Deck 5: The Human Side of Business Research: Organizational and Ethical Issues

Question 1

Rushing into a research project may result in conducting a study that is not needed.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

If secrecy is a major concern, then it is best to use an outside research agency.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The issue as to whether the respondent in a research study can choose to answer or not to answer a specific question is a matter of confidentiality.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The obligation on the part of the researcher to protect the identity of an individual research respondent is a matter of confidentiality.

Question 5

A research analyst can effectively serve as a link between management and the research specialist.

Question 6

A good example of the business research concept in action is the use of cross-functional teams within the organization.

Question 7

Absolutism is a term that reflects the degree to which one rejects moral standards in favor of the acceptability of some action.

Question 8

A custom research provider specializes in only one particular research activity, such as field interviewing, data warehousing, or data processing.

Question 9

Researchers measure past, current, and future events.

Question 10

One advantage of using an outside agency to conduct research at cheaper costs.

Question 11

A syndicated service is a research supplier that provides standardized information for many clients in return for a fee.

Question 12

The use of spyware violates the right to privacy and confidentiality of Internet users.

Question 13

Being asked by a client to share information from research conducted for another client poses an ethical dilemma for researchers.

Question 14

Small research firms typically only have a director of marketing research and a research analyst.

Question 15

In most organizations, business research directors typically have a formalized role.

Question 16

A standardized research service provides a unique methodology for investigating a business specialty area like retail location.

Question 17

Often the term "client" is used by the research department to refer to line management for whom services are being performed.

Question 18

The manager of decision support systems supervises the collection and analysis of sales, inventory, and other periodic customer relationship management (CRM) data.

Question 19

One reason for an organization to hire an outside research agency is because an outside agency may have special skills that the company research department may not possess.

Question 20

Ethical questions are really philosophical questions.

Question 21

The terms sugging and frugging imply selling and fundraising under the guise of research.

Question 22

Which term is used to refer to the entity for whom research services are being performed?

A) doer
B) participant
C) intermediary
D) client

Question 23

All of the following are problems a research director typically faces EXCEPT _____.

A) spends more time in meetings and managing than actually conducting research
B) research management role often is not formally recognized
C) often does not have the tools available to conduct the research properly
D) research is often seen as a hodgepodge of techniques available to answer individual, unrelated questions

Question 24

Another name for a research assistant is _____.

A) junior analyst
B) research analyst
C) research vice president
D) account executive

Question 25

Caleb's job at a research firm is to provide technical assistance with questionnaire design. Which of the following best describes Caleb's job title?

A) director of research
B) research assistant
C) forecast analyst
D) research generalist

Question 26

Commercial providers of research services are called _____.

A) research suppliers
B) research generalists
C) research analysts
D) research syndicators

Question 27

An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is a committee that carefully reviews a proposed research design to try to make sure the proposed research will satisfy the research objectives.

Question 28

Which of the following errors become more prominent when research studies are rushed?

A) conducting a study that is not needed
B) addressing the wrong issue
C) sampling difficulties
D) all of these choices

Question 29

All of the following are advantages of in-house research EXCEPT _____.

A) quick turn-around
B) better collaboration with employees
C) more objectivity
D) cheaper costs

Question 30

Which of the following can effectively serve as a link between management and the research specialist?

A) marketing research director
B) research generalist
C) research assistant
D) research liaison

Question 31

A false experimental effect that is used to create the perception of a true experimental effect is called a placebo effect.

Question 32

A job posting for a research firm advertised it was looking for someone who can use SPSS software to forecast sales. What is this position typically called in a research firm?

A) forecast analyst
B) statistical analyst
C) research assistant
D) research analyst

Question 33

A breech of confidentiality occurs when one researcher works for two competing companies.

Question 34

Which position in a mid-sized research firm supervises the collection and analysis of sales, inventory, and other periodic customer relationship management (CRM) data?

A) director of marketing research
B) manager of decision support systems
C) research analyst
D) research assistant

Question 35

3-M Corporation puts together teams of employees from various functional areas such as engineering, production, finance, and marketing who share a common purpose, such as new-product development. These types of teams are referred to as _____.

A) cross-functional teams
B) syndicated teams
C) synergistic teams
D) focus groups

Question 36

Best Buy is expanding internationally, but the managers are concerned that they need to better understand a foreign market before entering it. The company has conducted research in-house in the United States, but it really doesn't have the capacity to conduct this type of research in other countries. Which of the following is the best reason for hiring an outside agency for this purpose?

A) An outside agency may have local expertise allowing it to specialize in research in a foreign market.
B) An outside agency can usually conduct research more quickly than doing it in-house.
C) An outside agency often can be more objective.
D) An outside agency is often more economical.

Question 37

Who is responsible for client contact, project design, preparation of proposals, selection of research suppliers, and supervision of data collection, analysis, and reporting activities?

A) director of business research
B) manager of decision support systems
C) research analyst
D) research vice president

Question 38

The purpose of a push poll is to push consumers into a pre-determined response.

Question 39

_____ teams are composed of individuals from various functional areas such as engineering, production, finance, and marketing who share a common purpose.

A) Specialized
B) Cross-functional
C) Hybrid
D) Task-oriented

Question 40

A possible advantage of an outside research supplier over an in-house research department is that it may be possible for the outside supplier to conduct the project _____.

A) more objectively
B) at a lower cost
C) faster
D) all of these choices

Question 41

A research firm has been hired by an attorney to undertake research that will support his client's defense in a legal dispute regarding whether or not the company can sell essentially the same product to different markets under a different name and charge higher prices in some markets. What type of research is the firm being asked to conduct?

A) push poll
B) advocacy research
C) confidentiality research
D) deceptive research

Question 42

Research firms that develop a unique methodology for investigating a business specialty area is referred to as a _____.

A) standardized research service
B) custom research service
C) focused research service
D) research intermediary

Question 43

Most universities require researchers to submit research proposals to a committee that carefully reviews them to make sure no harm can come to any research participant. What is this committee called?

A) human subjects review committee
B) experimental design review committee
C) ethical research review committee
D) confidentiality review committee

Question 44

When a respondent in a research study agrees to participate in the research study, this is known as _____.

A) a right to privacy
B) informed consent
C) jamming
D) forecasting

Question 45

Mary received a phone call asking her to participate in a research study on car insurance. However, after about four questions, the person on the phone went into a sales pitch and tried to get her to switch her car insurance to another company. What is this called?

A) conflict of interest
B) pitch polling
C) sugging
D) commercial research

Question 46

_____ is the application of morals to business behavior related to the exchange environment.

A) Moral relativism
B) Moral idealism
C) Business idealism
D) Business ethics

Question 47

Principles reflecting one's beliefs about what is ethical and unethical are called _____.

A) guiding principles
B) ethical imperatives
C) functional standards
D) moral standards

Question 48

Which of the following is a type of software that is placed on users' computers without consent or knowledge while using the Internet?

A) pop-ups
B) spyware
C) stealth file
D) COPPA

Question 49

Janice is participating in an experimental study of an herbal supplement that is supposed to give users more energy. Since starting the experiment, she has noticed that she has more energy, but in reality, she is just receiving a "blank" pill that does not contain the herbal supplement. What effect is Janice demonstrating?

A) false negative
B) type I error
C) type II error
D) placebo

Question 50

A research organization that specializes in studies about advertising effectiveness is an example of a(n) _____.

A) cross-functional team
B) standardized research service
C) research generalist
D) advocacy research organization

Question 51

When J.D. Power and Associates sells the results of its research studies on new-car satisfaction to automobile producers, J.D. Power is acting as a _____.

A) pseudo-research supplier
B) syndicated service
C) cross-functional team
D) custom research supplier

Question 52

Claire believes she is a moral person, but she does believe that it is acceptable to tell a lie in certain situations. Which of the following term best reflects Claire's beliefs?

A) relativism
B) idealism
C) situationalism
D) conformism

Question 53

Which term reflects the degree to which one bases one's morality on moral standards?

A) relativism
B) idealism
C) absolutism
D) conformism

Question 54

The session in which research subjects are fully informed and provided a chance to ask any question that they may have about the experiment is called a(n) _____.

A) wrap-up session
B) post-hoc session
C) debriefing session
D) placebo session

Question 55

One right a research participant has is that information involved in the research will not be shared with others, which is known as _____.

A) consent
B) active research
C) passive research
D) confidentiality

Question 56

When AT&T hires a research agency to conduct research tailored to it's unique needs, this is called _____.

A) custom research
B) syndicated research
C) limited research
D) commercial research

Question 57

Before participating in a research study, John was provided with information regarding the purpose of the study and was asked to sign a form agreeing to participate in the study. John has given _____ to participate in the study.

A) implicit consent
B) informed consent
C) ideal consent
D) voluntary consent

Question 58

A(n) _____ is a research supplier that provides standardized information for many clients in return for a fee.

A) full-service firm
B) boutique service
C) one-stop service
D) syndicated service

Question 59

Which of the following is generally considered to be a public place in which unobtrusive observation is not a serious invasion of privacy?

A) an airport check-in counter at Logan Airport in Boston
B) the St. Louis Art Museum
C) a Radio Shack retail store
D) all of these choices

Question 60

All of the following are questions used to determine whether the experimental procedures treat a research participant unethically EXCEPT _____.

A) Is the research subject subjected to substantial or psychological trauma?
B) Can the research subject be easily returned to his or her initial state?
C) Has the research subject provided consent to participate in an experiment?
D) Is the research participant informed of the purpose of the experiment prior to participating?

Question 61

_____ means that information involved in the research will not be shared with others.

Question 62

Mark is currently conducting research studies for Enterprise and Avis, two national rental car companies. In fact, Mark has conducted studies for two other rental car companies in the past five years. Mark's actions represent a potential _____.

A) illegal situation
B) advocacy situation
C) push poll
D) conflict of interest

Question 63

A(n) _____ refers to a situation in which one chooses from alternative courses of actions, each with different ethical implications.

Question 64

A session in which research subjects are fully informed and provided a chance to ask any questions that they may have about an experiment is called a(n) _____ session.

Question 65

A research firm has been hired by an attorney to undertake research that will support his client's defense in a legal dispute. What type of research is the firm being asked to conduct?

A) push poll
B) advocacy research
C) confidentiality research
D) deceptive research

Question 66

A research supplier that provides standardized information for many different clients (such as different automobile manufacturers) is known as a(n) ______ research service.

Question 67

A individual within the research organization who acts as a "go-between" between management and the research specialist because he or she is an expert in the needs of both parties is known as a ______.

Question 68

When a research supplier designs a research study that is tailored to the needs of the client, this is known as a(n) ______ research study.

Question 69

In a personal interview, a respondent who replies: "I do not want to answer that question about my income last year" is exercising which right in a research study?

A) right to privacy
B) right to be informed
C) right of informed consent
D) right to terminate the interview at any time

Question 70

When an organization's research department refers to the managers for whom it is performing research services, it is common to refer to the manager as the department's ______.

Question 71

When a political candidate has staff workers phone registered voters of another party to ask a leading and negative question about his opposing candidate, this is a form of _____.

A) a push poll
B) advocacy research
C) a research supplier
D) a cross-functional team

Question 72

A research organization that develops a unique methodology for studying a specialty area (such as brand-name evaluation) is called a(n) ______ research service.

Question 73

An individual that is responsible for contacting clients, designing research projects, preparing research proposals, selecting research suppliers, and supervising data collection, analysis, and reporting activities is commonly referred to as a ______.

Question 74

_____ is a term that reflects the degree to which one bases one's morality on moral standards.

Question 75

Teams that are composed of representatives of research, new product development, production, and finance to study the feasibility of the national launch of a new product are knows as _____ teams.

Question 76

The attempt to decide what is "right" and what is "wrong" in the conduct of business research studies is called ________.

Question 77

When research is performed by employees of the company that will benefit from the research, it is called _____ research.

Question 78

A(n) _____ occurs when one researcher works for two competing companies.

A) breech of confidentiality
B) ethical violation
C) conflict of interest
D) legal conflict

Question 79

A commercial research company that conducts research for clients is known as a(n) ______.

Question 80

An employee who provides technical assistance such as running computer programs and manipulating data to generate a sales forecast is called a(n) _____.