Deck 1: Drug Use and Abuse: General Issues

Question 1

The field of ___________ is concerned with all information about the effects of drugs on living systems.

A)pharmacology
B)psychopharmacology
C)biochemistry
D)biopsychology

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Calling morphine an opiate is an example of classification by ___________.

A)site of drug action
B)chemical structure
C)mechanism of action
D)origin

Answer 2

D

Question 3

When it is classified by ___________,amphetamines are known as appetite-suppressant drugs.

A)origin
B)therapeutic use
C)site of drug action
D)chemical structure

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The consensus definition of drug abuse arrived at by Rinaldi et al.centers on ___________.

A)withdrawal
B)tolerance
C)consequences of drug use behavior
D)societal mores

Question 5

The field of pharmacology is allied with ___________.

A)physics
B)biochemistry
C)physiology
D)all of these
E)biochemistry and physiology

Question 6

Respondents in the U.S.National Survey on Drug Use and Health are ___________.

A)all ages
B)12 years of age or older
C)18 years of age or older
D)21 years of age or older

Question 7

According to the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health,___________ of 18-25-year-old respondents reported at least one instance of illicit drug use in the past year.

A)less than 10%
B)between 10% and 25%
C)between 25% and 50%
D)more than 50%

Question 8

According to the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health,___________.

A)cigarettes are the most commonly used drugs
B)illicit drug use dramatically decreased in 2002 and 2003
C)men were more likely than women to report illicit drug use in the past month
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 9

According to the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health,___________ is the most commonly used illicit drug.

A)alcohol
B)cocaine
C)nicotine
D)marijuana

Question 10

Which of the following racial/ethnic differences were found in the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health?

A)Blacks showed the highest prevalence of illicit drug use in the last month.
B)Whites reported more prevalent alcohol use than Hispanics.
C)Blacks reported less prevalent alcohol use than whites.
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 11

Why is alcohol and drug use in the United States important?

A)because of the controversy that drugs create
B)because of the number of people who use alcohol or drugs
C)because of the negative consequences of drug use
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 12

Which of the following are pharmacological factors that help us to understand the drug experience?

A)the individual's genetic make-up
B)the physical environment where the drug is taken
C)the route of drug administration
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 13

The barbiturates are examples of a group of drugs that is classified by ___________.

A)chemical structure
B)mechanism of action
C)origin
D)therapeutic use

Question 14

In pharmacology,a(n)___________ is a chemically inactive substance.

A)placebo
B)psychoactive drug
C)analgesic
D)endorphin

Question 15

The ___________ is an important element of the drug experience because it affects how much of a drug reaches its site of action and how quickly it gets there.

A)drug dosage
B)psychological set of the user
C)route of administration
D)setting in which the drug is used

Question 16

___________ drugs are those that affect moods,thinking,and behavior.

A)psychoaffective
B)psychoactive
C)psychotropic
D)psychophysiological

Question 17

___________ refers to the general occurrence of an event,usually expressed in terms of percentage of some population.

A)Incidence
B)Dependence
C)Prevalence
D)none of these

Question 18

Which of the following is not a basis for classifying drugs?

A)street name
B)therapeutic use
C)mechanism of action
D)origin
E)all of these are bases for classification of drugs

Question 19

Which of the following factors is not thought to contribute to the drug experience?

A)pharmacological factors
B)gender
C)setting of drug use
D)all of these affect the drug experience

Question 20

An agent that ___________ is not part of the World Health Organization's definition of drug.

A)is a chemical entity or mixture of entities
B)alters biological function
C)is not necessary for maintenance of normal health
D)is illegal
E)may alter biological structure

Question 21

The ________ hypothesis is that one result of repeated use of a drug in interaction with environmental factors is changes in the brain neural pathways that may heighten the reward value of the drug.

A)tolerance
B)biological
C)sensitization
D)psychoactive

Question 22

Which of the following is a pattern of behavior characterized by compulsive drug use as evidenced in overwhelming involvement with the use of a drug,obtaining an adequate supply of it,and a strong tendency in resuming use of it after stopping for a period?

A)tolerance
B)withdrawal
C)craving
D)addiction

Question 23

Research has indicated that there does not appear to be a link between ___________ use and crime.

A)alcohol
B)cocaine
C)barbiturates
D)marijuana

Question 24

Which organization developed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?

A)World Health Organization
B)American Psychiatric Association
C)American Psychological Association
D)American Medical Association

Question 25

Survey studies are seriously flawed because they do not attempt to select people who are representative of the United States population as a whole.

Question 26

In medicine,a number of symptoms that occur together and characterize a specific illness or disease is known as a ___________.

A)complex
B)simplex
C)syndrome
D)synergism

Question 27

Political context and the general population's attitudes have a great effect on the definition of drug abuse.

Question 28

Placebos are a common type of stimulant.

Question 29

According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health,cigarettes (nicotine)are the most commonly used drugs in the United States.

Question 30

Which of the following is true about the diagnosis of substance-related dependence and abuse in DSM-IV?

A)A person may be diagnosed with both dependence and abuse of a given substance.
B)Separate symptoms have been listed for each individual drug type.
C)The criteria for substance-related abuse center on consequences in several life areas.
D)All of these are true.
E)None of these are true.

Question 31

The effects of a drug may vary between users because of the users' expectations.

Question 32

Which of the following does not contribute to alcohol and drug abuse costs as measured in cost of illness studies?

A)motor vehicle crashes
B)value of lost productivity
C)direct treatment costs
D)crime-related costs
E)All of these contribute to these figures.

Question 33

Prevalence refers to the number of first-time occurrences of some event during some time period.

Question 34

Which of the following is true of multiple drug use?

A)It can involve the use of alcohol and one or more other drugs.
B)It can involve taking different drugs in sequence in order to move from one drug experience to another.
C)It can result in dangerous interaction effects.
D)all of these

Question 35

If ___________ to a drug develops,the individual must consume increasing amounts of it to achieve a desired drug effect.

A)withdrawal
B)tolerance
C)dependence
D)rebound effects

Question 36

Individuals in long-term hospitals were not included in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Question 37

The costs of alcohol and drug abuse in the United States can be measured in the ___________ of dollars.

A)hundreds of thousands
B)millions
C)billions
D)No estimate is possible.

Question 38

Which of the following is true about drug use and crime?

A)Crimes committed by heroin addicts are typically violent and are brought about because of the effects of the drug.
B)Most crimes associated with alcohol are assaultive.
C)Drug use causes crime.
D)With regard to all drug use,the use of hallucinogens shows the strongest association with crime.

Question 39

Calling amphetamines "speed" is an example of drug classification by therapeutic use.

Question 40

Which of the following countries reported the highest lifetime rate of alcohol use in the Vega et al.(2002)analysis of international survey results?

A)Canada
B)the United States
C)the Netherlands
D)Mexico

Question 41

Tolerance refers to the ability to take more of a drug in order to achieve a better high.

Question 42

It is felt that the newest version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual,DSM-IV,will be the final one.

Question 43

One advantage to the sale of prescription drugs on the Internet is that it is easy for officials to track these sales.

Question 44

Economic cost of illness studies pay particular attention to the psychological costs of substance abuse.

Question 45

Differences in drug use patterns between demographic groups are thought to reflect innate,biological differences.

Question 46

According to the 2006 and 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health,12-17 year-olds were more likely to use marijuana within two hours of alcohol use than were individuals who were over 25 years old.

Question 47

According to the Vega et al.(2002)data on lifetime use of illicit drugs,Mexico reported rates comparable to those reported in the United States.

Question 48

Illicit drug use involves the use of legal substances.

Question 49

The term "withdrawal" refers to a definable illness that occurs with a cessation or decrease in use of a drug.

Question 50

A diagnosis of drug dependence in DSM-IV requires that tolerance and withdrawal be observed.

Question 51

It is possible to relieve a person's withdrawal symptoms from a drug by administering the same drug.