Deck 11: Eating Disorders

Question 1

In people suffering from bulimia nervosa, binges are usually preceded by feelings of:

A) hunger.
B) shame.
C) low self-esteem.
D) tension.

Answer 1

tension.

Question 2

Studies have found that when patients with anorexia nervosa are given supportive nursing care, nutritional counseling, and a relatively high-calorie diet, they usually gain the necessary weight in about _____ weeks.

A) 2 to 4
B) 4 to 8
C) 8 to 12
D) 12 to 16

Answer 2

8 to 12

Question 3

A person feeling _____ is not likely to eat nutritional food only.

A) depression
B) love
C) boredom
D) anxiety

Answer 3

boredom

Question 4

Research into the spread of eating disorders to non-Western countries found that on the island(s) of _____, the introduction of Western television shows via satellite television preceded a significant increase in eating-disorder behaviors.

A) Fiji
B) Madagascar
C) the Philippines
D) Cuba

Question 5

The recent recognition of binge-eating disorders has led to treatments that resemble:

A) the type of care required to assist those with anorexia nervosa.
B) treatments that have evolved for bulimia nervosa.
C) recovery plans in depressed patients.
D) weight-loss centers.

Question 6

Which factor is NOT associated with increased risk of relapse in people who have recovered from bulimia nervosa?

A) longer history of bulimia nervosa before treatment
B) having been divorced before the bulimia nervosa symptoms began
C) a history of substance abuse
D) an increased frequency of vomiting during their eating disorder

Question 7

Which statement accurately describes the risk of African American women developing eating disorders?

A) Since 1995, African American women have shown a marked decrease in their risk of developing an eating disorder when compared to white American women.
B) African American and white American women have always had similar risks of developing eating disorders.
C) It is clear that race has played no role in the risk of developing an eating disorder in the past three decades.
D) A 1995 study found that African American women had healthier attitudes than their white American peers, but the risk of African American women developing eating disorders is on the rise.

Question 8

Although some people who suffer from anorexia nervosa recover from the illness, studies suggest that _____ percent of these patients remain seriously troubled for many years.

A) 25
B) 40
C) 65
D) 80

Question 9

The most popular weight-restoration technique for people suffering from anorexia nervosa is:

A) forced tube and intravenous feedings.
B) supportive nursing care.
C) a high-calorie diet.
D) both supportive nursing care and a high-calorie diet.

Question 10

A chemical from the brain called _____ has been identified as a natural appetite suppressant.

A) glucocorticoid
B) oxytocin
C) serotonin
D) glucagon

Question 11

People with bulimia nervosa usually have between 1 and _____ binges per week.

A) 4
B) 10
C) 30
D) 65

Question 12

Many people suffering from bulimia nervosa also suffer from:

A) substance abuse.
B) mood disorders.
C) Asperger's syndrome.
D) learning disorders.

Question 13

Although most victims of anorexia nervosa recover, between _____ and _____ percent of them become so seriously ill that they die, either from starvation or suicide.

A) 2; 6
B) 7; 10
C) 10; 21
D) 14; 16

Question 14

The word lanugo refers to:

A) fine silky body hair that develops in victims of anorexia nervosa.
B) involuntary contractions of the intestines that result from a lack of solid food being digested.
C) erosion of the enamel on the teeth of a victim of bulimia nervosa.
D) the yellowish skin pallor developed by a person with anorexia nervosa.

Question 15

What type of medication has been used to help reduce binges and vomiting in victims of bulimia nervosa?

A) antianxiety
B) antipsychotic
C) antidepressant
D) beta blockers

Question 16

Which theorist believed that enmeshed family patterns often lead to eating disorders?

A) Salvador Minuchin
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Aaron Beck
D) Daniel Meichenbaum

Question 17

According to the multidimensional risk perspective, which is NOT a factor in the development of eating disorders?

A) academic problems
B) biological factors
C) psychological problems
D) sociocultural conditions

Question 18

The frequent vomiting and chronic diarrhea occasioned by bulimia nervosa may lead to the loss of which important bodily nutrient?

A) l-tryptophan
B) lysine
C) potassium
D) selenium

Question 19

People with anorexia nervosa are motivated primarily by:

A) the desire to be thin.
B) fear.
C) a preoccupation with food.
D) a death wish.

Question 20

_____ is/are used to help people with bulimia nervosa recognize and change their maladaptive attitudes toward food, eating, weight, and shape.

A) Interpersonal psychotherapy
B) Self-care manuals
C) Cognitive techniques
D) Psychodynamic therapy

Question 21

The peak age during which women develop anorexia nervosa is:

A) between 16 and 18.
B) between 17 and 20.
C) between 14 and 16.
D) between 14 and 20.

Question 22

When are people least likely to eat junk food?

A) when they are bored
B) when they are depressed
C) when they are happy
D) when they feel self-confident

Question 23

Which is not a typical response for a person who just indulged in a binge episode?

A) feeling depressed
B) feeling guilty
C) being afraid
D) feeling happy and in control

Question 24

Which is NOT an accurate statement about the comparison between females with anorexia nervosa and those with bulimia nervosa?

A) Girls with bulimia have less sexual experience than do girls with anorexia.
B) Girls with anorexia have less sexual experience than do girls with bulimia.
C) Girls with bulimia tend to be more concerned about pleasing others.
D) Girls with bulimia display fewer obsessive qualities than do girls with anorexia.

Question 25

Which statement about women with bulimia nervosa is accurate?

A) They are substantially below their normal weight.
B) They are obese.
C) They generally maintain their normal weight, though it may fluctuate markedly within that range.
D) They weigh about 20 percent more than they should.

Question 26

About 73 percent of all girls and women are dissatisfied with their bodies, compared with what percent of men?

A) 5
B) 17
C) 32
D) 56

Question 27

When do both bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa typically begin?

A) before a school dance, primarily in high school
B) immediately upon the beginning of puberty, when bodies change and begin taking on a more adult form
C) upon entry into college, when fear of the "freshman fifteen" becomes overwhelming
D) after a period of intense dieting that has been successful and has earned praise from family members and friends

Question 28

The behavioral technique of _____ is used to help break the binge-purge cycle of bulimia nervosa.

A) systematic desensitization
B) flooding
C) exposure
D) exposure and response prevention

Question 29

According to research into college athletes, a full _____ percent of female college gymnasts appear to suffer from an eating disorder.

A) 8
B) 20
C) 32
D) 63

Question 30

A brain chemical known as _____ has been identified as acting as a natural appetite suppressant.

A) serotonin
B) oxytocin
C) glucagon-like peptide-1
D) leptin

Question 31

People who frequently consume large quantities of food but have no fear of gaining weight may be struggling with what disorder?

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) acute stress disorder
D) anorexia nervosa

Question 32

Which statement about eating disorders among men is true?

A) It is very rare for a man to have an eating disorder.
B) Men and women develop eating disorders for similar reasons in similar ways.
C) Eating disorders are overdiagnosed in men.
D) Male eating disorders are often linked to the requirements and pressures of a job or sport.

Question 33

Which is a new kind of eating disorder that is found almost exclusively in men?

A) muscle dysmorphobia
B) binge-eating disorder
C) abdominal dissatisfaction disorder
D) non-binging bulimotoxicity

Question 34

Persons with _____ have a low opinion of their body shape, consider themselves unattractive, and are likely to overestimate their actual proportions.

A) bulimia nervosa
B) anorexia nervosa
C) both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
D) neither anorexia nervosa nor bulimia nervosa

Question 35

The neurotransmitter that may be associated with eating disorders is:

A) dopamine.
B) serotonin.
C) GABA.
D) norepinephrine.

Question 36

To whom or what does "Pro-Ana" refer?

A) It refers to the anonymous founder of the term "Anorexia Nervosa." She suffered from the disorder for years before recovering and becoming an eating disorder therapist.
B) It refers to a series of pro-anorexia websites where eating disorders may be encouraged.
C) It is a shortened form of the medication Proanalyctose, which is used to help offset the symptoms of eating disorders.
D) It is a cartoon character who was designed to educate young girls about the dangers of dieting and obsessing about their weight.

Question 37

Which is not a characteristic of a person with anorexia nervosa?

A) being afraid of becoming obese
B) being afraid of giving in to a desire to eat
C) being afraid of losing control over the size of their bodies
D) rarely thinking about food

Question 38

The area in the brain that reduces hunger when it is activated is the:

A) lateral hypothalamus.
B) ventromedial hypothalamus.
C) central hypothalamus.
D) cerebellum.

Question 39

What is the effect of vomiting after a binge episode?

A) The individual effectively rids the body of all calories consumed during the binge.
B) The individual loses about half of the calories consumed during the binge.
C) It makes the individual not want to eat again.
D) It has no effect on the calories consumed during the binge.

Question 40

Which psychological problem is often associated with anorexia nervosa?

A) dissociative identity disorder
B) autism
C) obsessive-compulsive patterns
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 41

The peak age range for the development of anorexia nervosa is:

A) 7 to 10.
B) 10 to 13.
C) 14 to 20.
D) 20 to 25.

Question 42

In the 1940s, a group of volunteers was put on a semistarvation diet for 6 months. During the latter part of the study:

A) several of the volunteers were diagnosed with bulimia.
B) the volunteers thought about food all the time.
C) the volunteers never thought about food because it made them hungry.
D) the volunteers tended to avoid meals because they did not get enough food.

Question 43

A person who loses weight by forcing herself to vomit after meals or by using laxatives and who otherwise fits the definition of anorexia is experiencing:

A) binge-eating/purging-type anorexia nervosa.
B) food-phobia anorexia nervosa.
C) restricted-type anorexia nervosa.
D) variable-limited anorexia nervosa.

Question 44

People who do not have anorexia who are placed on a starvation diet:

A) lose weight much more slowly than people with anorexia.
B) have more severe medical problems than people with anorexia do.
C) show many of the food preoccupations of people with anorexia nervosa.
D) lose weight in the same way that people with anorexia do but do not suffer the same food preoccupation.

Question 45

The MOST common cognitive disturbance in anorexia nervosa is:

A) a distorted body image.
B) a revulsion toward food.
C) a major clinical depression.
D) in their views of others.

Question 46

Although most victims recover from eating disorders, between _____ and _____ of them become so seriously ill that they die from medical problems or from suicide.

A) 2 percent; 6 percent
B) 6 percent; 10 percent
C) 10 percent; 14 percent
D) 14 percent; 18 percent

Question 47

The preoccupation with food characteristic of anorexia nervosa is thought to:

A) result from starvation.
B) be the cause of the disorder.
C) be more pronounced in younger children with anorexia.
D) result from overeating.

Question 48

A person who stopped eating candy and other sweets, then gradually eliminated other foods until he or she was eating almost nothing, could be experiencing:

A) binge-purge type of anorexia nervosa.
B) sweet-phobia type of anorexia nervosa.
C) restricted-type anorexia nervosa.
D) exercise-induced anorexia nervosa.

Question 49

If a person says, "I must be perfect in every way. I'll be a better person if I deprive myself of food," that person is engaging in:

A) distorted thinking.
B) food preoccupation.
C) obsessive-compulsions.
D) amenorrhea.

Question 50

What is the first type of food usually eliminated from the diet of a person who is developing restricting- type anorexia?

A) meat
B) sweets
C) breads
D) nuts and grains

Question 51

Which statement is NOT true about anorexia nervosa?

A) It usually follows a diet in someone who is of normal weight or slightly overweight.
B) It can follow a stressful event such as divorce, a move from home, or a personal failure.
C) Fatalities occur by suicide or serious medical problems due to starvation.
D) About 25 percent of people who experience anorexia nervosa are men.

Question 52

Which characteristic is MOST consistent with anorexia nervosa?

A) a refusal to think about food at all
B) a view that one's body is too thin
C) body size overestimation
D) distorted perception of others' sizes

Question 53

The popular star whose death raised awareness of eating disorders was:

A) Elvis Presley.
B) Jimi Hendrix.
C) Karen Carpenter.
D) Kurt Cobain.

Question 54

A modern explanation of why many people with anorexia continually have food-related thoughts and dreams is that:

A) thoughts of food occur in order to avoid eating.
B) fantasy about food fulfills basic needs of the id.
C) such thoughts and dreams are the cause of food deprivation.
D) such thoughts and dreams are the result of food deprivation.

Question 55

Which person would be MOST likely to cut out sweets, then eliminate more and more types of foods, but not engage in forced vomiting?

A) someone experiencing restricting-type anorexia nervosa
B) someone experiencing purging-type anorexia
C) someone experiencing bulimia nervosa
D) someone experiencing acute-type bulimia

Question 56

People suffering from anorexia nervosa tend to:

A) overestimate their body size.
B) underestimate their body size.
C) correctly estimate their body size.
D) vary in accuracy in estimating their body size.

Question 57

Which description is LEAST likely to characterize the behavior of someone experiencing anorexia nervosa?

A) careful preparation and planning of the food one eats during the day
B) feeling oneself to be unattractively overweight
C) a view that food deprivation makes one a better person
D) a hesitancy to think about food

Question 58

A young woman has become very afraid of being overweight. She has recently reduced her food intake, although she feels hungry all the time. As a result, her weight has dropped sharply below average, but she still believes that she is overweight. She is MOST likely experiencing:

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) Carpenter's syndrome.
D) carbohydrate deprivation.

Question 59

Which is NOT a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

A) body weight of 85 percent or less than normal
B) fear of becoming overweight
C) a view that one is currently unattractively thin
D) loss of menstrual periods

Question 60

The primary motivating emotion a person with anorexia experiences is:

A) fear.
B) anger.
C) shame.
D) hate.

Question 61

A woman eats cookies, cake, ice cream, and almost anything else that is sweet. At some point during the binge, she takes a huge dose of a laxative to "empty out" the food. Her taking the laxative, and the assumption underlying why she does it, would lead to a diagnosis of:

A) binge-eating disorder.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) an eating disorder not otherwise specified.

Question 62

A patient in therapy who eats exactly eight pieces of bread that he has carefully made into balls of equal diameter is displaying a symptom of anorexia nervosa related to:

A) schizophrenia.
B) depression.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) substance abuse.

Question 63

Bulimia is always characterized by:

A) uncontrollable overeating.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) fasting and frantic exercise.
D) being underweight.

Question 64

The psychological disorder that anorexia nervosa MOST resembles is:

A) a simple phobia.
B) narcissistic personality disorder.
C) borderline personality disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 65

A woman eats chips and dips and burgers and fries and drinks a couple of shakes. Afterward, she goes to the gym and does 90 minutes of aerobics, spends an hour on the stair stepper, and then does weights for another hour. She also does not eat for 72 hours. The set of assumptions underlying her behavior would lead to a diagnosis of:

A) binge-eating disorder.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) eating disorder not otherwise specified.

Question 66

If binge eating is followed by a period of strenuous exercise to compensate for the food, the diagnosis is probably:

A) binge-eating disorder.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) eating disorder not otherwise specified.

Question 67

Individuals with anorexia often show which personality characteristic?

A) obsessions
B) low anxiety
C) multiple phobias
D) episodes of mania

Question 68

Which is NOT a compensatory behavior for someone with bulimia?

A) excessive exercise
B) preoccupation with food
C) forced vomiting
D) use of diuretics

Question 69

The disorder that is characterized by eating binges followed by forced vomiting is called:

A) obesity.
B) obsession.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) bulimia nervosa.

Question 70

If a person were looking at a photograph of herself and adjusting the size until she thought the picture looked like herself, she would MOST likely be participating in an assessment of her:

A) accuracy in estimating body size.
B) self-esteem.
C) readiness for therapy.
D) susceptibility to societal stereotypes.

Question 71

The central feature of bulimia nervosa is:

A) excessive dieting and weight loss.
B) fanatic exercising preceded by binge eating.
C) purging either by vomiting or use of laxatives.
D) binge eating followed by a compensatory behavior.

Question 72

Which problem is a possible medical complication of anorexia nervosa?

A) high blood pressure
B) decreased heart rate
C) elevated body temperature
D) increased bone mineral density

Question 73

The MOST accurate diagnosis for a woman who regularly eats a whole pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of donuts at one sitting, then forces herself to throw it all up, is:

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) depressive disorder.
D) anorexia.

Question 74

Which is a diagnostic criterion for bulimia nervosa?

A) obsessive thoughts about cleanliness
B) weight at least 15 percent below normal
C) lack of control over eating during binging
D) one episode of binge eating followed by purging

Question 75

A woman with anorexia has lanugo. What has happened?

A) She has lost body hair.
B) She has developed double vision.
C) Her menstrual cycle has become irregular.
D) She has grown fine silky hair on her body.

Question 76

Which problem is common in anorexia nervosa?

A) amenorrhea
B) increased heart rate
C) high blood pressure
D) elevated body temperature

Question 77

Which is NOT a consequence of anorexia nervosa?

A) amenorrhea
B) dry, rough, cracked skin
C) fever and high blood pressure
D) development of the silky hair that covers newborns

Question 78

Someone who fasts or exercises strenuously following a binge is engaging in:

A) compensatory behaviors.
B) purging.
C) enmeshment.
D) exposure and response prevention.

Question 79

Which psychological problem is LEAST likely to be associated with anorexia nervosa?

A) depression
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) schizophrenia
D) substance abuse

Question 80

Which would a person with anorexia nervosa NOT experience?

A) substance abuse
B) a personality disorder
C) low self-esteem
D) anxiety