Deck 12: Leadership in Organizations

Question 1

 The most effective leaders

A) display both transactional and transformational leadership behaviors.
B) tend to adopt a more task-oriented than relations-oriented leadership style.
C) adopt a leadership style that makes them relations-oriented charismatic leaders.
D) show extreme active and passive management-by-exception behavior patterns.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

 Barry believes that work is simply a means to an end and that employees' needs are secondary to the need for an efficient and productive workplace. Where does Barry fall within the managerial grid?

A) High-relationship, high-task
B) High-relationship, low-task
C) High-task, low-relationship
D) Low-task, low-relationship

Answer 2

C

Question 3

 A theory of leadership that tries to reveal a set of universal skills that are relevant in all leadership situations is referred to as the _____ theory of leadership.

A) path-goal
B) traits-based
C) contingency
D) Great Man

Answer 3

B

Question 4

 _____ skills enable a leader to gather and process large amounts of information, create suitable strategies, solve problems, and make correct decisions.

A) Research
B) Technical
C) Financial
D) Cognitive

Question 5

 When a leader rewards an employee in terms of increased pay for completing a project much ahead of time, the leadership technique can be referred to as _____ leadership.

A) transformational
B) relations-oriented
C) transactional
D) charismatic

Question 6

 John is an organization's marketing lead. He has sound knowledge about the organizational activities and can make effective job-related decisions. However, his team members are unable to achieve sales targets that he sets for them. His team members complain that John does not respond or even pay attention to their problems and interests. This shows that John lacks _____ skills of leadership.

A) cognitive
B) interpersonal
C) technical
D) intellectual

Question 7

 Sara shows concern for others, mentors subordinates, encourages subordinates to take initiative in solving problems, and shows appreciation for subordinates' contributions. Sara is demonstrating _____ leadership.

A) relationship-oriented
B) task-oriented
C) transformational
D) transactional

Question 8

 Which of the following aspects characterizes transformational leaders?

A) Extreme task orientation
B) Time and resource management
C) Passive management-by-exception
D) Individualized consideration

Question 9

 Jordan has been in the same position for several years. He has a formal relationship with his boss and completes his work according to established procedures. Based on the leader-member exchange theory, Jordan is

A) part of the in-group
B) part of the out-group.
C) in the partnerhip phase of the relationship life cycle with his boss.
D) in the mature phase of the relationship life cycle with his boss.

Question 10

 Technical skills of leadership refer to a leader's

A) ability to make decisions with sound reasoning.
B) knowledge about an organization and job-related activities.
C) ability to understand the internal and external environments.
D) ability to interact with others.

Question 11

 Harry, a firm's marketing head, has certain characteristics that make him gain his team's loyalty. Moreover, he can elicit performance beyond expectations from his team members. He has the ability to motivate his team members through strong communication skills. From this description, it can be inferred that Harry is a _____ leader.

A) transactional
B) bureaucratic
C) charismatic
D) task-oriented

Question 12

 _____ leadership is defined as the set of behaviors that leaders use to change their organization and individuals for the better.

A) Transformational
B) Relations-oriented
C) Transactional
D) Charismatic

Question 13

 Which of the following statements is true about leadership skills?

A) Interpersonal skills refer to a leader's ability to interact with others.
B) Cognitive skills are developed through experience.
C) Technical and interpersonal skills are innate.
D) Cognitive skills refer to a leader's knowledge about an organization.

Question 14

 Sam sees potential in Alex and offers Alex a chance to increase his responsibility within the group. Based on the leader-member exchange theory, Sam and Alex's relationship is in the _________ phase of the relationship life cycle.

A) stranger
B) acquaintance
C) partnerhip
D) mature

Question 15

 Steve, the marketing lead in an organization, treats each of his team members differently and maintains unique relationships with them. Jerry and Henry are members of his team. He assigns more interesting tasks to Jerry and offers him more rewards. On the other hand, Henry is simply required to comply to formal rules and receives the standard benefits of the job. From this scenario it can be inferred that

A) Steve belongs to Jerry's out-group.
B) Henry belongs to Steve's in-group.
C) Henry belongs to Jerry's out-group.
D) Jerry belongs to Steve's in-group.

Question 16

 Which of the following statements about the managerial grid is true?

A) It holds that task-oriented and relations-oriented behaviors are at two ends of the same spectrum.
B) It holds that the quality of leadership style depends on the level of each behavior portrayed.
C) It holds that a leader's personal history and knowledge can seldom influence his or her style.
D) It holds that effective leaders should exhibit either task-oriented or relations-oriented leadership styles.

Question 17

 Which of the following is one of the most common traits identified in leaders?

A) Self-sacrificing nature
B) Sense of humor
C) Contextual intelligence
D) Self-confidence

Question 18

 Regarding core values and fundamental beliefs, which of the following refers to a constant factor that drives behavior in variable situations?

A) Knowledge
B) Cognition
C) Character
D) Personality

Question 19

 Which of the following refers to the "Great Man" theory?

A) A theory of leadership that explains leadership by examining the traits and characteristics of renowned leaders of human history
B) A theory in which leaders are more effective depending on the favorability of a leadership situation, which is described by leader-member relations and task structure
C) A theory of leadership in which leaders treat each member differently, and as a result, develop unique relationships with each member
D) A theory of leadership that tries to reveal a set of universal traits and skills that are relevant in all leadership situations

Question 20

 Lee takes a goal-centered, team approach, integrating production and people concerns in a mutually reinforcing effort where all behaviors enhance each other. Where does Lee fall within the managerial grid?

A) High-relationship, high-task
B) High-relationship, low-task
C) High-task, low-relationship
D) Low-task, low-relationship

Question 21

 The best leaders display both transactional and transformational leadership behaviors.

Question 22

 Social competency includes a leader's ability to be aware of how other people's attitudes, assumptions, and beliefs are related to their behaviors and motivation.

Question 23

 Which of the following statements is true about Fiedler's contingency model?

A) A low least-preferred-coworker score indicates a leader who is more relationship-oriented.
B) Depending on the favorability of the leadership situation, a different style of leadership is required.
C) Fiedler suggests that leaders should adapt themselves to match the situation.
D) Relationship-oriented leaders are more successful at the extremes of leadership situations.

Question 24

 According to the leader-member exchange theory, leaders treat each member differently.

Question 25

 Fiedler's contingency model suggests that the situation should be changed to match the leader.

Question 26

 Esther avoids micromanaging and allows subordinates to work autonomously. She takes action only when work falls below standards, allowing subordinates to learn from mistakes and become more functionally independent. Esther is demonstrating

A) active CR.
B) passive CR.
C) active MBE.
D) passive MBE.

Question 27

 Define transactional and transformational leadership styles. Identify their components.

Question 28

 All charismatic leaders tend to be positive role models.

Question 29

 Leadership substitutes refer to

A) aspects of a situation that make leadership unnecessary.
B) aspects that influence the external environment affecting leadership.
C) aspects that overlook a crucial component of the leadership construct.
D) aspects that hinder a leader's ability to act a particular way.

Question 30

 Define Fiedler's contingency model and situational leadership.

Question 31

 Mona has an employee who is very skilled yet lacks the motivation to function at his best. Based on Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, Mona should

A) be directive.
B) act as a guide.
C) focus on delegation.
D) offer support.

Question 32

 Roberto has an employee who is excited and passionate about her position but has not developed the necessary skills to be successful. Based on Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, Roberto should

A) be directive.
B) act as a guide.
C) focus on delegation.
D) offer support.

Question 33

 Explain the traits-based leadership theory.

Question 34

 Randall has an employee who is highly skilled and highly motivated. Based on Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, Randall should

A) be directive.
B) act as a guide.
C) focus on delegation.
D) offer support.

Question 35

 Leadership substitutes are aspects that hinder a leader's ability to act a particular way.

Question 36

 Discuss the darker side of charismatic leadership.

Question 37

 Which of the following statements refers to House's path-goal theory?

A) A theory of leadership that explains leadership by examining the traits and characteristics of individuals considered to be historically great leaders
B) A theory in which leaders are more effective depending on the favorability of a leadership situation, which is described by leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power of the leader
C) A theory that states that the most important aspect in leadership is the follower's expectation that a task can be accomplished and that it will lead to rewards
D) A theory based on the interplay between the amount of task-related behaviors a leader exhibits and the level at which followers are mature enough to perform a specific task

Question 38

 Hersey and Blanchard believed that

A) leaders are fixed in their leadership style and that the situation should be changed to match the leader.
B) leaders have the flexibility and range of skills to adapt their behavior to the maturity of their subordinates.
C) the most important aspect of leadership is the followers' belief that they can complete a task and that they will gain rewards and satisfaction upon completion.
D) each situation is characterized by certain variables that make the situation either favorable or unfavorable to lead.

Question 39

 Briefly describe task-oriented and relations-oriented leadership styles.

Question 40

 Which of the following aspects of a situation hinder a leader's ability to act in a particular way?

A) Assumptions
B) Neutralizers
C) Competitors
D) Substitutes