Deck 12: Long-Term Care

Question 1

Which type of community-based service specializes in providing housework assistance to older adults?

A) Seniors' service groups
B) Adult day care
C) Respite service
D) Home Care

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What do experts recommend as an important resource for family caregivers?

A) Sharing of duties with family members .
B) Pastoral counseling .
C) Joining a caregiver support group .
D) Evaluate options for nursing home placement

Answer 2

C

Question 3

An advantage of living in a Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRC) is that older adults:

A) can move from minimal to higher levels of care within the same community.
B) receive extensive services at a moderate price through government assistance.
C) do not need to put down a down payment but only pay monthly rental fees.
D) can live in apartments that are attached to the homes of their children.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to the concept of _______________, older adults can remain in their homes or communities rather than needing to be institutionalized.

A) assisted living
B) intermediate care
C) aging in place
D) residential homes

Question 5

The cost of care among married older Canadians both in care, with average incomes, in terms of after-tax income was highest in:

A) The Maritimes
B) Quebec
C) Ontario
D) Manitoba

Question 6

The most rapidly growing type of nursing homes in Canada fall into which category of ownership?

A) non-profit
B) for-profit
C) religious
D) government

Question 7

According to your text the majority of care in the home is provided by:

A) Nurses .
B) Formal support workers
C) Family members
D) Volunteers

Question 8

The out-of-pocket costs of long-term care in Canada is greatest for:

A) Alberta
B) Quebec
C) The Maritimes
D) Nunavut

Question 9

The concept of "aging in place" implies that with respect to living arrangements, older adults are able to:

A) avoid needing any type of residential or outpatient care.
B) move to a comfortable and well-staffed rehabilitation facility.
C) live in special units attached to the homes of their children.
D) remain in their own homes or at least their own communities.

Question 10

According to your text, the best solution to insure that Long Term Care is appropriately covered to meet the needs of our aging population is:

A) Private savings
B) Private LTC insurance
C) Universal public insurance
D) Increasing taxes

Question 11

The most effective coping method for family caregivers when dealing with the stress and demands of caregiving is:

A) Directed problem solving
B) Reframing the situation
C) Trial and error
D) Consulting with a formal service provider

Question 12

The Canadian Health Care Association (2009) reported that _______% of its Home Care clients are children and youth.

A) 5
B) 10 .
C) 15 .
D) 20

Question 13

Day services for older adults that allow caregivers to attend to their job or household responsibilities are known as:

A) partial treatment.
B) home health assistance.
C) friendly visiting.
D) respite care.

Question 14

A meta-analysis of LTC facilities by ownership showed the "lowest" on an average quality ratings for:

A) Public not-for-profit government owned
B) Private not-for-profit religious organization owned
C) Private not-for-profit charitable organization owned
D) Private for-profit national, local, and private equity firm owned

Question 15

According to the Conference Board of Canada Report (2012), the percentage of the total health care budget spent on Home and Community care in 2010 was between:

A) 3.0 - 4.5 .
B) 4.6 - 5.5
C) 5.6 - 6.6
D) 6.6 - 9.2

Question 16

According to Statistics Canada (2012) cited in your text, ________% of individuals aged 85 and older reside in nursing homes, chronic care or LTC hospitals, and residences for older adults.

A) 30 .
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60

Question 17

According to the CIHI (2007) report cited in your text, approximately percent of Continuing Care clients in Ontario are between 19 and 64 years of age.

A) 7
B) 17
C) 27
D) 37

Question 18

Home Care is a vital part of the Canadian health care system because it is:

A) Fully funded under the Canada Health Act
B) Cost-effective
C) Focused on chronic conditions
D) Focused on prevention

Question 19

The oversimplified belief that an increased population of ___________ will undermine the health care system in Canada is called apocalyptic demography.

A) people in rural regions
B) older adults
C) people in urban regions
D) people under 65 years of age

Question 20

According to the Canada Health Act long term care is a fully insured health service:

A) In every province and territory
B) Only for qualifying veterans and their spouses
C) Only in First Nation communities
D)In urban centres

Question 21

Alternative level of care patients refer to those who:

A) Admitted to hospital with acute medical conditions
B) Medically stable but waiting placement in a nursing home
C) Experiencing chronic medical problems that require hospitalization.
D) Require the use of restraints due to severe behavioural difficulties.

Question 22

Which psychological disorders are most prevalent among residents of nursing homes?

A) Schizophrenia
B) Stress-related
C) Depression
D) Generalized anxiety

Question 23

Which of the following is least likely to be associated with relocation to a personal care home?

A) Unavailability of residential options that provide lower levels of care
B) A serious health event (stroke or fall)
C) Lack of supportive resources
D) Unavailability of private retirement options with extended care services

Question 24

Increased susceptibility of falls among nursing home residents has been associated with:

A) Excessive use of psychotrophic medications
B) Use of restraints
C) Sensory deprivation
D) Behavioural intervention

Question 25

According to your text, which Home Care service is used most frequently by clients?

A) Meal preparation
B) Transportation
C) Housework
D) Medical

Question 26

In Canada, admission to long-term care is done by:

A) A series of assessments from different health care providers.
B) Recommendation of one's physician
C) An extended hospital stay
D) Coordinated placement through a single point of entry

Question 27

According to your text, which of the following is not a major area of attention in personal care homes?

A) Cognitive functioning
B) Physical functions
C) Mood and behavior
D) Psychosocial

Question 28

Residents with relatively good cognitive functioning living in nursing homes that provide little intellectual stimulation will, according to the _______________ model, experience poor adjustment to the institutional environment.

A) congruence-incongruence
B) competence-press
C) stress-coping
D) green house

Question 29

Serious side effects have been noted among personal care home residents due to excessive use of:

A) Serotonin uptake inhibitors
B) Other Antidepressants
C) Psychotrophic medications
D) Lithium

Question 30

In nursing homes, the most frequently used drugs to reduce disruptive behaviours are _________.

A) Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B) Lithium
C) Other antidepressants
D) Psychotrophic medications

Question 31

Which of the following services is not provided in supportive or assisted living? :

A) Social activities .
B) Skilled nursing care .
C) Assistance with personal care
D) Meals .

Question 32

Which type of seniors' housing is the most expensive?

A) Secondary suite
B) Supportive housing or assisted living facility
C) Retirement residences
D) CCRC

Question 33

Which of the following community housing options is an alternative to a nursing home, and provides support and supervision but not skilled nursing care?

A) Government-assisted housing
B) Secondary suite or accessory housing
C) CCRC - continuing care retirement community
D) Assisted living facility

Question 34

Which type of community-based seniors' housing offers the greatest range of options to address a resident's increase needs in physical and health care?

A) Secondary suite
B) Supportive or assisted living facility
C) Retirement residences
D) CCRC

Question 35

Landreville and colleagues addressed verbal agitation of LTC residents with interventions that utilized:

A) Antipsycholtic drugs sensory stimulation
B) Sensory stimulation
C) Cognitive behavioural therapy
D) Anti-depressive medications

Question 36

Traditional models of nursing home care emphasize:

A) Patient centered care
B) Family centered care
C) Custodial care
D) Preventive care

Question 37

What percentage of Canadians 65 years and older receive Home Care?

A) 15
B) 25
C) 30
D) 45

Question 38

Which age group spend the most time (hours per week) in caregiving?

A) 15 - 24
B) 45 - 54
C) 55 - 64
D) 65 and older

Question 39

Where do the amount of activity and cognitive demands placed on the individual fit within the competence-press model?

A) Both are considered to reflect press.
B) Only activity demands reflect press.
C) Both are considered aspects of competence.
D) Neither of these influence adaptation.

Question 40

A recent study by the Canadian Institute of Health Information (2014) reported that the most common treatment for depression in nursing home residents is:

A) Behaviourial intervention
B) Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
C) Other antidepressants
D) Antipsychotic medications

Question 41

Banerjee and colleagues (2012) reported that excessive violence of nursing home residents to staff could be attributed to:

A) Lack of appropriate training of workers
B) Staff shortages leading to excessive workloads
C) Insufficient use of medications and restraints.
D) Inappropriate placement of residents

Question 42

According to CIHI (2013), variability in quality indicators across 966 nursing homes in Canada showed the greatest percentage of residents with:

A) Worsening symptoms of depression
B) Worsening pain
C) Falling incidents
D) Use of antipsychotic medication with no related diagnosis

Question 43

What is the mandate of the Canada Health Act? How does it vary across the provinces and territories?

Question 44

A 2007 Institute of Medicine Report recommends which of the following changes to prepare health care workers for the future treatment of older adults?

A) Going back to previous models of care that worked at one time in the past.
B) Decreasing recruitment, because there are already too many positions.
C) Expanding and improving models of comprehensive care from home care to hospitals.
D) Lowering the rates of chronic disease in the young so they will be healthier as they age.

Question 45

How can a resident's ability to maintain independence be fostered in a nursing home? Why is this important?

Question 46

How are standards enforced in long-term care facilities?

Question 47

Briefly describe the seven types of community-based facilities for older adults.

Question 48

Provincial licensing requirements for nursing homes tend to neglect _______ in the care of residents.

A) Diet and nutrition
B) Physical environment
C) Residents' social and leisure preferences
D) Residents' quality of life

Question 49

According to the Canadian Health Care Association (2009) the key to quality care in nursing homes is related to:

A) Accreditation Canada
B) Provincial initiatives such as Ontario's Long-Term Care Home Quality Inspection
C) Human resources
D) Sufficient monitoring for adherence to standards

Question 50

In a study of nursing home residents in Victoria, British Columbia, residents who preferred to make choices about for example, what time to go to bed, whether to move to a different room, what type of end-of-life care to receive, rather than have these decisions made by staff were:

A) Older, less educated with fewer chronic conditions
B) Older, better educated, with more chronic conditions
C) Older less educated, with more chronic conditions
D) Older, better educated, with fewer chronic conditions

Question 51

A recent study of 948 staff in Canadian long-term care facilities reported that ______ percent of front-line workers were subjected to physical violence nearly every day

A) 25
B) 36
C) 43
D) 56

Question 52

What is the competence -press model apply?

Question 53

Why are staffing shortages a significant concern?

Question 54

An advantage of the Green House model of institutional care for older adults is that it:

A) feels more like a home than a traditional nursing home.
B) allows residents the opportunity to care for each other.
C) is designed to house residents in large, uncluttered hallways.
D) does not require residents to have full-time nursing staff.

Question 55

Discuss the implications of the competence-press model for the design of nursing home environments. How would you put this model into practice if you were a psychologist consulting in a nursing home?

Question 56

The system known as Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS) provides which services for nursing home residents?

A) Ratings of individual staff in terms of helpfulness.
B) Social media for residents to share news.
C) Calculation of costs for the most common procedures.
D) Online reporting of quality indicators in LTC facilities.

Question 57

What are the some of the challenges and stress associated with relocation to a nursing home? How might they be alleviated?

Question 58

What are some of the recommendation to address the quality of life of personal care home residents?

Question 59

What are the three forms of institutional facilities for long-term care in the treatment of older adults?

Question 60

Why is Home Care a vital resource?

Question 61

What directions are important to consider in order to improve well-being and the quality of life of nursing home residents?

Question 62

What incentives and/or initiative might improve staff retention in personal care homes?