Deck 26: Epilogue Death and Dying

Question 1

Physician-assisted suicide is used in about 25 percent of all deaths in the Netherlands.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following statements is a way that death today is different from 100 years ago?

A) Death occurs earlier.
B) Dying occurs faster.
C) Death impacts more children.
D) Death has become less familiar.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Hospice care makes use of a variety of medical interventions to delay death.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, the final stage of dying is depression.

Question 5

One function of mourning customs is to allow for public displays of grief.

Question 6

Fear of death tends to subside in middle age.

Question 7

Incomplete grief may result when a police investigation or autopsy follows a death.

Question 8

Only a small subset of people-about 10 percent-experience complicated grief.

Question 9

The double effect is considered unethical and is illegal in most states.

Question 10

A good death is often considered to be one that is quick, peaceful, and in the presence of family and friends.

Question 11

Passive euthanasia is legal everywhere.

Question 12

A divorced spouse may feel disenfranchised grief after the death of his or her former partner.

Question 13

Mourning can sometimes take the form of public protest, turning blame into what can be a constructive action to make the world safer.

Question 14

Death occurs earlier today than it did 100 years ago.

Question 15

Medical directives in living wills are always followed by hospital staff.

Question 16

Children do not understand death.

Question 17

Only those with pathological grief seek to assign blame after the death of a loved one.

Question 18

An advance directive is an individual's instructions regarding end-of-life medical care.

Question 19

Robert barely survived a horrendous car crash. As he lay on the road close to death, he said he was surrounded by a white light and felt joy and peace. He was experiencing palliative care.

Question 20

Physician-assisted suicide is legal in most U.S. states.

Question 21

One hundred years ago, most people died _____, while today they most often die in a hospital.

A) at home
B) at birth
C) while working
D) in public spaces

Question 22

Themes around death that occur in all of the known ancient cultures include all of the following EXCEPT that _____.

A) mourners respond to death with a set of rituals
B) all dead bodies must be buried in the ground
C) actions in life impact what happens after death
D) an afterlife exists

Question 23

In an effort to reduce binge drinking on campus, the university initiated an information campaign to raise awareness. Within weeks of the beginning of the campaign, binge drinking incidents had increased. What is the best explanation for this?

A) thanatology
B) terror management theory
C) belief in reincarnation
D) bereavement

Question 24

In Korea, how did religious practice change with regard to autopsies?

A) Religious leaders forbid autopsies.
B) A religious service was developed for use with autopsies.
C) Egyptian traditions were fused with Korean customs.
D) Most people abandoned religious ceremonies because of their opposition to autopsies.

Question 25

In 2012, ____ times more people died violently than died of all the diseases combined.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) ten

Question 26

Margie's mother has been reluctant to tell her that Grandpa Bo is dead. After keeping Margie home with a babysitter during the funeral, her mother has said things like, "Grandpa Bo had to go away." But Margie, who has heard adults talking about the death, senses that her mother is avoiding the topic and has come to the conclusion that _____.

A) adults just want to protect their children
B) the conversations were probably false and Grandpa Bo is just away for a while
C) death is a terrifying topic that even adults can't discuss
D) there are some things kids just shouldn't know

Question 27

Worldwide in 2015, newborns were expected to live on average to age _____.

A) 51
B) 61
C) 71
D) 81.

Question 28

James, age 50, is terminally ill. He is probably primarily focused on _____.

A) his fear of death
B) the pain he might suffer
C) a fear of leaving something undone
D) planning his funeral

Question 29

The fact that more people fear flying than driving illustrates that attitudes about death tend to be _____.

A) largely informed by statistics
B) focused on the changes that individuals should make in order to live longer lives
C) major factors in our selection of transit
D) largely irrational

Question 30

Diversity within religions about responses to death is evident in the issue of autopsies, since _____.

A) every religion prohibits it
B) most religions require it
C) many religious leaders speak against it, but individuals do it anyway
D) each religion has opinions both for and against it

Question 31

In many nations, _____ are the fastest-growing age group.

A) children
B) emerging adults
C) infants and toddlers
D) centenarians

Question 32

Poet Dylan Thomas didn't want his father to die or to go easily into death. Why do adults express this kind of sentiment about other people's deaths?

A) It helps them to defend against the fear of death.
B) They don't want to lose their loved ones to death.
C) They aren't sure they will be able to get time off to attend the funeral.
D) It helps keep them motivated to live healthily.

Question 33

Which of the following is a belief that a typical preschooler might hold following the death of his or her grandfather?

A) "I caused my grandfather to die because I told him he was boring."
B) "I'm glad my grandfather died, because he was boring."
C) "I should bring flowers to my grandmother because my grandfather died."
D) "I will say a prayer."

Question 34

How should adults deal with a child who has encountered death? They should _____.

A) tell the child that the dead person or animal is just sleeping
B) tell the child that it is best not to talk about things that are upsetting
C) listen to the child with full attention when the child talks about the death
D) quickly change the subject when the child talks about the death

Question 35

In late adulthood, attitudes about death shift. Anxiety _____ while hope _____.

A) decreases; increases
B) increases; increases
C) decreases; decreases
D) increases; decreases

Question 36

Adolescents' use of the Internet to write to the dead person or to vent their grief is _____.

A) unhealthy denial
B) unhealthy withdrawal from the family
C) an effective way to express their identity concerns
D) a sign of their self-absorption

Question 37

According to _____, adolescents and emerging adults engage in high-risk behaviors in order to cope with their fear of death.

A) thanatology
B) terror management theory
C) reincarnation
D) bereavement

Question 38

One way that older people cope with their own mortality is through _____.

A) denying death
B) feeling guilty for what is undone
C) engaging in legacy work
D) focusing on the limits of old age

Question 39

Children who are terminally ill fear that death means they will be _____.

A) abandoned
B) in pain
C) sad
D) bored

Question 40

Many developmentalists believe that one sign of mental health in older adults is _____.

A) denying death
B) feeling guilty for what is undone
C) accepting mortality
D) focusing on the limits of old age

Question 41

Later in his career, Maslow suggested a possible sixth stage, _______, which emphasizes the acceptance of death and the hope for others to continue what the dying person values for them.

A) peaceful reflection
B) life review
C) self-actualization
D) self-transcendence

Question 42

Which of the following is true about older adults who think they may die soon?

A) They are more likely to want to spend time with a family member.
B) They are unlikely to believe in some kind of afterlife.
C) They give up on living.
D) They are unlikely to accept death as a part of life.

Question 43

Across cultures, a result of near-death experiences is _____.

A) an increased fear of death
B) scientific data on what happens to the dead
C) a loss of the will to live
D) a sense of hopefulness

Question 44

"Dad, why don't we go for a walk? You can watch the kids play soccer at the park," Beatrice says. Her father replies, "What's the point? Nothing really matters anymore." Which of Kübler-Ross's stages is Beatrice's father in?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 45

According to Abraham Maslow, which of the following is a stage involved in the dying process?

A) safety
B) denial
C) forgiveness
D) depression

Question 46

Across cultures, those who have a near-death experience often reach a worldview with all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) the limitations of social status
B) the insignificance of material possessions
C) an increased focus on vocational goals
D) the narrowness of self-centeredness

Question 47

The work of _____ has been used to describe dying as a movement from a focus on physical needs, through the needs for love, safety, respect, and self-actualization, and finally to the acceptance of death.

A) Jean Piaget
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Sigmund Freud
D) B. F. Skinner

Question 48

Mrs. Cannon has been diagnosed as terminally ill, but she insists that she will recover and believes that her laboratory results were mixed up or misinterpreted. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross would say that Mrs. Cannon is in the stage of _____.

A) acceptance
B) bargaining
C) denial
D) depression

Question 49

"Why me? You're an incompetent doctor!" Robert wails when his doctor delivers the news that his cancer has returned, and that Robert has only three months to live. In which of Kübler-Ross's stages is Robert?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 50

Max was in critical condition when he arrived at the ER. His heart stopped and he almost died, but thanks to quick intervention he survived the ordeal. As he healed, he discussed having the sense of floating in light and experiencing a sense of peace. Max seems to have had a _____.

A) coma
B) near-death experience
C) terror management theory
D) good death

Question 51

Which of the following statements regarding hospice care is true?

A) People are only admitted when there is reasonable chance for recovery.
B) Patients can only be admitted if death is likely within six months.
C) No medications are available once a patient moves into hospice.
D) Currently, no insurance companies cover hospice services.

Question 52

Which of the following descriptions is NOT characteristic of a good death?

A) peaceful
B) quick
C) in familiar surroundings
D) being alone

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a way that medical advances have made a bad death more likely?

A) Hospitals exclude visitors at the most critical point.
B) People are encouraged to fight death with surgery and drugs.
C) Death occurs at the end of a long life.
D) Drugs are used to manage pain, which can cause delirium or confusion.

Question 54

Laura has just entered a hospice. She can expect _____.

A) pain management
B) being place on an artificial life-support system
C) restricted visiting hours for family and close friends
D) to be resuscitated if she stops breathing on her own

Question 55

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, the first stage of dying is _____.

A) anger
B) denial
C) depression
D) bargaining

Question 56

Who opened the first modern hospice?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Janet Anderson
C) Cecily Saunders
D) Addison Freely

Question 57

In what way has modern medicine made a good death more likely?

A) by confining most deaths to hospitals and nursing homes
B) by increasing the general levels of health so that most deaths occur in old age
C) by not discussing the likelihood of death with patients, so as not to scare them
D) by using whatever means necessary to prolong life at all times

Question 58

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross proposed ____ sequential stages that dying people go through.

A) two
B) five
C) seven
D) ten

Question 59

"Doctor, if you can find a new treatment that will cure me, I will buy the hospital a new cancer wing," Violet promises. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages is Violet in?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 60

About what percentage of individuals admitted to hospice die before the end of the first week of hospice care?

A) 25%
B) 33%
C) 50%
D) 66%

Question 61

An example of active euthanasia is when _____.

A) a doctor does not restore breathing after reading the patient's DNR order
B) health care professionals limit painkilling drugs
C) someone turns off a patient's respirator
D) a patient refuses to eat

Question 62

Palliative care _____.

A) is the legal term for a living will
B) does not occur in a hospice setting
C) is not acceptable to most religions
D) provides relief from physical pain

Question 63

Mikal entered a state of deep unconsciousness after a serious accident. His cognitive functions have ceased though he is still breathing. His family and friends notice that his eyes have occasionally opened and he has made a few irregular sounds. Mikal _____.

A) is in a coma
B) has brain death
C) is in a vegetative state
D) has locked-in syndrome

Question 64

Which of the following is an example of passive euthanasia?

A) A doctor gives a patient a prescription for a lethal medication.
B) A husband injects his wife with an overdose of her medication, without her requesting this of him.
C) A patient asks his adult child to give him a lethal injection.
D) A doctor does not resuscitate a man who stops breathing after seeing that he had a DNR order.

Question 65

Worldwide, death is determined when _____.

A) the person enters locked-in syndrome
B) the kidneys shut down
C) noticeable respiration ceases
D) brain waves cease

Question 66

Juanita has just been evaluated by medical professionals. She cannot move any part of her body except for her eyes, but brain waves are still apparent. The doctor explains that Juanita is not dead, but _____.

A) has brain death
B) is in a coma
C) is in a vegetative state
D) has locked-in syndrome

Question 67

A DNR order _____.

A) can be used only by hospice workers
B) allows a natural death
C) is not available to the terminally ill
D) is illegal in most U.S. states

Question 68

In _____, a seriously ill person is allowed to die naturally, without any medical intervention.

A) assisted suicide
B) passive euthanasia
C) a health care proxy
D) active euthanasia

Question 69

Dr. Rodriguez specializes in the relief of pain and suffering. She frequently prescribes pain medicines like morphine for the terminally ill patients she sees in the hospital. Dr. Rodriguez specializes in _____.

A) pharmacy
B) palliative care
C) physician-assisted suicide
D) thanatology

Question 70

George is terminally ill and in constant pain. He has asked his doctor for a prescription he can use to end his life. If the doctor gives the prescription and George uses it to die, it is considered _____.

A) hospice care
B) physician-assisted suicide
C) passive euthanasia
D) palliative care

Question 71

Which of the following is a common barrier to hospice care?

A) Patients and their families may not be accepting death.
B) Patients must be within two weeks of death to be admitted.
C) Most people prefer to die in a hospital.
D) It is currently only available in England.

Question 72

In the United States, most deaths occur _____.

A) at home
B) in hospitals
C) in nursing homes
D) at hospice

Question 73

Opiates have a double effect, meaning that they both _____.

A) relieve pain and fight many infections
B) reduce sedation and cause delirium
C) relieve pain and slow respiration
D) fight many infections and slow respiration

Question 74

A person with which of the following conditions is considered dead?

A) a coma
B) brain death
C) a vegetative state
D) locked-in syndrome

Question 75

A person in a state characterized by prolonged cessation of all brain activity, with a complete absence of voluntary movements, _____.

A) has brain death
B) is in a coma
C) has slipped into a vegetative state
D) has locked-in syndrome

Question 76

A person who is in a state of deep unconsciousness from which he or she cannot be aroused _____.

A) has brain death
B) is in a coma
C) has slipped into a vegetative state
D) has locked-in syndrome

Question 77

Historically, death was determined by _____.

A) being in a coma
B) low rates of brain activity
C) no heartbeat
D) no movement for more than a week

Question 78

Medication that relieves pain and also slows respiration has _____.

A) a double effect
B) a DNR
C) a good death
D) hospice care

Question 79

In "locked-in syndrome," _____.

A) the person is dead
B) the heart has stopped
C) the person is not dead
D) normal brain waves have ceased

Question 80

The goal of palliative care is to _____.

A) relieve patients from pain and suffering
B) treat terminal illnesses
C) study the experience of the dying
D) treat advanced-stage diseases by any means possible