Deck 22: Infection Prevention Control

Question 1

A patient asks the nurse why there is no vaccine available for the common cold.Which response by the nurse is correct?

A) The virus mutates too rapidly to develop a vaccine.
B) Vaccines are developed only for very serious illnesses.
C) Researchers are focusing efforts on an HIV vaccine.
D) The virus for the common cold has not been identified.

Answer 1

The virus mutates too rapidly to develop a vaccine.

Question 2

A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush)while receiving intravenous antibiotics to treat a systemic infection.Which type of infection has the patient developed?

A) Endogenous healthcare-related
B) Exogenous healthcare-related
C) Latent
D) Primary

Answer 2

Endogenous healthcare-related

Question 3

To assure effectiveness,when should the nurse stop rubbing antiseptic hand solution over all surfaces of the hands?

A) When fingers feel sticky
B) After 5 to 10 seconds
C) When leaving the client's room
D) Once fingers and hands feel dry

Answer 3

Once fingers and hands feel dry

Question 4

The patient is just beginning to feel symptoms after being exposed to an upper respiratory infection.Which antibody would most likely be found in a test of immunoglobin levels?

A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

Question 5

What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV)administration of immunoglobulin G?

A) Cell-mediated
B) Passive
C) Humoral
D) Active

Question 6

A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg.These findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?

A) Phagocytosis
B) Complement cascade
C) Inflammation
D) Immunity

Question 7

How should the nurse dispose of the breakfast tray of a patient who requires airborne isolation?

A) Place the tray in a specially marked trash can inside the patient's room.
B) Place the tray in a special isolation bag held by a second healthcare worker at the patient's door.
C) Return the tray with a note to dietary services so it can be cleaned and reused for the next meal.
D) Carry the tray to an isolation trash receptacle located in the dirty utility room and dispose of it there.

Question 8

A patient is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy and has a low white blood cell count.Which precaution should the staff take with this patient?

A) Contact
B) Protective
C) Droplet
D) Airborne

Question 9

A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2 days.Currently the patient has a normal temperature.Which stage of infection is the patient most likely experiencing?

A) Incubation
B) Prodromal
C) Decline
D) Convalescence

Question 10

What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized patients?

A) Airborne microbes from other patients
B) Contact with contaminated equipment
C) Hands of healthcare workers
D) Exposure from family members

Question 11

Which activity is of highest priority for maintaining medical asepsis?

A) Washing hands
B) Donning gloves
C) Applying sterile drapes
D) Wearing a gown

Question 12

As a general rule,how much liquid soap should the nurse use for effective hand washing?

A) 2 mL
B) 3 mL
C) 6 mL
D) 7 mL

Question 13

For which range of time must a nurse wash her hands before working in the operating room?

A) 1 to 2 minutes
B) 2 to 4 minutes
C) 2 to 6 minutes
D) 6 to 10 minutes

Question 14

What should the nurse consider for a patient who has a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C)?

A) Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
B) Increased fluids
C) Bedrest
D) Tepid bath

Question 15

Which nursing behavior indicates the highest potential for spreading infections among clients?

A) Disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap
B) Allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds
C) Washes hands only when leaving each room
D) Uses cold water for medical asepsis

Question 16

What is a patient considered who is infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease?

A) Pathogen
B) Fomite
C) Vector
D) Carrier

Question 17

While donning sterile gloves,the nurse notices the edges of the glove package are slightly yellow.The yellow area is over 1 inch away from the gloves and only appears to be on the outside of the glove package.What is the best action for the nurse to take at this point?

A) Continue using the gloves inside the package because the package is intact.
B) Remove gloves from the sterile field and use a new pair of sterile gloves.
C) Throw all supplies away that were to be used and begin again.
D) Use the gloves and make sure the yellow edges of the package do not touch the client.

Question 18

Why is a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-based product as a skin protectant?

A) It prevents microorganisms from adhering to the skin.
B) It facilitates the absorption of latex proteins through the skin.
C) It decreases the risk of latex allergies.
D) It prevents the skin from drying and chaffing.

Question 19

A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis.Which precaution must the nurse institute when caring for this patient?

A) Droplet
B) Airborne
C) Direct contact
D) Indirect contact

Question 20

The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion.Which action is necessary to help maintain sterile technique?

A) Closing the patient's door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field
B) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
C) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field
D) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure

Question 21

In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.

A) Interviewing a client with a productive cough
B) Helping a client to perform his own hygiene care
C) Aiding a client to ambulate after surgery
D) Inserting a peripheral intravenous catheter
E) Emptying a urine collection bag

Question 22

The nurse visits the home of a client with mouth infection.What should the nurse instruct the client to do to adequate disinfect eating utensil?

A) Boil in hot water.
B) Wash in the dishwasher.
C) Soak in a bleach solution.
D) Microwave on the high setting.

Question 23

The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE).Which item should be removed first?

A) Gown
B) Gloves
C) Face shield
D) Hair covering

Question 24

The nurse asks a client with an infection that cannot be identified about recent travel.Why did the nurse assess about travel? Select all that apply.

A) Infected travelers serve as reservoirs for pathogens.
B) It determines which immunizations may be required at this time.
C) Closed spaces in airplanes provide an environment to transmit pathogens.
D) It aids in determining the microorganism to which the client was exposed.
E) It increases the ability to infect many people headed for widespread locations,

Question 25

Which action protects the body against infection? Select all that apply.

A) Eating a healthy,well-balanced diet
B) Being an older adult or an infant
C) Engaging in leisure activities three times a week
D) Exercising for 30 minutes 5 days a week
E) Receiving recommended immunizations

Question 26

The nurse manager is concerned that an epidemic might be occurring.What did the nurse assess to make this clinical determination?

A) Unusual disease pattern
B) Number of clients prescribed antibiotics
C) Increase in clients prescribed the pneumonia vaccination
D) Limited number of clients with the influenza vaccination

Question 27

A patient with tuberculosis is scheduled for computed tomography (CT).How should the nurse proceed? Select all that apply.

A) Question the order because the patient must remain in isolation.
B) Place an N-95 respirator mask on the patient and transport him to the test.
C) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport him to CT lab.
D) Notify the CT department about precautions prior to transport.
E) Notify housekeeping to clean the CT room before the patient arrives.

Question 28

The nurse reviews the results of a client's recent wound culture to determine the microorganism causing the infection.Why is the nurse's action important?

A) Ensures supplies needed for care are available
B) Helps determine the amount of nursing care required
C) Determines whether the microorganism is resistant to antibiotics
D) Estimates the amount of time the client will be hospitalized

Question 29

Alcohol-based solutions for hand hygiene can be used to combat which types of organisms? Select all that apply.

A) Virus
B) Bacterial spores
C) Yeast
D) Mold
E) Protozoa

Question 30

The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired nursing assistive personnel (NAP)about proper hand washing.Which NAP action indicates that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.

A) Uses a paper towel to turn off the faucet
B) Holds fingertips above the wrists while rinsing off the soap
C) Removes all rings and watch before washing hands
D) Cleans underneath each fingernail
E) Rubs hands vigorously for 15 seconds