Deck 11: Blood

Question 1

The cells from which white blood cells are derived are called

A)hemocytes.
B)hemocytoblasts.
C)megakaryoblasts.
D)erythroblasts.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Males generally have higher RBC counts than females because:

A)Males are more likely to have anemia.
B)Males have a greater amount of muscle tissue and need extra oxygen carrying ability.
C)Females only make blood cells in their liver, while adults use both liver and bone marrow.
D)All of the above.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A decrease in blood oxygen increases the release of ________ from kidneys and liver, and it stimulates the production of ________ by red bone marrow.

A)folic acid; leukocytes
B)erythropoietin; erythrocytes
C)erythropoietin; leukocytes
D)folic acid; erythrocytes

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Antibodies that attack pathogens are produced by

A)neutrophils.
B)monocytes.
C)T lymphocytes.
D)B lymphocytes.

Question 5

Worn-out red blood cells are removed from circulation by the _________ and ___________.

A)liver; spleen
B)spleen; kidneys
C)liver; kidneys
D)kidneys; thymus gland

Question 6

In a given volume of blood, about ________% is plasma and ________% is formed elements.

A)45; 55
B)50; 50
C)55; 45
D)60; 40

Question 7

The normal level for hematocrit in females is

A)38%.
B)42%.
C)40%.
D)54%.

Question 8

________ are the blood cells that help provide a defense against disease organisms.

A)Leukocytes
B)Platelets
C)Erythrocytes
D)Both leukocytes and erythrocytes

Question 9

________ are leukocytes that neutralize histamine and destroy parasitic worms.

A)Eosinophils
B)Basophils
C)Monocytes
D)Lymphocytes

Question 10

________ are leukocytes that migrate into tissues and become macrophages.

A)Neutrophils
B)Basophils
C)Monocytes
D)Lymphocytes

Question 11

___________ accounts for approximately 60% of the plasma proteins and are active in maintaining pH and osmotic concentration gradients.

A)Fibrinogen
B)Globulin
C)Albumin
D)Fibrin

Question 12

The hemoglobin within erythrocytes plays a major role in the transport of ________ by the blood.

A)carbon dioxide
B)hydrogen ions
C)hormones
D)oxygen

Question 13

________ form a temporary plug to stop bleeding in a broken blood vessel.

A)Neutrophils
B)Platelets
C)Monocytes
D)Basophils

Question 14

Polycythemia is a condition characterized by the excessive production of _________.

A)platelets
B)leukocytes
C)erythrocytes
D)all of these choices are correct

Question 15

The nutrient(s) required for the production of hemoglobin include

A)iron.
B)folic acid.
C)vitamin B₁₂.
D)all of these choices are correct

Question 16

Within plasma, the transport of non-protein nitrogen substances is important for the

A)removal of waste products.
B)maintenance of white blood cells.
C)maintenance of electrolytes.
D)regulation of osmosis.

Question 17

Mature ________ are the most abundant of the formed elements.

A)erythrocytes
B)platelets
C)neutrophils
D)lymphocytes

Question 18

_________ that migrate into tissues become mast cells, which release _________ in allergic reactions.

A)Neutrophils; heparin
B)Eosinophils; antibodies
C)Basophils; histamine
D)Monocytes; heparin

Question 19

The ion required for coagulation is ________.

A)Na⁺
B)K⁺
C)Cl^-
D)Ca²⁺

Question 20

A large majority of the proteins found in plasma are produced by the __________.

A)spleen
B)liver
C)kidneys
D)lungs

Question 21

A complete blood cell count that reveals an unusually high number of WBCs might indicate ____________.

A)thrombocytopenia
B)leukemia
C)mononucleosis
D)polycythemia

Question 22

In a blood transfusion, one must consider the ________ of the donor and the _______ of the recipient.

A)antibodies; antigens
B)antigens; antibodies
C)antibodies; antibodies
D)antigens; antigens

Question 23

The protein responsible for helping break down clots after they are no longer needed is _______________.

A)albumin
B)tissue plasminogen activator
C)prothrombin activator
D)hemoglobin

Question 24

A person with blood type AB possesses ________ on the plasma membrane of his/her erythrocytes.

A)antigens A and B
B)antibodies a and b
C)no blood typing antigens or antibodies
D)none of these choices are correct

Question 25

A person with B+ blood is likely to have which antibodies in their blood plasma?

A)Anti-B, Anti-Rh
B)Anti-A, Anti-Rh
C)Anti-B only
D)Anti-A only

Question 26

Hemoglobin contains _____, a protein combined with an iron-containing pigment called _____.

A)globin; heme
B)collagen; globin
C)heme; globin
D)hematocrit; heme

Question 27

Which is the most common white blood cell?

A)basophil
B)lymphocyte
C)monocyte
D)neutrophil

Question 28

Which of the following white blood cells is an agranulocyte?

A)monocyte
B)basophil
C)neutrophil
D)eosinophil

Question 29

A woman with Rh- blood does not have anti-Rh antibodies in her blood unless

A)she has had a previous blood transfusion.
B)her husband is Rh+.
C)she has had an Rh+ child.
D)Rh+ erythrocytes have previously been introduced into her blood.

Question 30

The preferred blood type for transfusing to a person with blood type A Rh- is ________, but when it is unavailable, blood type(s) _________ may be used.

A)A Rh-; A Rh+
B)A Rh+; AB Rh-
C)A Rh-; O Rh-
D)A Rh+; O Rh-, O Rh+

Question 31

The enzyme ________ converts fibrinogen into strands of ________, which form a blood clot.

A)thromboplastin; thrombin
B)prothrombin activator; fibrin
C)prostaglandin; prothrombin
D)thrombin; fibrin

Question 32

Which of the following formed element has a typical count of 4,500-10,000 per $\mu$ l?

A)lymphocytes
B)thrombocytes
C)WBCs
D)anti-Rh antibodies

Question 33

Two organs that help detect low blood cell numbers and produce hormones to correct this are the ___________ and ___________.

A)liver and spleen
B)bone marrow and gall bladder
C)kidney and liver
D)brainstem and heart

Question 34

The D antigen is also known as ___________.

A)Rh
B)O
C)B
D)A

Question 35

A piece of a clot that moves from where it formed and can block another vessel elsewhere is termed _________.

A)thrombus
B)thrombocyte
C)embolus
D)embocyte

Question 36

The most abundant chemical in plasma is ___________.

A)carbon dioxide
B)globulins
C)water
D)albumin

Question 37

When incompatible blood types are mixed, the clumping that occurs is termed ___________.

A)agglutination
B)hemolysis
C)sickling
D)erythroblastosis

Question 38

Which of the following is the correct sequence of clotting proteins?

A)Fibrin, thrombin, prothrombin, fibrinogen.
B)Fibrinogen, fibrin, prothrombin, thrombin.
C)Prothrombin, thrombin, prothrombin activator, fibrin.
D)Prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin.

Question 39

Platelets become sticky and adhere to each other when exposed to:

A)fibrinogen.
B)collagen in connective tissues.
C)positively charged endothelial cells.
D)heparin.