Deck 6: The States of Matter

Question 1

A gas sample has a volume of 500 mL at 20C.At what Celsius temperature would the gas have a volume half as large?

A)"10 $\degree$ C"
B)"147 $\degree$ C"
C)"-147 $\degree$ C"
D)"-127 $\degree$ C"

Answer 1

"-127 $\degree$ C"

Question 2

Increasing the pressure on a gas at constant temperature does what to the volume of the gas?

A)increases
B)decreases
C)has no effect
D)increases up to a certain point

Answer 2

increases

Question 3

You have a patient that is currently experience extreme discomfort after eating a large quantity of beans.The pain is being caused by the build up of gas pressure in the large intestines.If you were able to put a pressure gauge in to the patient,which of the following would be a reasonable pressure that you might observe.

A)860 torr
B)860 psi
C)860 pascal
D)860 atm

Answer 3

860 torr

Question 4

Small compressibility is a characteristic of which state of matter?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gaseous
D)more than one response is correct

Question 5

How does the kinetic energy of a particle change if the particle's velocity is increased by a factor of 3?

A)kinetic energy increases by a factor of 3
B)kinetic energy decreases by a factor of 3
C)kinetic energy increases by a factor of 9
D)kinetic energy increases by a factor of 2

Question 6

A balloon has a volume of 5.00 liters of 22 $\degree$ C and 1.00 atmosphere of pressure.What will be the balloon's volume in liters if the pressure is increased to 3.00 atmospheres at 22 $\degree$ C?

A)1.67
B)0.600
C)1.30
D)0.800

Question 7

Potential energy resulting from the attraction of particles

A)decreases when separation distance decreases.
B)decreases when separation distance increases.
C)increases when separation distance increases.
D)More than one response is correct.

Question 8

Which of the following physical properties would be impossible to determine for a material in the gas state?

A)thermal expansion
B)viscosity
C)density
D)surface tension

Question 9

Definite shape is a characteristic of which state of matter?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gaseous
D)more than one response is correct

Question 10

A gas sample is collected in a balloon.What happens to the density of the gas sample as the sample is heated?

A)decreases
B)increases
C)does not change
D)a variable change occurs

Question 11

Convert a temperature of 45 $\degree$ C into Kelvin.

A)"-45 K"
B)"-228 K"
C)"228 K"
D)"318 K"

Question 12

A sample of gas collected at 21.0 $\degree$ C and a pressure of 660 torr has a volume of 1.83 liters.What volume in liters will the gas occupy at 38.0 $\degree$ C under a pressure of 500 torr?

A)2.56
B)4.37
C)2.28
D)1.33

Question 13

Which of the following pressure units is largest?

A)one torr
B)one mm Hg
C)one psi
D)one atm

Question 14

High density is characteristic of which state of matter?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gaseous
D)more than one response is correct

Question 15

Cohesive forces in matter are related to

A)potential energy from particle repulsions.
B)potential energy from particle attractions.
C)kinetic energy.
D)More than one response is correct.

Question 16

What property of a liquid such as mercury is used in a liquid-in-glass thermometer?

A)density
B)compressibility
C)thermal expansion
D)more than one response is correct

Question 17

Two objects are moving with the same velocity,but one has twice the kinetic energy of the other.How does the mass of the object with higher kinetic energy compare to the other object's mass?

A)It is larger by a factor of 2
B)It is smaller by a factor of 2
C)It is larger by a factor of 4
D)It is smaller by a factor of 4

Question 18

Convert a temperature of 210 K into Celsius degrees.

A)"-63.0 $\degree$ C"
B)"63.0 $\degree$ C"
C)"242 $\degree$ C"
D)"483 $\degree$ C"

Question 19

A pressure is recorded as 622 torr.What is this pressure in atm?

A)1.22
B)0.818
C)5.17
D)0.0393

Question 20

A 3.2 liter sample of gas is at 40 $\degree$ C and 1.0 atmosphere of pressure.If the temperature decreases to 20 $\degree$ C and the pressure decreases to 0.60 atmospheres,what is the new volume in liters?

A)5.7
B)5.0
C)1.8
D)0.20

Question 21

The vapor pressure of a liquid

A)decreases with increasing temperature.
B)is independent of temperature.
C)is equal to one atmosphere at the normal boiling point.
D)cannot be measured.

Question 22

Which of the following gases would diffuse about one-third as fast as helium gas,He?

A)HCl
B)NH₃
C)CH₄
D)H₂O

Question 23

Which of the following is an exothermic process?

A)sublimation
B)melting
C)evaporation
D)condensation

Question 24

Calculate the volume in liters of 3.50 moles of gas at STP.

A)6.4
B)44.8
C)3.5
D)78.4

Question 25

A gas sample collected at 35.0°C and a pressure of 710 torr has a volume of 200 mL.The temperature and pressure are changed,and the gas is compressed to 150 mL.The new temperature is 40.0 $\degree$ C; what is the new pressure?

A)1.27 atm
B)1.08 * 10³ torr
C)541 torr
D)0.712 atm

Question 26

Which of the following gases is least likely to behave ideally?

A)He
B)N₂
C)HCl
D)H₂

Question 27

Which of the following pairs of gases would diffuse at essentially the same rate?

A)NO₂ and NO
B)O₂ and Ar
C)PH₃ and C₂H₂
D)N₂O and CO₂

Question 28

A 5.00 liter gas sample is collected at a temperature and pressure of 27.0 $\degree$ C and 1.20 atm.It is desired to transfer the gas to a 3.00 liter container at a pressure of 1.00 atm.What must be the temperature of the gas in the 3.00 liter container?

A)216 K
B)417 K
C)13.5 $\degree$ C
D)150 K

Question 29

Ethylene dichloride is an effective cooling agent when allowed to evaporate.The heat of vaporization is 85.3 calories per gram.How much heat could be removed from the skin if 2.70 grams of ethylene dichloride were sprayed on and allowed to evaporate?

A)31.6 cal
B)230 cal
C)0.00320 cal
D)0.00400 cal

Question 30

What volume of ammonia gas,NH₃,in liters is produced at STP by the complete reaction of 100 g of nitrogen,N₂,with excess hydrogen? N₂ + 3H₂ $\rightarrow$ 2NH₃

A)74.7
B)747
C)62.5
D)160

Question 31

The temperature of a liquid is decreased.What happens to the vapor pressure of the liquid as a result?

A)it increases
B)it decreases
C)it is not changed
D)varies over time

Question 32

The direct change from the solid state to the vapor state is called _____ .

A)evaporation
B)sublimation
C)boiling
D)fusion

Question 33

A mixture of helium,argon and krypton is made and stored in a cylinder at a total pressure of 2.80 atm.The partial pressure of helium is 900 torr,and that of argon is 250 torr.What is the partial pressure of krypton in the mixture?

A)1.18 atm
B)1.51 atm
C)1150 torr
D)978 torr

Question 34

Which of the following influence the vapor pressure of liquids?

A)polarity of liquid molecules
B)mass of liquid molecules
C)temperature of liquid
D)more than one response is correct

Question 35

What is the total pressure of a gaseous mixture that contains three gases with partial pressures of 0.845 atm,120 torr and 210 mm Hg?

A)1175 torr
B)972 torr
C)0.411 atm
D)331 torr

Question 36

When a liquid sample is taken from sea level to a higher elevation,what happens to the external (atmospheric)pressure on the liquid and the boiling point of the liquid?

A)both decrease
B)both increase
C)pressure goes down,but boiling point goes up
D)pressure goes up,but boiling point goes down

Question 37

In which of the following processes does the energy of the water increase?

A)water freezes
B)steam condenses to liquid
C)water evaporates
D)more than one response is correct

Question 38

Which of the following specific temperatures is defined in terms of vapor pressure?

A)boiling point
B)standard temperature
C)decomposition temperature
D)critical mass

Question 39

What pressure will 3.20 mol of N₂ gas exert if confined in a 15.0 L container at 100 $\degree$ C?

A)1.75 atm
B)6.53 atm
C)3.27 atm
D)13.0 atm

Question 40

What volume in liters is occupied by 8.22 g of SO₂ gas confined at a pressure of 1200 torr at 75.0 $\degree$ C? (hint: R = 0.0821 liter atm/mol K)

A)0.499
B)4.22 * 10¹
C)2.32
D)32.1

Question 41

Which of the following correctly arranges the given compounds in order of increasing boiling point (lowest to highest)?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 42

Near room temperature air has a density of 1.18 * 10^-3 g/mL.What volume will 30.77 g of air occupy?

A)2.61 * 10⁴ mL
B)3.63 * 10^-2 mL
C)3.83* 10^-5 mL
D)3.08 * 10¹ mL

Question 43

Which of the following correctly arranges the physical states of matter (gas - g,solid - s,liquid - l)in order of increasing energy of the particles (lowest to highest)?

A)g < l < s
B)g < s < l
C)l < g < s
D)s < l < g

Question 44

Which individual developed a relationship showing that PV = k?

A)Charles
B)Boyle
C)Avogadro
D)Dalton

Question 45

Which of the following is not a standard condition (STP)for gas measurements?

A)0 $\degree$ C
B)1.00 atm
C)273 K
D)1.00 torr

Question 46

As a healthy individual,you have a blood pressure of 117 over 65.What are the units associated with blood pressure?

A)Pa
B)torr
C)mm Hg
D)atm

Question 47

The heat of fusion for zinc chloride is 40.4 calories per gram at the melting point of 275°C.How much heat is required to melt 500 g of zinc chloride at its melting point?

A)11.1 kcal
B)1.80 cal
C)12.4 cal
D)20.2 kcal

Question 48

Using d = m/V,what is the volume (V)of a solid that has a density of 3.14g/cm³ and has a mass of 7.04 grams?

A)22.1 cm³
B)22.11 cm³
C)2.24 cm³
D)2.242 cm³

Question 49

How many balloons can you fill from a 10 liter tank of helium you purchased? The tank has an initial pressure of 1500 psi.Also,you know that,when filled to the recommended 25 psi,each balloon will hold a volume of 5.5 L.(Hint: Don't forget that you can't remove the last 10 L from the tank.)

A)60
B)107
C)109
D)600

Question 50

Calculate the kinetic energy of a 0.500 g particles traveling at 5.50 cm/s.

A)2.75 g cm²/s²
B)7.56 g cm²/s²
C)51.1 g cm²/s²
D)6.88 g cm²/s²

Question 51

Who developed the concept of partial pressure of gases in a mixture?

A)Charles
B)Boyle
C)Avogadro
D)Dalton

Question 52

Inhaling volatile materials has result in serious heath effects.Which of the following substances has been used for inhalant abuse?

A)propane cooking gas
B)mercury metal
C)sodium chloride solution
D)steam

Question 53

The specific heat of ice is 0.48 cal/g $\degree$ C.How much heat will it take to raise the temperature of 10 g of ice from -30 $\degree$ C to -20 $\degree$ C?

A)0.48 cal
B)4.8 cal
C)48 cal
D)10 cal

Question 54

The heat of fusion of water is 80.0.What are the units associated with this number?

A)cal
B)cal / $\degree$ C
C)cal / g $\degree$ C
D)cal / g

Question 55

The deposition of water vapor occurs when frost forms on a window.The correct equation to represent this phase change is _____ .

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 56

Which of the following would be an example of potential energy?

A)an avalanche
B)chemical reaction
C)a new lithium battery
D)diffusion

Question 57

Overtime,a latex balloon will lose its shape and buoyancy.Which process can be used to explain why this occurs?

A)sublimation
B)condensation
C)effusion
D)diffusion

Question 58

In terms of boiling point,what is the effect of moving water to a point 1500 meters higher than the starting point?

A)Boiling point will increase.
B)Boiling point will decrease.
C)Boiling point will remain the same.
D)Insufficient information is given.

Question 59

The force resulting from particle motion is referred to as _____ .

A)cohesive
B)chemical
C)nuclear
D)disruptive

Question 60

Given the following: heat of fusion of ice = 80.0 cal/g; specific heat of ice = 0.480 cal/g; and specific heat of water = 1.00 cal/g.Calculate the amount of heat required to melt 30.0 g of ice at 0 $\degree$ C.

A)14.4 cal
B)2.41 cal
C)80.0 cal
D)2.40 kcal

Question 61

The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure and atmospheric pressure are the same.

Question 62

N₂ will diffuse faster than NO₂.

Question 63

At room temperature,H₂ molecules have the same average kinetic energy as O₂.

Question 64

If the temperature of a gas is decreased,either the pressure or the volume or both will increase.

Question 65

When steam condenses,it absorbs heat.

Question 66

The figure below is an example of which gas law?

A)Charles'
B)Boyle's
C)Avagadro's
D)Dalton's

Question 67

A fan works to cool a person because the breeze makes each gram of water that evaporates carry off more heat than without the fan.

Question 68

Consider the figure below which shows the compression phase of a piston in your car's engine.This is an example of which gas law?

A)Charles'
B)Boyle's
C)Avagadro's
D)Dalton's

Question 69

The reason that helium can be used in balloons to make them rise in air is that helium expands a great deal more than is predicted by the ideal gas law.

Question 70

Oxygen masks are supplied to people having difficulty breathing because of respiratory problems.This is done to increase the partial pressure of oxygen in the air inhaled.

Question 71

Absolute zero is O $\degree$ C.

Question 72

The vapor pressure of a liquid depends on the volume of the partially filled container.

Question 73

The expansion of mercury in a thermometer is an endothermic reaction.

Question 74

The heat of vaporization is twice as great as the heat of condensation.

Question 75

Water has an unusually low specific heat.

Question 76

Pure substances in the gaseous state contain more energy than in the liquid state.

Question 77

The addition of heat causes all substances to change from a solid to a liquid to a gas.

Question 78

The specific heat of ice is the amount of heat required to melt a specified weight to liquid water.

Question 79

Polar liquids would normally have higher heats of vaporization than non-polar liquids.

Question 80

The amount of pressure on a container at 100 $\degree$ C is twice the pressure on the container at 50 $\degree$ C.