Deck 4: Learner Differences and Learning Needs

Question 1

Which of the following teachers uses preferred language?

A)My class is diverse.I have one autistic student and several special education students.
B)Mr.Simms is teaching several learning disabled students.
C)I have four students with special needs in my classroom.
D)I've taught epileptic children,so I'm familiar with their needs.

Answer 1

I have four students with special needs in my classroom.

Question 2

As the teacher asks questions about the story the students just finished reading,Kylie thinks in pictures and uses visual information.Based on the facets of the visualizer-verbalizer dimension,what might we conclude about Kylie?

A)Her cognitive spatial ability is low.
B)She has the phenomenon referred to as the illusion of learning.
C)Her learning preference is visual and verbal.
D)Her cognitive style is visualizer.

Answer 2

Her cognitive style is visualizer.

Question 3

Mrs.Frasier describes her classroom."I have 21 students.Seven are English learners.Four stay in my class only part of the time.One has a hearing impairment and works with a signer,and one has an autism spectrum disorder." Which of the following terms best fits Mrs.Frasier's description of her class?

A)Special education classroom
B)Inclusion classroom
C)Racially and ethnically diverse classroom
D)Academically diverse classroom

Answer 3

Inclusion classroom

Question 4

In which of the following lessons does Mr.Carpenter incorporate several of the multiple intelligences?

A)Students solved the two math problems and compared the logic required for each.
B)Students wrote answers to the questions and summarized the main idea of the chapter.
C)Students read poems by Robert Frost and wrote poems about their favorite settings.
D)Students created clay models and made presentations to the class about their topic.

Question 5

Which of the following children in Ms.Fernandez's class is probably protected by Section 504 (a part of civil rights law)but not covered by IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)?

A)Afton has an emotional disturbance,cries often,and has vocal outbursts occasionally.
B)Jeremy was born with intellectual disability and struggles to learn.
C)Hal has a learning disability and needs to listen to recordings of his texts in addition to trying to read.
D)Tatum broke her leg and needs crutches for several weeks.

Question 6

When Deion was in the first grade,he realized that he didn't learn math as fast as most other children.He took tests,and the psychologist informed him and his mom that Deion had a learning disability and would likely continue to struggle with math.As a third grader,Deion reads when it's time to do math seatwork.He believes he is unable to learn math.He has developed:

A)additional learning disabilities.
B)learned helplessness.
C)general intelligence deficit.
D)learning style preferences.

Question 7

Fluid intelligence increases until late adolescence and decreases with age.What type of brain functions is associated with fluid intelligence?

A)Application of problem-solving methods to new situations
B)Mental efficiency
C)Verbal skills such
D)Learned skills such as reading

Question 8

DeWayne,a ninth grade student,has a learning disability.The team that develops his individualized education program is most likely made up of:

A)Tomas and his teachers.
B)his parents,teachers,school psychologist,and assistant principal.
C)his parents and his teachers.
D)his teachers and the school psychologist.

Question 9

Robyn is meeting her teachers on the first day of fifth grade.Based on questions they asked her,which one of Robyn's teachers seems to understand appropriateness of the use of labels and language associated with differences in abilities and disabilities?

A)"What happened to cause you to be confined to a wheelchair?"
B)"How does being handicapped affect your day at school?"
C)"What do you like to do during recess?"
D)"Where would you like to sit to accommodate your handicap?"

Question 10

Conrad notices that the new boy Stefano doesn't know what to do when the bell rings for lunch.Conrad goes to Stefano and tells him that the students leave their books at their desks and go to the lunchroom to line up for lunch.Conrad invites Stefano to go with him and a couple of other boys in fifth grade.Conrad demonstrates which one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?

A)Interpersonal
B)Linguistic
C)Spatial
D)Intrapersonal

Question 11

Tyler,a sixth grade student,has emotional problems,and his aggressive behavior toward other students in class is particularly challenging for Ms.Ramsey today.Which of the following methods of dealing with Tyler's behavior is recommended?

A)Move Tyler's desk into the hallway and tell him to work away from the other students for the remainder of the day.
B)Assign demerits and tell Tyler he cannot do anything to clear the demerits this grading period.
C)Use a written behavior contract in which Tyler writes the inappropriate behavior he exhibited and the appropriate behavior he should exhibit.
D)Remove Tyler from the group,assign him a grade of zero,and tell him to complete a make-up assignment as homework.

Question 12

Dominique is considered to have average intelligence with an IQ score of:

A)90.
B)100.
C)115.
D)120.

Question 13

Deion,who was diagnosed with a learning disability in math,continues to struggle as a third grader.His teacher wants to work effectively with him and help him experience some level of success with every lesson.Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to help her meet this goal?

A)Use direct instruction.Provide explanations and demonstrations.
B)Provide multiple examples.Repeat the steps for mathematical processes.
C)Avoid giving Deion feedback about his work.Feedback may discourage him.
D)Notice when Deion gives up and starts reading.Teach him rules for focusing his attention.

Question 14

Which of the following teachers seems to have the most appropriate understanding of learning styles?

A)I try to present instruction in multiple modalities.For example,I use pictures,charts,and maps along with printed text and verbal instruction.
B)Every year I give my students a learning styles inventory to help them understand their best way of learning and to increase their learning.
C)I divide my students into verbal and auditory groups on the basis of their learning styles and teach according to their styles.
D)Based on research about learning preferences,I recommend that students use their preferred style and avoid their weaker styles in order to learn more.

Question 15

Tess,a high school junior,is concerned.Her boyfriend has become depressed,acted reclusive,lied about using drugs,and started talking about his uncle's suicide and his own thoughts about suicide.Tess realizes she needs to learn more about suicide and become aware of appropriate ways to deal with her boyfriend's behavior.Which of the following is a MYTH that Tess should know about suicide?

A)People who die by suicide usually talk about it first and leave clues or hints.
B)Having a family history of suicide increases the risk that a person will contemplate or attempt suicide.
C)You should not talk to someone about suicide if you suspect he or she is contemplating suicide.
D)All types of people commit suicide,and students in rural areas are more likely than urban students to attempt suicide.

Question 16

Which of the following tasks or processes primarily involves bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?

A)Carlos writes song lyrics and music for his band.
B)Paige demonstrated the steps for pitching a softball with precision.
C)Monroe usually finishes his geometry assignments before anyone else in class.
D)Cayla drew the map for her group's project.

Question 17

Ryan has a learning disability and is struggling in first grade.The psychologist told Ryan's parents that Ryan has the most common learning disability.Ryan most likely has difficulties with:

A)reading.
B)math computation.
C)math problem solving.
D)organization.

Question 18

Delmar has been diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder,and Shiloh has a visual impairment.What legislation guarantees a free public education to these and all other children with disabilities?

A)No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
B)Individualized Education Program (IEP)
C)Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
D)Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Question 19

Cass has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).She and two of the boys in her class have ADHD.Which of the following strategies should the teacher use to help these students in the classroom?

A)Avoid giving them choices and eliminate recess to reduce their level of activity.
B)Increase the amount of homework and decrease the amount of seatwork for these students.
C)Explain to the class that these students are taking Ritalin and need to be allowed to walk around the classroom.
D)Use visual cues to help them focus and teach them self-monitoring skills.

Question 20

Which teacher seems to have the right idea about the interpretation and use of IQ test scores?

A)Monnie's score is 2 points higher than Phil's,so I expect greater achievement from her.
B)Deloris took the IQ test with her class in fourth grade,so I know I can trust the accuracy of her score.
C)Germaine's score of 94 suggests that he may struggle,but I need to look at other indicators as well.
D)Kevin's IQ is 97,so I know not to expect higher achievement from him than the measure of his innate intelligence.

Question 21

Mrs.Turner has been using a learning styles inventory in her ninth grade English class.She gives students the inventory,tells them to identify their learning style,and instructs them to use their dominant learning style when they study and complete assignments.She groups students according to learning styles for some assignments and tries to teach to their learning styles.
What seems to be lacking in Mrs.Turner's knowledge of learning styles? If she were informed,what might she do differently in her teaching?

Question 22

In her inclusive classroom,Mrs.Dawson has one student with intellectual disabilities and an IQ just below 70.What approach to learning should she take with this student?

A)Help the student develop depth in one area of learning.
B)Avoid focusing on learning objectives and encourage the student in social skills.
C)Skip steps and move to the next lesson if the student does not follow.
D)Work on practical skills and concepts the student will need to use in adult life.

Question 23

Your student Lucas was diagnosed recently with dyslexia,a learning disability covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).Lucas's mom is distraught to learn about her son's disability,and she knows nothing about an IEP or special education.
Explain the IEP process to the mom and describe how she will be involved in her son's education.Describe what's included in an IEP.

Question 24

Alonso is a student in Ms.Carmike's kindergarten class.She has noticed that Alonso avoids eye contact,and she tells him to look at her when she talks to him.She also notices that he seems uninterested in the other children,always closes the classroom door when it is left open,and uses unusual speech patterns.She suspects that Alonso has:

A)epilepsy.
B)an emotional disorder.
C)an autism spectrum disorder.
D)hearing impairment.

Question 25

Mr.Solinski is reviewing his students' permanent files before school starts.He is making notes about their scores on standardized tests,their grade reports,and their portfolio items,and he is paying particular attention to their IQ scores.
What is the value of knowing students' IQ scores and how might Mr.Solinski use the information to benefit students?

Question 26

Jacee is a student with attention deficit.The actual diagnosis is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Her third grade teacher noticed signs of the disorder such as Jacee's disorganization,her tendency to be easily distracted and spaced out,and her forgetfulness.Jacee was falling behind and becoming discouraged about school.On the other hand,Jacee's mom said she could spend hours building Lego villages and playing Internet games involving construction.Jacee was tested,diagnosed,and now the teacher needs to provide accommodations.
What accommodations does the teacher need to make? What should the teacher do to prevent Jacee's discouragement from becoming learned helplessness?

Question 27

Mr.McKay teaches about 100 students in his senior English classes in a large high school.If his students match the national norms for twelfth graders,how many of his students probably used marijuana,alcohol,or other illicit drugs in the past 30 days?

A)10
B)15
C)20
D)25

Question 28

For the first time in his 14 years of teaching,Mr.Morrow has a gifted student in his American history class.Her name is Ryland,and her IQ score is around 140.She reads voraciously and delves headstrong into any topic that interests her.She seems to remember everything she reads,sees,or hears.She was accelerated in elementary school,skipping fourth grade.She has never taken an American history class,but she knows a lot of history.Mr.Morrow recognizes his need to learn what to do to challenge Ryland sufficiently and prevent her from becoming bored.He wants her to enjoy learning in his class.He realizes she will know a lot that he doesn't know,but he is determined not to feel threatened by her abilities.
What strategies and ideas do you recommend to Mr.Morrow that will benefit Ryland the most?

Question 29

Mr.Tolosa is a new third grade teacher.He has no experience identifying gifted students,but believes one of his students has exceptional abilities.What common characteristics might he observe in a gifted student?

A)Convergent thinker,perceptive of others' feelings,ambitious about projects
B)Avid reader,advanced vocabulary,completes writing assignments quickly
C)Advanced sentence structure,divergent thinker,creative,uses analogies
D)Not very verbal,completes math tasks quickly,carefully follows steps in math procedures

Question 30

Mrs.Warner uses the following approaches in her teaching.Which approach is most likely INEFFECTIVE in teaching Carmen,a gifted student?

A)Independent projects in which students choose from a list of topics
B)Mixed-ability groups that work cooperatively on projects every week
C)Extension projects that allow students to go deeper into a topic
D) that require divergent thinking and elaboration on the topic