Deck 22: Aging: a Vital Process

Question 1

Which of the following is most characteristic of retirement?

A)meeting deadlines
B)trying to find enough leisure time
C)needing to learn how to enjoy leisure time
D)seeking competition

Answer 1

needing to learn how to enjoy leisure time

Question 2

Juan is in his late teens.To help him with the aging process,he should

A)assess his financial status.
B)reevaluate his health insurance plans.
C)establish good health habits.
D)develop important relationships.

Answer 2

establish good health habits.

Question 3

Rapid decision-making and problem-solving ability is most accurately called

A)fluid intelligence.
B)common sense.
C)solid intelligence.
D)critical thinking.

Answer 3

fluid intelligence.

Question 4

To reduce stress in your life as you age,it is a good idea to

A)consider an illness as a message to reevaluate your lifestyle.
B)obtain adequate sleep throughout life.
C)practice relaxation techniques regularly.
D)avoid overworking.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 5

Changes in body structure that result from the passage of time are called _______________ aging.

A)sociological
B)psychological
C)biological
D)chronological

Question 6

Regular physical exercise contributes to healthy aging by enhancing all of the following,EXCEPT

A)lung capacity.
B)hearing ability.
C)fluid intelligence.
D)immune functioning.

Question 7

Women are more likely to be at a financial disadvantage during retirement than are men.Which one of the following is NOT a contributing factor?

A)Women have,on average,lower lifetime incomes than men.
B)Women are less likely to be covered by pension plans.
C)Women are less likely to develop chronic conditions that are not covered by health insurance.
D)Women are less likely to invest in retirement plans.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of regular physical activity?

A)prevention against osteoporosis
B)increased bone fractures caused by increased bone mass
C)increased effectiveness of the immune system
D)maintenance of flexibility and balance

Question 9

Jane is 32.At this stage in her life,which one of the following will help her with the aging process? She should

A)assess her financial status.
B)reevaluate health insurance plans.
C)establish good health habits.
D)develop important relationships.

Question 10

Which of the following steps should individuals undertake in their fifties to help them with the aging process? They should

A)reevaluate their health insurance plans.
B)establish good health habits.
C)develop important relationships.
D)assess their financial status.

Question 11

A disease in which the fluid inside the eye is under abnormally high pressure and can lead to blindness is

A)glaucoma.
B)cataracts.
C)conjunctivitis.
D)presbyopia.

Question 12

Cells that are undifferentiated and can develop into many different specific cell types are _______________ cells.

A)brain
B)stem
C)nerve
D)heart

Question 13

Age-related loss of muscle mass,strength,and function is called

A)osteoporosis.
B)glaucoma.
C)sarcopenia.
D)arthritis.

Question 14

Which of the following is a sign of potential alcohol or drug dependence in older adults?

A)depression
B)unexplained falls
C)malnutrition
D)unexplained falls and malnutrition
E)All of these choices are signs of potential alcohol or drug dependence in older adults.

Question 15

Individuals in their forties should undertake which one of the following to help them with the aging process? They should

A)develop important relationships.
B)reevaluate their health insurance plans.
C)establish good health habits.
D)assess their financial status.

Question 16

The hollow ball of cells from which embryonic stem cells are usually harvested is referred to as a(n)

A)zygote.
B)blastocyst.
C)embryo.
D)fetus.

Question 17

Joelene exercises on a regular basis.She can expect all of the following to happen,EXCEPT

A)weight management.
B)maintenance of flexibility.
C)protection against heart attack.
D)increased susceptibility to depression.

Question 18

All of the following are TRUE about older adults,EXCEPT they

A)tend to have lower blood pressure.
B)are more susceptible to foodborne illness.
C)have less ability to metabolize alcohol.
D)should be regularly tested for glaucoma.

Question 19

Cigarette smoking is linked to all of the following,EXCEPT

A)osteoporosis.
B)skin wrinkling.
C)muscle atrophy.
D)premature balding.

Question 20

Studies of healthy people indicate that functioning of the human body remains essentially constant until

A)after age 70.
B)after age 60.
C)after age 50.
D)age 40.

Question 21

Symptoms related to menopause may include

A)increased sexual desire.
B)excessive energy.
C)mood swings.
D)intellectual deterioration.

Question 22

The type of arthritis that typically affects the hands and weight-bearing joints of the knees,ankles,and hips is

A)rheumatoid arthritis.
B)lupus.
C)osteoarthritis.
D)muscular arthritis.

Question 23

Which of the following methods is the ONLY certain way of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease?

A)blood tests
B)MRI
C)autopsy
D)CT scan

Question 24

It often takes ________ or more to resolve the grief associated with losing a loved one.

A)3 months
B)6 months
C)9 months
D)1-2 years

Question 25

The first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are

A)forgetfulness and inability to concentrate.
B)confusion or disorientation.
C)aggressive behavior and depression.
D)change in personality and hallucinations.

Question 26

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by all of the following,EXCEPT

A)breakdown of the system that produced acetylcholine.
B)destruction of brain tissue from small strokes.
C)formation of tangles in affected neurons.
D)formation of amyloid plaques between neurons.

Question 27

The most serious potential consequence of menopause is

A)memory loss.
B)joint discomfort.
C)bone fractures.
D)tooth decay.

Question 28

The slow disintegration of the tissue at the center of the retina is known as

A)glaucoma.
B)cataracts.
C)macular degeneration.
D)presbyopia.

Question 29

Of the following,who is at risk for developing glaucoma?

A)a person with a family history of the disease
B)any person over the age of 60
C)African Americans over the age of 40
D)a person with a family history of the disease and any person over the age of 60
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 30

Which of the following is a good lifelong strategy for reducing the effects of osteoporosis?

A)Avoid alcohol use.
B)Avoid exercise.
C)Avoid tobacco use.
D)Avoid overexposure to the sun.

Question 31

Typical symptoms of unresolved grief include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)hostility toward those connected with the death.
B)talking about the death as if it were "just yesterday."
C)unrealistic behavior (for example,giving away all of one's belongings).
D)manic behavior.

Question 32

John has developed the first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.On average,how long can his family expect he will survive after the onset of these symptoms?

A)15 years
B)10 years
C)8 years
D)4 years

Question 33

The gradual decline in the ability to focus on nearby objects that occurs as people age is called

A)cataracts.
B)presbyopia.
C)macular degeneration.
D)glaucoma.

Question 34

Which of the following is a warning sign of arthritis?

A)tenderness
B)early morning stiffness
C)swelling
D)early morning stiffness and swelling
E)All of these choices are warning signs of arthritis.

Question 35

Denise is 52 years old and beginning menopause.Which of the following would NOT be a symptom of her condition?

A)hot flashes
B)irregular periods
C)vaginal dryness
D)irregular periods and vaginal dryness
E)All of these choices are symptoms of her condition.

Question 36

A clouding of the lens in the eye that is a result from oxidation damage is called

A)cataracts.
B)glaucoma.
C)age-related macular degeneration.
D)presbyopia.

Question 37

Causes of reversible dementia include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)vitamin B-12 deficiency.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)alcoholism.

Question 38

The medical term for severe deterioration of mental functioning resulting from a brain disorder is

A)dementia.
B)senility.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)AMD.

Question 39

Which of the following medications can have a negative impact on bone mass?

A)corticosteroids
B)aspirin
C)Prozac
D)Fosamax

Question 40

To protect your hearing,you should avoid exposure to noises above ______ decibels.

A)75
B)90
C)100
D)125

Question 41

The average length of life of members of a species is called

A)life span.
B)life expectancy.
C)life cycle.
D)lifetime.

Question 42

Failure to achieve a maximum potential life span results from all of the following,EXCEPT

A)destructive environmental factors.
B)retirement.
C)destructive behavioral factors.
D)physical inactivity.

Question 43

In 2005,what accounted for about 37 percent of the aggregate income of the older population?

A)Social Security benefits
B)personal retirement benefits
C)money received from family members
D)income from current employment

Question 44

Which of the following groups has the highest rate of suicide?

A)males age 16-25
B)females age 16-25
C)males age 65 and over
D)females age 65 and over

Question 45

About what percentage of noninstitutionalized older Americans live with a spouse or relative?

A)10 percent
B)25 percent
C)50 percent
D)66 percent

Question 46

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding older Americans?

A)The number of older people who are ill or dependent will rise as the older population increases as a proportion of the total population.
B)Health care is the largest expense for older adults.
C)About 10 percent of elderly people live below the poverty line.
D)Most older Americans do not have any chronic diseases.

Question 47

In 2007,the life expectancy of the total population was almost ______ years.

A)68
B)73
C)78
D)85

Question 48

Women live longer for all of the following reasons,EXCEPT

A)estrogen protects women from early heart disease.
B)women have lower rates of stress-related illnesses.
C)women are less likely to be poor in their older years.
D)they participate less in the risky behaviors that lead to unintentional injuries.

Question 49

Individuals who reach their sixty-fifth birthday can expect to live _______ or more years longer.

A)18
B)10
C)7
D)5

Question 50

Differences in life expectancy between males and females are due to all of the following,EXCEPT rates of

A)injury.
B)exercise.
C)alcohol use.
D)tobacco use.

Question 51

About what percentage of older Americans live in institutional settings?

A)4 percent
B)20 percent
C)33 percent
D)50 percent

Question 52

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Social Security?

A)Social Security provides most older Americans enough to live on.
B)Social Security funds can be used to supplement income only by those over age 65.
C)Social Security is intended to supplement other income.
D)You can collect Social Security benefits at any age if you are unemployed.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding older people?

A)Older people have incomes about the same as younger people.
B)Older women are twice as likely to live in poverty as older men are.
C)Older people living alone are much more likely to be poor than those who live with families.
D)The proportion of people age 65 and older in the U.S.population is expected to nearly double by the year 2030.

Question 54

A living arrangement for healthy seniors that matches them with like-minded individuals is called

A)a nursing home.
B)homesharing.
C)a retirement community.
D)a hospice.

Question 55

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding caregiving?

A)Most families abandon their aging relatives because they cannot provide adequate care.
B)Studies show a grown son will assume a role of caregiving for his elderly relative.
C)Surveys indicate the average woman will spend about 18 years caring for an aging relative.
D)Most families abandon their aging relatives because they cannot provide adequate care,and studies show a grown son will assume a role of caregiving for his elderly relative.

Question 56

The approximate percentage of people in the United States who were over age 65 in 2006 is

A)8 percent.
B)12 percent.
C)18 percent.
D)23 percent.

Question 57

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding life expectancy?

A)Women live longer than men do.
B)Lifestyle factors are a primary reason behind gender differences in life expectancy.
C)Life expectancy is not projected to increase in the future.
D)People who reach age 65 can expect to live another 18 or more years.

Question 58

The period of life when one is generally healthy and free from chronic or serious disease is called

A)health expectancy span.
B)life span.
C)health span.
D)morbidity span.

Question 59

Although few people reach this age,the upper end of the human life span is about ____________ years.

A)105
B)110
C)115
D)120

Question 60

Increases in life expectancy in the United States during the twentieth century were due primarily to

A)the control of childhood and infectious diseases.
B)the defeat of chronic illness.
C)the fitness boom.
D)increased use of vitamin supplements.

Question 61

Older adults tend to have high blood pressure and be sensitive to salt.

Question 62

Following retirement,older couples may find that they need to become reacquainted with each other.

Question 63

Working women seem to be better financially prepared for retirement than are men.

Question 64

The physiological changes in organ systems are caused by a combination of gradual aging and disease.

Question 65

The aging process occurs during the last half of life.

Question 66

Regular physical activity can fend off sarcopenia.

Question 67

Many of the negative physical changes typically associated with aging are not due to aging at all;rather,they are due to neglect of psychological health and lack of exercise.

Question 68

A physician specializing in the diseases,disabilities,and care of older adults is a(n)

A)gerontologist.
B)geriatrician.
C)ageologist.
D)oncologist.

Question 69

An individual who studies phenomena associated with the aging process is a(n)

A)gerontologist.
B)geriatrician.
C)ageologist.
D)oncologist.

Question 70

Exercise may prevent age-associated deterioration of fluid intelligence.

Question 71

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding Medicare?

A)Medicare pays for about 70 percent of the medical costs of older Americans.
B)Medicare pays for acute illness.
C)Medicare is paid for in part by payroll tax.
D)Medicare Part B is a supplement financed by individuals who choose to enroll.

Question 72

A better arrangement than losing the productivity of people at retirement includes all of the following,EXCEPT

A)setting a mandatory retirement age.
B)providing volunteer and paid employment for retirees.
C)offering retraining programs for occupational and leisure time activities for retirees.
D)providing community-sponsored classes for retirees.

Question 73

About what percentage of the cost of nursing home care is paid for by Medicare?

A)less than 2 percent
B)10 percent
C)25 percent
D)33 percent

Question 74

African Americans are at increased risk for glaucoma compared to other groups.

Question 75

Regular exercise has been found to lower an aging person's susceptibility to depression.

Question 76

Aging is the normal process of change throughout life.

Question 77

The program that was designed to finance health care services for older adults and people with disabilities but requires older adults to cover many health care expenses out of their own pockets is

A)Medicare.
B)Social Security.
C)Medicaid.
D)Aid to Dependent Individuals.

Question 78

For successful aging,people need to develop good health habits in their early thirties.

Question 79

Hearing loss is an uncommon physical change in older adults.

Question 80

To maximize national productivity and quality of life as older adults become a larger proportion of the population,changes need to occur in all of the following,EXCEPT

A)government policies.
B)attitudes of the general population.
C)health care policies.
D)recommendations regarding exercise and diet.