Deck 11: Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development

Question 1

Obesity is more common among children who were not breast-fed.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An intelligence test is an example of an achievement test.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Reaction time is the amount of time it takes to respond to a stimulus.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The percentage of children from ages 2 to 5 who are overweight in the United States increased from 2002 to 2012.

Question 5

The health habits that children develop during the middle childhood years are related to their health in adolescence and adulthood.

Question 6

The Flynn effect has revealed that the average IQ of entire nations has decreased substantially over the past century.

Question 7

Preschool children who watch TV and drink soda are more likely to be obese.

Question 8

In the United States, the percentage of children with asthma has been stable for about the last two decades.

Question 9

An intelligence test is an example of an aptitude test.

Question 10

Children have all of their permanent teeth by age 6.

Question 11

The hygiene hypothesis states that modern children are overprotected from viruses and bacteria, which does not allow their immune systems to strengthen.

Question 12

Compared to infant or adolescent growth, school-age children grow slowly and steadily.

Question 13

Children between the ages of 6 and 11 are within the developmental stage referred to as "adolescence."

Question 14

David is excitable, impulsive, and very active. He also has great difficulty concentrating. He MOST likely has a sensory deficit.

Question 15

Asthma is associated with environmental conditions.

Question 16

The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders is called "developmental psychology."

Question 17

Children are overweight if their body mass index (BMI) is above the 85th percentile on the growth chart.

Question 18

The presence of two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time in the same person is referred to as "comorbidity."

Question 19

The high rate of childhood obesity in the United States is primarily due to heredity.

Question 20

Gardner has identified nine types of intelligence.

Question 21

Callie asks Jenna if she wants to play tag with a group of her friends. Jenna joins the group of children. The children decide on the rules for tag and as they play they make sure that each child is following the rules. This informal, child-initiated game of tag is likely taking place _____.

A) in a neighborhood
B) in school
C) under the direction of a parent
D) in a sports league

Question 22

Physical activity can benefit children in all of the following ways EXCEPT by improving _____.

A) overall physical health
B) academic achievement
C) problem solving ability
D) oral health practices

Question 23

Children with special needs are usually educated in self-contained classrooms apart from other children so that they may receive specialized assistance.

Question 24

The health habits that children develop during the middle childhood years are _____.

A) unrelated to their health in adolescence and adulthood
B) related to their health in adolescence, but unrelated to their health in adulthood
C) unrelated to their health in adolescence, but related to their health in adulthood
D) related to their health in adolescence and adulthood

Question 25

Children usually have all of their permanent teeth by _____.

A) age 4
B) age 6
C) age 10
D) the onset of puberty

Question 26

With response to intervention (RTI), all children who perform below average receive special intervention.

Question 27

Each state in the U.S. selects and educates gifted and talented students. Across the country the selection and education process can be different.

Question 28

Physical activity within schools has _____ over the years.

A) increased
B) decreased
C) hindered academic achievement
D) remained stable

Question 29

Once a child has been identified as having special needs, educators and other professionals consult with the child's parents to devise an individual education plan for the child.

Question 30

When comparing the growth of children from ages 6 to 11 to infants or adolescents, one notices that children _____.

A) grow slowly and steadily
B) grow faster than they did in early childhood
C) grow at the same rate from ages 2 to 12
D) have a tremendous growth spurt during the school years

Question 31

About 1 out of every 500 children shows signs of autism spectrum disorder.

Question 32

The ratio between a person's height and weight is expressed as _____.

A) HWP
B) BMW
C) APGAR
D) BMI

Question 33

One method of educating gifted and talented students that has become popular in the United States is acceleration.

Question 34

In the United States, about ____ percent of children saw a dentist for preventive care in the previous year.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 100

Question 35

Children with dyscalculia have trouble reading.

Question 36

Children between the ages of 6 and 11 are within the developmental stage referred to as "_____."

A) infancy
B) early childhood
C) middle childhood
D) adolescence

Question 37

The most commonly diagnosed learning disorder is dyslexia.

Question 38

Which factor contributes to the decline in neighborhood play among children?

A) people no longer want to know their neighbors
B) parental obesity
C) the high incidence of juvenile diabetes
D) a scarcity of vacant lots and empty fields

Question 39

Which activity, when a daily part of a child's life, is most associated with health problems later in life?

A) playing outside for about one hour
B) eating three meals
C) watching about 4 hours of TV
D) playing about 1 hour of video games

Question 40

There is a clear treatment protocol for autism spectrum disorder.

Question 41

Children are considered overweight when they have BMIs above the _____ percentile.

A) 65th
B) 75th
C) 85th
D) 95th

Question 42

Asthma is a disorder caused by _____ the airways.

A) inflammation of
B) enlargement of
C) destruction of
D) holes in

Question 43

Eight-year-old Molly is able to listen to her teacher and concentrate on what she is saying even when her friends are talking around her. Molly can do this because of an improvement in _____.

A) selective attention
B) divided attention
C) automatization
D) reaction time

Question 44

A 3-year-old has a harder time catching a ball, whereas a 9-year-old has an easier time catching a ball. One contributing factor for why the 9-year-old has an easier time catching the ball in contrast to the 3-year-old is _____.

A) increased reaction time
B) decreased reaction time
C) increased stimulus response
D) decreased stimulus response

Question 45

Austin is in the grocery store with his mom and he sees the candy-like cereal he saw advertised on television. He asks his mom to purchase it and she says no. He continues to beg, bargain, and pout until she concedes. Austin demonstrated _____ power.

A) influence
B) demanding
C) child
D) pester

Question 46

Madeline is 9 years old and considered obese. While her parents acknowledge that they could adopt a healthier lifestyle, they blame genetics for her weight problem. How many genes are estimated to influence Madeline's weight?

A) one
B) a few
C) dozens
D) more than 11,000

Question 47

Childhood obesity is usually defined as a BMI above the _____ percentile.

A) 65th
B) 75th
C) 85th
D) 95th

Question 48

Obesity has increased because it is common for _____.

A) preschoolers to attend preschool
B) preschoolers to watch TV and drink soda
C) babies to be breast-fed
D) children to walk to school

Question 49

During middle childhood, children themselves contribute to weight gain by getting adults to do what they want, such as buying them candy or junk food. The ability of children to get adults to do what they want has been referred to as "_____ power."

A) influence
B) demanding
C) child
D) pester

Question 50

The belief that children's immune systems need to be exposed to viruses and bacteria in order to strengthen them, but that children are overprotected from this exposure, is called the "_____."

A) sterile environment theory
B) hygiene hypothesis
C) spore theory
D) immunity hypothesis

Question 51

Which of the following is most often seen in children who are obese?

A) low blood pressure
B) increased psychopathology
C) high levels of cholesterol
D) increased chance of becoming a bully

Question 52

Monica brought her 10-year-old son to see the doctor because he was having problems breathing. The doctor informed Monica that her son had inflammation of the airways. Monica's son was diagnosed with _____.

A) asthma
B) obesity
C) sleep apnea
D) diabetes

Question 53

The ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others is referred to as "_____."

A) selective attention
B) divided attention
C) automatization
D) reaction time

Question 54

Since 1980 the rate of childhood asthma in the United States has _____.

A) doubled
B) tripled
C) decreased
D) stayed the same

Question 55

With respect to asthma, the hygiene hypothesis is supported by data showing all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A) children born by cesarean delivery (very sterile) have more asthma
B) farm children have less asthma and other allergies
C) first-born children develop asthma more often than later-born children
D) city children have less asthma and fewer allergies

Question 56

Hannah's BMI is in the 79th percentile, which is associated with being _____.

A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) overweight
D) obese

Question 57

Which child is more likely to develop asthma?

A) a child who lives in a city
B) a child who lives on a farm
C) a child who experienced a vaginal delivery
D) a child who is second-born in the family

Question 58

How long it takes to respond to a stimulus is referred to as "_____."

A) stimulus response
B) waiting period
C) reaction time
D) response time

Question 59

William was doing a class report on asthma and learned that several factors may contribute to its development, including all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A) alleles
B) airtight windows
C) sunlight
D) carpets

Question 60

At Devon's recent checkup, her doctor told her that she is obese. Devon's BMI is most likely in the _____ percentile.

A) 17th
B) 37th
C) 71st
D) 97th

Question 61

Each of the following is a general principle of developmental psychopathology EXCEPT _____.

A) abnormality is normal
B) disability does not change year by year
C) life may be better or worse in adulthood
D) diagnosis and treatment reflect the social context

Question 62

Most nations have exhibited substantial increases in IQ scores during the past century. This phenomenon is called the "_____."

A) Stanford Swell
B) Brain Leap
C) Intelligence Surge
D) Flynn Effect

Question 63

With respect to Gardner's multiple intelligences, a successful professional athlete is likely to excel in _____ intelligence.

A) linguistic
B) interpersonal
C) naturalistic
D) bodily-kinesthetic

Question 64

Aptitude tests are designed to measure one's _____.

A) potential for learning a skill or body of knowledge
B) achievement in a particular subject
C) capacity for divergent thinking
D) verbal abilities only

Question 65

Payton has an IQ score of 135. According to the distribution of IQ scores, Payton's IQ falls into what category?

A) average
B) slow learner
C) superior
D) gifted

Question 66

With respect to Gardner's multiple intelligences, a successful farmer is likely to excel in _____ intelligence.

A) linguistic
B) interpersonal
C) naturalistic
D) bodily-kinesthetic

Question 67

IQ tests _____.

A) reflect multicultural understanding
B) are influenced by culture
C) do not accurately reflect aptitude
D) accurately reflect achievement

Question 68

Originally, a person's mental age and chronological age were factors used to determine his or her _____.

A) achievement on the WAIS
B) intelligence quotient
C) multiple intelligences
D) achievement on the WPPSI

Question 69

The average IQ is a score of _____.

A) 70
B) 85
C) 100
D) 115

Question 70

Achievement tests are to aptitude tests as _____ is to _____.

A) long; short
B) intelligence; creativity
C) knowledge; potential
D) fruit; apple

Question 71

The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders is developmental _____.

A) psychology
B) psychopathology
C) practice
D) abnormality

Question 72

Scientists agree that brain development _____.

A) is complete by age 6
B) depends on experience
C) is the same in all children, gifted and not gifted
D) reflects unusual patterns in children with various disorders

Question 73

The presence of two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time in the same person is referred to as "_____."

A) psychopathology
B) comorbidity
C) multifinality
D) equifinality

Question 74

One's mental age divided by one's chronological age and multiplied by 100 results in one's _____.

A) measure of mastery
B) proficiency score
C) achievement quotient
D) intelligence quotient

Question 75

April is tested on her mastery of college chemistry. She is taking a(n) _____.

A) achievement test
B) IQ test
C) field test
D) aptitude test

Question 76

Susie has an IQ score of 90. According to the distribution of IQ scores, Susie's IQ falls into what category?

A) average
B) slow learner
C) superior
D) gifted

Question 77

Gerald was diagnosed with ADHD at an early age. Throughout school he had extreme academic difficulties, though he excelled at art. When he graduated from high school he started a career as an artist and quickly began to sell his work and achieved critical acclaim. As an adult he was experiencing life success even though he still had symptoms of ADHD. Which of the four general principles of developmental psychopathology does this example best illustrate?

A) Abnormality is normal.
B) Disability changes year by year.
C) Life may be better or worse in adulthood.
D) Diagnosis and treatment reflect the social context.

Question 78

A cause can have many final manifestations. This is referred to as "_____."

A) psychopathology
B) comorbidity
C) multifinality
D) equifinality

Question 79

Howard Gardner proposed that _____.

A) there is only one intelligence
B) everyone is equal in all types of intelligence
C) IQ tests are the best way to measure intelligence
D) there are multiple intelligences

Question 80

Achievement tests are designed to measure one's _____.

A) knowledge about a subject
B) potential for accomplishment
C) capacity for divergent thinking
D) verbal abilities