Deck 17: Multiple Analysis of Variance Manova

Question 1

A management consultant was interested in gauging the success of different motivation-enhancing practices on employees. She had three groups of employees who underwent different types of practices: a group team-building exercise, a confidence-building meeting and the promise of performance-related pay. After the motivational practice, participants were asked to endorse nine statements relating to their motivation (on a five-point Likert scale from 1 = disagree to 5 = agree): (1) I live for succeeding in my job, (2) I look forward to work when I get up in the morning, (3) I do not like missing days through illness, (4) I want to work hard to gain promotion, (5) I am going to be more successful this year than last, (6) I am in this job to pay the bills, (7) People who work harder than me irritate me, (8) I often look on the internet for other jobs, (9) I can't be bothered with work. What analysis should be employed to ascertain whether the three motivational practices had an effect on responses to these nine items?

A) Factor analysis
B) MANOVA
C) Repeated-measures ANOVA
D) Mixed ANOVA

Answer 1

MANOVA

Question 2

Independent variables in MANOVA can be selected after the initial design. In this case the variables are added as?

A) Blocked factors
B) Random factors
C) Fixed factors
D) Blocking factors

Answer 2

Blocking factors

Question 3

MANOVA needs a sample size _______ the sample size in ANOVA?

A) Equal to
B) Smaller than
C) Larger than
D) Twice

Answer 3

Larger than

Question 4

Which of the following is not regarded as an advantage of MANOVA?

A) Researchers can examine several dependent measures at once.
B) It controls for the overall error rate, ensuring that the risk of Type I errors does not increase.
C) It can detect dependent measures which are not theoretically sound.
D) It may be able to detect combined differences in the dependent variables not found by examining the dependent variables independently of one another

Question 5

A research analyst has asked for more information about MANOVA. What is not a requirement or recommendation she should consider when using the test?

A) Larger sample sizes than ANOVA are needed.
B) The sample in each cell must be greater than the number of dependent variables included.
C) Dependent variables should be continuous.
D) Dependent variables should be correlated.

Question 6

A researcher wanted to know if employees in different business functions had different competence levels. She asked employees in finance, marketing and human resources to complete two dimensions of a competence test, an IQ test dimension and an aptitude dimension. The results are give below. What conclusions can be drawn?
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

A R Squared = .004 (Adjusted R Squared = .002)
B R Squared = .008 (Adjusted R Squared = .00
Multiple Comparisons
Scheffé

Based on observed means.
* The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

A) There are differences in competence levels amongst employees in different business functions and the two dimensions distinguish between business functions in the same way.
B) There are differences in competence levels amongst employees in different business functions but the two dimensions do not distinguish between business functions in the same way.
C) There are no differences in competence levels among employees in different business functions.
D) Not enough information is provided to make any conclusions.

Question 7

Which of these statements is not true about MANOVA?

A) It is thought of as an ANOVA for situations in which there are several dependent variables.
B) It is amultivariate test.
C) It can be used when there is only one independent variable.
D) There must be multiple independent variables.

Question 8

The next part of the output is shown below. Which statement is most reflective of these results?

A) There were significant differences between the motivational practice conditions on two items: 'I can't be bothered with work' and 'People who work harder than me irritate me'.
B) There were significant differences between the motivational practice conditions on three items: 'I can't be bothered with work', 'I want to work hard to gain promotion' and 'People who work harder than me irritate me'.
C) I need to transform some of the items.
D) I need to transform all of the items.

Question 9

Similarly, what would you advise is not an assumption for using MANOVA?

A) All observations must be related.
B) There must be equality of variance-covariance matrices.
C) All variables must be multivariate normal.
D) The joint effect of thee two variables must be normally distributed.

Question 10

The market research manager at your organization is trying to explain to colleagues what multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is. She has asked for your help. Which of the following do you think is most representative of the test?

A) It is an extension of analysis of variance with more than one interaction.
B) It is an extension of analysis of variance used to accommodate more than one dependent variable.
C) It is an extension of analysis of variance with more than two independent variables
D) It is an extension of multiple regression that allows the variance to calculated from means

Question 11

The matrix representing the systemic variance, called the hypothesis sum of squares and cross products matrix is denoted by the letter?

A) M
B) H
C) S
D) C

Question 12

You read in a highly regarded marketing research book that there is no test to assess multivariate differences in MANOVA. You aren't sure that this is true, but which of the following would you recommend is correct after doing some research?

A) Roy's largest root
B) Wilk's lambda
C) Greenhouse-Geisser
D) There is no such test

Question 13

The next part of the output is shown below. Which statement best reflects the output provided?

A) There were significant differences between the motivational practice conditions on all items.
B) There were significant differences between the motivational practice conditions on two items: 'I want to work hard to gain promotion' and 'People who work harder than me irritate me'.
C) There were significant differences between the motivational practice conditions on four items: 'I want to work hard to gain promotion', 'I do not like missing days through illness', 'I am in this job to pay the bills' and 'People who work harder than me irritate me'.
D) The motivational practices had no effect on responses to the nine items.

Question 14

In MANOVA the effects of covariates can be evaluated by?

A) A regression equation
B) An examination of the mean differences
C) An examination of the correlation matrix
D) A correlation equation

Question 15

What does MANOVA measure?

A) The variances amongst the correlations between many dependent variables.
B) The group differences between two or more dependent variables.
C) The group differences between two or more independent variables.

Question 16

Part of the SPSS output for data collected in the research (Q1) is below. Which of the following statements best summarizes the output?

A) The type of motivational practice had a significant effect on responses to all of the nine items.
B) The type of motivational practice had a significant effect on responses to at least one of the nine items.
C) The type of motivational practice that a person had could be determined from a linear combination of responses to the nine items.
D) The type of motivational practice had a significant effect on responses to more than half at least of the nine items