interpersonal therapy.

Question 39

The most widely used psychological treatment for OCD related disorders is

A)interpersonal psychotherapy.
B)psychoanalysis.
C)exposure and response prevention.
D)operant conditioning.

Question 40

Substantial evidence shows that symptoms of OCD are

A)adaptive.
B)related to over activity in the locus ceruleus.
C)a result of increased worry.
D)related to over activity in the orbitofrontal cortex,caudate nucleus and the anterior cingulate.

Question 41

As with other anxiety disorders,PTSD appears to be related to a greater activation of the amygdala and diminished activation of the

A)temporal lobes.
B)occipital lobes.
C)frontal cortex.
D)medial prefrontal cortex.

Question 42

Acute stress disorder differs from PTSD in that the symptoms

A)are more severe.
B)last longer.
C)last only a short period of time.
D)are hard to define.

Question 43

Irritable or aggressive behavior,reckless or self-destructive behavior,difficulty falling or staying asleep,and hyper vigilance are all symptoms associated with the DSM-5's ___________ category of PTSD.

A)intrusively re-experiencing the traumatic event
B)avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
C)mood and cognitive changes following the trauma
D)symptoms of increased arousal and reactivity

Question 44

As many as __________ of people with PTSD continue to experience diagnosable symptoms when interviewed several years later.

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 45

Norepinephrine and __________ are typically present during periods of extreme stress,which leads to stronger memory formation.

A)serotonin
B)cortisol
C)testosterone
D)none of the above

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT one of the DSM-5 categories for PTSD?

A)intrusively re-experiencing the traumatic event
B)avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
C)mood and cognitive changes following the trauma
D)forgetfulness and disorientation following the trauma

Question 47

The two-factor model of conditioning for PTSD involves classical conditioning and

A)operant conditioning.
B)socialization
C)a neutral stimulus.
D)modeling.

Question 48

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

A)is the best treatment available for PTSD
B)is very controversial.
C)has been empirically proven to work better than exposure or cognitive therapy.
D)is supported by strong theoretical explanations.

Question 49

Feeling removed from one's body,one's emotions,or being unable to remember an event is predictive of

A)PTSD.
B)OCD.
C)GAD.
D)all of the above.

Question 50

The DSM-5 has symptoms for PTSD divided into __________ categories.

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8

Question 51

Extreme response to a severe stressor that includes increased anxiety,avoidance of stimuli associate with an event,and symptoms of increase arousal are symptoms of which disorder?

A)OCD
B)PTSD
C)BDD
D)MDD

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a likely comorbid diagnosis for those with PTSD?

A)major depression
B)social anxiety disorder
C)substance abuse
D)other anxiety disorders

Question 53

__________ is the primary treatment for PTSD.

A)exposure treatment
B)flooding
C)classical conditioning
D)affective rehearsal treatment

Question 54

Which of the following treatments has been shown to be more effective than either medication or supportive psychotherapy in treating posttraumatic stress disorder?

A)progressive muscle relaxation.
B)exposure that focuses on trauma-related events.
C)EMDR.
D)group psychotherapy with other trauma victims.

Question 55

According to the DSM-5,all of the following are symptoms of ASD EXCEPT:

A)recurrent,involuntary,and intrusive distressing memories since the trauma.
B)recurrent distressing dreams about the trauma.
C)dissociative reactions (flashbacks)since the trauma.
D)all of the above are symptoms of ASD.

Question 56

The __________ of the trauma influences whether or not a person will develop PTSD.

A)severity.
B)frequency.
C)source.
D)difficulty.

Question 57

Treatment of acute stress disorder is

A)unnecessary,as most people recover anyway with time.
B)dangerous,as reliving the event increases the trauma.
C)important,as it reduces the risk of developing PTSD.
D)difficult,as it is hard to recreate the original trauma.

Question 58

Iris was in an automobile accident.She goes to a psychologist one week after the accident.If she is experiencing nightmares,flashbacks,headache,and is ruminating about the accident,she will likely receive which diagnosis?

A)acute stress disorder
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)posttraumatic stress disorder
D)anxiety disorder not otherwise specified

Question 59

The most common type of trauma for women that invokes PTSD is

A)homelessness.
B)widowhood.
C)rape.
D)natural disasters.

Question 60

People diagnosed with PTSD consistently demonstrated deficits on neuropsychological tests of verbal memory even while performing adequately on tests of

A)visual memory.
B)auditory memory.
C)sensory memory.
D)cortisol memory.

Question 61

Although the person is using avoidance to try to prevent

Question 62

Symptoms of PTSD are grouped into which of the following major categories?

A)Re-experiencing of traumatic event,avoidance of stimuli associated with event,negative alterations in mood or cognition,and increased arousal or reactivity
B)Re-experiencing of traumatic event,avoidance of stimuli associated with event,and anxiety
C)hypervigilance,avoidance of stimuli associated with event,and exaggerated startle response
D)avoidance of stimuli associated with event,symptoms of increased arousal,and symptoms of suicidality

Question 63

If hoarding symptoms develop as part of schizophrenia,hoarding disorder ________

A)should not be diagnosed.
B)probably will be considered instead.
C)must be listed as a co-morbid diagnosis.
D)should not be diagnosed unless the individual is particularly unaware of the problem.

Question 64

Hoarding Disorder is commonly comorbid with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Question 65

Which of the following symptoms is not part of the diagnosis of Hoarding Disorder?

A)Perceived flaw or flaws in the appearance of the home or workplace.
B)Difficulty discarding items regardless of their value.
C)Compromise in the usefulness of living spaces due to the accumulation of possessions.
D)Distress when thinking about discarding useless items.

Question 66

In PTSD,criteria for negative alterations in mood or cognition include all of these except:

A)Social withdrawal in women
B)More frequent negative mood in children
C)Blaming others
D)Inability to recall specific aspects of the trauma

Question 67

Why was the criterion that the individual experience horror, extreme fear, or helplessness at the time of the original trauma removed from the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD?

Question 68

Taken as a whole,the criteria for Acute Stress Disorder and the criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder are __________ in the DSM-5 than in the DSM-IV-TR.

A)more similar
B)more distinct
C)particularly different in terms of severity of symptoms
D)unchanged

Question 69

Rather than be considered as part of the avoidance cluster of symptoms,the DSM-5 considers numbing symptoms such as feeling distant from others to be part of the ___________ category.

A)Negative alterations in cognition and mood
B)Re-experiencing the trauma
C)Increased social withdrawal
D)Decreased arousal and increased reactivity

Question 70

When the person deliberately remembers the event in therapy it is called

A)treatment exposure.
B)imaginal exposure.
C)cruel treatment.
D)reactivation treatment.

Question 71

Body Dysmorphic Disorder moved from the _________ chapter in the DSM-IV to the ____ chapter in the DSM-5.

A)Somatoform Disorders; Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
B)Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders; Somatoform Disorders
C)Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders; Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
D)Somatoform Disorders; Culturally-Bound Disorders

Question 72

__________ therapy is designed to help victims of rape and childhood sexual abuse to dispute tendencies towards self-blame.

A)Exposure
B)Imaginal exposure
C)Cognitive processing
D)None of the above

Question 73

In the DSM-5,symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are divided into ____ main categories.

A)4
B)3
C)6
D)2

Question 74

In spite of strong ethics that would prevent it,Tony experiences recurrent and unwanted thoughts that he might behave inappropriately toward a supervisor at work.To be given a diagnosis of OCD,he must also:

A)actively attempt to ignore the thoughts.
B)engage in a ritual to superstitiously prevent the behavior from occurring.
C)be unaware that the worry about behaving in such a way is irrational.
D)have difficulty discarding possessions regardless of their value.

Question 75

__________ involves immediate treatment of trauma victims within 72 hours of the traumatic event.

A)Emergency therapy
B)Critical incident stress debriefing
C)Victim distancing therapy
D)All of the above

Question 76

Which of these diagnoses is new in the DSM-5?

A)Hoarding Disorder
B)Body Dysmorphic Disorder
C)Obsessive Disorder NOS
D)Compulsive Disorder Without Obsessions