Deck 1: What Is Statistics

Question 1

(i. There are two types of variables-quantitative and qualitative. (ii) A Qualitative variable is nonnumeric and we are usually interested in the number or percent of the observations from each category.
(iii) Qualitative variables can be further divided into discrete and continuous variables.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).

Answer 1

(i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).

Question 2

The main purpose of descriptive statistics is to:

A) Summarize data in a useful and informative manner.
B) Make inferences about a population.
C) Determine if the data adequately represents the population.
D) Gather or collect data.

Answer 2

Summarize data in a useful and informative manner.

Question 3

Which word is NOT part of the definition of descriptive statistics?

A) Organizing
B) Analyzing
C) Presenting
D) Predicting

Answer 3

Predicting

Question 4

Colleen Waite, Director of General Canadian Sales, is concerned by a downward sales trend. Specifically, their customer base is stable at 2,200, but they are purchasing less each year. She orders her staff to search for causes of the downward trend by selecting a focus group of 50 customers.

A) The 2,200 customers represent a sample.
B) The 2,200 customers represent a population.
C) The 2,200 customers represent an inferential statistic.
D) The 2,200 customers represent a census.

Question 5

(i. The general process of gathering, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called (ii) The general process of analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called
(iii) The subset of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest is called

A) (i) statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
B) (i) descriptive statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a sample.
C) (i) inferential statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
D) (i) statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a sample.
E) (i) statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a population.

Question 6

(i. There are two types of variables-quantitative and qualitative. (ii) A Qualitative variable is nonnumeric and we are usually interested in the number or percent of the observations from each category.
(iii) Quantitative variables can be further divided into discrete and continuous variables.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) Only statement (ii) is true.

Question 7

What is a portion or part of a population called?

A) Random sample
B) Sample
C) Tally
D) Frequency distribution

Question 8

(i. The general process of gathering, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called (ii) The general process of analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called
(iii) The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest is called

A) (i) statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
B) (i) descriptive statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a sample.
C) (i) inferential statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
D) (i) statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a sample.
E) (i) statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a population.

Question 9

The general process of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an informative way is called

A) Statistics.
B) Descriptive statistics.
C) Inferential statistics.
D) Levels of measurement.

Question 10

What type of data is the projected return on an investment?

A) Qualitative
B) Continuous
C) Attribute
D) Discrete

Question 11

A marketing class of 50 students evaluated the instructor using the following scale: superior, good, average, poor, and inferior. The descriptive summary showed the following survey results: 42% superior, 28% good, 25% average, 5% poor, and 0% inferior.

A) The instructor's performance was great!!!
B) The instructor's performance was inferior.
C) Most students rated the instructor as poor or average.
D) No conclusions can be made.

Question 12

When TV advertisements report that "2 out of 3 dentists surveyed indicated they would recommend Brand X toothpaste to their patients," an informed consumer may question the conclusion because:

A) The results were incorrectly computed.
B) Dentists were not really surveyed.
C) The conclusion does not include the total number of dentists surveyed.
D) The conclusion is not illustrated with a graph.

Question 13

(i. The general process of gathering, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called (ii) The general process of analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called
(iii) If we test a small number of light bulbs from a large group, the small group is called a

A) (i) statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
B) (i) descriptive statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a sample.
C) (i) inferential statistics, (ii) descriptive statistics, and (iii) a population.
D) (i) statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a sample.
E) (i) statistics, (ii) inferential statistics, and (iii) a population.

Question 14

The general process of gathering, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called

A) Statistics.
B) Descriptive statistics.
C) Inferential statistics.
D) Levels of measurement.

Question 15

Colleen Waite, Director of General Canadian Sales, is concerned by a downward sales trend. Specifically, their customer base is stable at 2,200, but they are purchasing less each year. She orders her staff to search for causes of the downward trend by selecting a focus group of 50 customers.

A) The focus group of 50 customers represents a sample.
B) The focus group of 50 customers represents a population.
C) The focus group of 50 customers represents an inferential statistic.
D) The focus group of 50 customers represents a census.

Question 16

The general process of gathering, organizing, summarizing, analyzing, and interpreting data is called

A) Statistics.
B) Descriptive statistics.
C) Inferential statistics.
D) Levels of measurement.

Question 17

What type of data is the number of robberies reported in your city?

A) Attribute
B) Continuous
C) Discrete
D) Qualitative

Question 18

A marketing class of 50 students evaluated the instructor using the following scale: superior, good, average, poor, and inferior. The descriptive summary showed the following survey results: 2% superior, 8% good, 45% average, 45% poor, and 0% inferior.

A) The instructor's performance was great!!!
B) The instructor's performance was inferior.
C) Most students rated the instructor as poor or average.
D) No conclusions can be made.

Question 19

What type of data is the number of litres of gasoline pumped by a filling station during a day?

A) Qualitative
B) Continuous
C) Attribute
D) Discrete

Question 20

The general process of analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is called

A) Statistics.
B) Descriptive statistics.
C) Inferential statistics.
D) Levels of measurement.

Question 21

If Gallup, Harris and other pollsters asked people to indicate their political party affiliation-Liberal, Conservative or NDP, the data gathered would be an example of which scale of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 22

What type of data is the amount of income tax that you have paid?

A) Mutually exhaustive
B) Continuous
C) Discrete
D) Qualitative

Question 23

A questionnaire contained a question regarding marital status. The respondent checked single, married, divorced, separated or widowed. What is the scale of measurement for this question?

A) Ratio
B) Interval
C) Ordinal
D) Nominal

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of attribute data?

A) Number of children in a family
B) Weight of a person
C) Colour of ink in a pen
D) Miles between oil changes

Question 25

If unemployment is 5.5% of the population, what is this level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval or ratio
D) Descriptive

Question 26

What level of measurement is the number of auto accidents reported in a given month?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 27

The Equal Employment Opportunity Act requires employers to classify their employees by gender and national origin. Which level of measurement is this?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 28

A survey reports consumers' preferred brands of dish soap. What type of data is this called?

A) Quantitative
B) Continuous
C) Discrete
D) Qualitative

Question 29

Your height and weight are examples of which type of random variable?

A) Discrete
B) Continuous
C) Mutually exclusive
D) Qualitative

Question 30

The incomes of a group of 50 loan applicants are obtained. Which level of measurement is income?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 31

Which one of the following statistics is NOT an example of discrete data?

A) Number of households watching Canadian Idol.
B) Number of employees reporting in sick.
C) Distance traveled between Toronto and Ottawa.
D) Number of members of the York Region Lions Club.
E) Number of family members.

Question 32

The names of the positions on a hockey team, such as forward and defence, are examples of what level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 33

What level of measurement are the Centigrade and Fahrenheit temperature scales?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 34

A bank asks customers to evaluate the drive-thru service as to good, average, or poor. Which level of measurement is this classification?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of continuous data?

A) Family income
B) Number of students in a statistics class
C) Postal codes of shoppers
D) Rankings of baseball teams in a league

Question 36

A market researcher is interested in determining the average income for families in York Region, Ontario. To accomplish this, he takes a random sample of 200 families from the region and uses the data gathered to estimate the average income for families of the entire region. This process is an example of _______.

A) descriptive statistics
B) inferential statistics
C) mutually exclusive statistics
D) qualitative
E) parametric methods

Question 37

The members of each basketball team wear numbers on the back of their jerseys. What scale of measurement are these numbers considered?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 38

A survey reports consumers' preferred hair colour. What type of data is this called?

A) Attribute or Qualitative
B) Continuous
C) Discrete
D) Quantitative

Question 39

Respondents were asked, "Do you now earn more than or less than you did five years ago?" What is this level of measurement?

A) Interval
B) Ratio
C) Nominal
D) Ordinal

Question 40

(i. There are two types of variables-quantitative and qualitative. (ii) A Qualitative variable is nonnumeric and we are usually interested in the number or percent of the observations from each category.
(iii) Quantitative variables can be further divided into discrete and continuous variables.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).

Question 41

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Which two of the variables are considered to be quantitative rather than qualitative?

A) gender and marital status
B) age and credit rating
C) gender and annual income
D) annual income and age

Question 42

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Label the variable annual income as qualitative or quantitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

A) qualitative, discrete, nominal
B) qualitative, continuous, Ordinal
C) quantitative, discrete, nominal
D) quantitative, continuous, ratio

Question 43

What level of measurement is a bar code?

A) Ratio
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Nominal

Question 44

Shoe sizes, such as 7B, 10D and 12EEE, are examples of what level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 45

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Label the variable credit rating as qualitative or quantitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

A) qualitative, continuous, nominal
B) qualitative, discrete, ordinal
C) quantitative, discrete, nominal
D) quantitative, continuous, ratio

Question 46

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Which two variables are considered to be continuous rather than discrete?

A) gender and marital status
B) age and credit rating
C) gender and annual income
D) annual income and age

Question 47

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Label the variable gender as qualitative or quantitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

A) qualitative, discrete, nominal
B) qualitative, continuous, Ordinal
C) quantitative, discrete, nominal
D) quantitative, continuous, ratio

Question 48

What level of measurement is the price of an admission ticket to a movie theater?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 49

The Nielsen Ratings break down the number of people watching a particular television show by age. Age is what level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 50

A group of women tried five brands of hair spray and ranked them according to preference. What level of measurement is this?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 51

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Label the variable marital status as qualitative or quantitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

A) qualitative, discrete, nominal
B) qualitative, continuous, Ordinal
C) quantitative, discrete, nominal
D) quantitative, continuous, ratio

Question 52

When we make an estimate or prediction, we use ________________ techniques.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) descriptive
D) inferential

Question 53

Which of the following three statements are true? (i) Statistics is defined as a body of techniques used to facilitate the collection, organization, presentation, analysis and interpretation of information for the purpose of making better decisions.
(ii. The order that runners finish in a race would be an example of continuous data.
(iii) The principal difference between the interval and ratio scale is that the ratio scale has a meaningful zero point.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).

Question 54

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Label the variable age as qualitative or quantitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

A) qualitative, discrete, nominal
B) qualitative, continuous, Ordinal
C) quantitative, discrete, nominal
D) quantitative, continuous, ratio

Question 55

(i. If we select 100 persons out of 25,000 registered voters and question them about candidates and issues, the 100 persons are referred to as the population. (ii) The order that runners finish in a race would be an example of continuous data.
(iii) Qualitative data are usually summarized in graphs and bar charts.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (iii) only is correct.

Question 56

A company was studying the demographics of their customers. As part of the study they collected the following variables: gender, marital status, credit rating (low, medium, high), annual income, and age. Which three variables are considered to be qualitative rather than quantitative?

A) gender, age, and marital status
B) annual income, age, and credit rating
C) credit rating, gender, and marital status
D) gender, annual income, and age

Question 57

Your height and weight are examples of which level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 58

The collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting of data is called ____________________.

A) discrete information
B) sample information
C) descriptive information
D) statistics

Question 59

The final rankings of the top 20 NCAA college basketball teams are an example of which level of measurement?

A) Nominal
B) Ordinal
C) Interval
D) Ratio

Question 60

The branch of statistics which does not involve generalizations is called ________________.

A) discrete statistics
B) sample statistics
C) descriptive statistics
D) inferential statistics

Question 61

PlayTime Toys Inc. employs 50 people in the Assembly Department. Forty of the employees belong to a union and 10 do not. Five employees are selected at random to form a committee to meet with management regarding shift starting times. Would the 50 employees be considered a population or a sample?

A) population
B) sample

Question 62

Among the many classes held at your college or university, your statistics class has been selected for a study. This one class is referred to as a ______________.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) census
D) population

Question 63

The Shell station on Portage Ave in Winnipeg is studying the number of litres of fuel that are sold on each day of the week. Records are available for the past year. Is the variable 'number of litres' discrete or continuous?

A) discrete
B) continuous

Question 64

Categorizing students as freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors is an example of the ______________ level of measurement.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 65

PlayTime Toys Inc. employs 50 people in the Assembly Department. Forty of the employees belong to a union and 10 do not. Five employees are selected at random to form a committee to meet with management regarding shift starting times. Would the 5 selected employees be considered a population or a sample?

A) population
B) sample

Question 66

The branch of statistics from which we draw conclusions from sample data is called _________________ statistics.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) descriptive
D) inferential

Question 67

The Shell station on Portage Ave in Winnipeg is studying the number of litres of fuel that are sold on each day of the week. Records are available for the past year. How can the variable 'number of litres' be best described?

A) Discrete
B) Continuous
C) Qualitative
D) Census
E) Nominal

Question 68

The branch of statistics in which data is collected, analyzed and presented in a concise format is called _____________ statistics.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) descriptive
D) inferential

Question 69

A variable that can have any value within a specific range is called _________________.

A) discrete
B) continuous
C) census
D) population

Question 70

If we test a small number of light bulbs from a large group, the small group is called a ______________.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) descriptive
D) population

Question 71

The prime rate of interest is an example of a(n) __________________ level of measurement.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 72

The "lowest" level of measurement is _____________.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 73

Ranked data is an example of a(n) _______________ level of measurement.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 74

The "highest" level of measurement is ________________.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 75

The lowest level of measurement that has some sort of ranking is ____________.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 76

The total group being studied is called the __________________.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) census
D) population

Question 77

The Shell station on Portage Ave in Winnipeg is studying the number of litres of fuel that are sold on each day of the week. Records are available for the past year. How can the variable 'number of litres' be best described?

A) Discrete
B) Quantitative
C) Qualitative
D) Census
E) Nominal

Question 78

The collection of all possible objects of interest is referred to as the ______________.

A) discrete
B) sample
C) census
D) population

Question 79

The number of workers reporting sick in any particular week is considered to be _______________ data.

A) discrete
B) continuous
C) census
D) population