Deck 15: Glucose Regulation

Question 1

When a diabetic patient asks about maintaining adequate blood glucose levels, which of the following statements by the nurse relates most directly to the necessity of maintaining blood glucose levels no lower than about 74 mg/dL?

A) "Glucose is the only type of fuel used by body cells to produce the energy needed for physiologic activity."
B) "The central nervous system cannot store glucose and needs a continuous supply of glucose for fuel."
C) "Without a minimum level of glucose circulating in the blood, erythrocytes cannot produce ATP."
D) "The presence of glucose in the blood counteracts the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis."

Answer 1

"The central nervous system cannot store glucose and needs a continuous supply of glucose for fuel."

Question 2

Which of the following would be included in the assessment of a patient with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing a hypoglycemic reaction? (Select all that apply.)

A) Tremors
B) Nervousness
C) Extreme thirst
D) Flushed skin
E) Profuse perspiration
F) Constricted pupils

Answer 2

Tremors
Nervousness
Profuse perspiration

Question 3

A diabetic patient is brought into the emergency department unresponsive. The arterial pH is 7.28. Besides the blood pH, which clinical manifestation is seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis?

A) Decreased hunger sensation
B) Report of no urine output
C) Increased respiratory rate
D) Decreased thirst

Answer 3

Increased respiratory rate

Question 4

The nurse recognizes which patient as having the greatest risk for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus?

A) Young white man
B) Middle-aged African-American man
C) Young African-American woman
D) Middle-aged Native American woman

Question 5

What is the nurse's best response about developing diabetes to the patient whose father has type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A) "You have a greater susceptibility for development of the disease because of your family history."
B) "Your risk is the same as the general population, because there is no genetic risk for development of type 1 diabetes."
C) "Type 1 diabetes is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Therefore the risk for becoming diabetic is 50%."
D) "Because you are a woman and your father is the parent with diabetes, your risk is not increased for eventual development of the disease. However, your brothers will become diabetic."

Question 6

The nurse instructs a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus to avoid which of the following drugs while taking insulin?

A) Furosemide (Lasix)
B) Dicumarol (Bishydroxycoumarin)
C) Reserpine (Serpasil)
D) Cimetidine (Tagamet)

Question 7

The nurse associates which assessment finding in the diabetic patient with decreasing renal function?

A) Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis
B) Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia
C) Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
D) White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis