Deck 19: Gas Exchange

Question 1

The nurse would identify which body systems as directly involved in the process of normal gas exchange? (Select all that apply.)

A) Neurologic system
B) Endocrine system
C) Pulmonary system
D) Immune system
E) Cardiovascular system
F) Hepatic system

Answer 1

Neurologic system
Pulmonary system
Cardiovascular system

Question 2

The nurse is assigned a group of patients. Which patient finding would the nurse identify as a factor leading to increased risk for impaired gas exchange?

A) Blood glucose of 350 mg/dL
B) Anticoagulant therapy for 10 days
C) Hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL
D) Heart rate of 100 beats/min and blood pressure of 100/60

Answer 2

Hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL

Question 3

The nurse would identify which patient condition as a problem of impaired gas exchange secondary to a perfusion problem?

A) Peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) Chronic asthma
D) Severe anemia secondary to chemotherapy

Answer 3

Peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities

Question 4

Which clinical management prevention Chapter would the nurse identify as representative of secondary prevention?

A) Decreasing venous stasis and risk for pulmonary emboli
B) Implementation of strict hand washing routines
C) Maintaining current vaccination schedules
D) Prevention of pneumonia in patients with chronic lung disease

Question 5

Which patient finding would the nurse identify as being a risk factor for altered transport of oxygen?

A) Hemoglobin level of 8.0
B) Bronchoconstriction and mucus
C) Peripheral arterial disease
D) Decreased thoracic expansion

Question 6

The acid-base status of a patient is dependent on normal gas exchange. Which patient would the nurse identify as having an increased risk for the development of respiratory acidosis?

A) Chronic lung disease with increased carbon dioxide retention
B) Acute anxiety, hyperventilation, and decreased carbon dioxide retention
C) Decreased cardiac output with increased serum lactic acid production
D) Gastric drainage with increased removal of gastric acid

Question 7

The nurse is assessing a patient's differential white blood cell count. What implications would this test have on evaluating the adequacy of a patient's gas exchange?

A) An elevation of the total white cell count indicates generalized inflammation.
B) Eosinophil count will assist to identify the presence of a respiratory infection.
C) White cell count will differentiate types of respiratory bacteria.
D) Level of neutrophils provides guidelines to monitor a chronic infection.

Question 8

The nurse is assessing a patient for the adequacy of ventilation. What assessment findings would indicate the patient has good ventilation? (Select all that apply.)

A) Respiratory rate is 24 breaths/min.
B) Oxygen saturation level is 98%.
C) The right side of the thorax expands slightly more than the left.
D) Trachea is just to the left of the sternal notch.
E) Nail beds are pink with good capillary refill.
F) There is presence of quiet, effortless breath sounds at lung base bilaterally.

Question 9

The nurse is reviewing the patient's arterial blood gas results. The PaO₂ is 96 mm Hg, pH is 7.20, PaCO₂ is 55 mm Hg, and HCO₃ is 25 mEq/L. What might the nurse expect to observe on assessment of this patient?

A) Disorientation and tremors
B) Tachycardia and decreased blood pressure
C) Increased anxiety and irritability
D) Hyperventilation and lethargy

Question 10

A 3-month-old infant is at increased risk for developing anemia. The nurse would identify which principle contributing to this risk?

A) The infant is becoming more active.
B) There is an increase in intake of breast milk or formula.
C) The infant is unable to maintain an adequate iron intake.
D) A depletion of fetal hemoglobin occurs.