Deck 15: Repeated-Measures Designs

Question 1

The marketing analyst is now interested in correcting for this sphericity violation. Which of the following methods is not suitable?

A) Huynh-Feldt correction
B) Mauchly's test statistic
C) Greenhouse-Geisser correction
D) Multivariate test statistics (MANOVA)

Answer 1

Mauchly's test statistic

Question 2

When the assumption of sphericity is violated what action is needed?

A) Correct the model degrees of freedom.
B) Correct the error degrees of freedom.
C) Do both a and b
D) Correct the F-ratio.

Answer 2

Do both a and b

Question 3

What safeguard could the HRM researcher install to overcome the difficulties associated with repeated measures?

A) Counterbalancing
B) Something to keep the trainees awake
C) Measure an appropriate covariate
D) Before and after measurements

Answer 3

Counterbalancing

Question 4

A marketing agency was interested in testing product recall under four conditions using a repeated-measures design. Three participants were included in the analysis. What were the residual degrees of freedom?

A) 3
B) 2
C) 12
D) 11

Question 5

Which of the following is not a source of variability in repeated-measures ANOVA?

A) Between factors
B) Between treatments
C) Between individuals
D) Residual

Question 6

What is not a form of counterbalancing?

A) Even-number algorithms
B) Odd-number algorithms
C) Random number algorithms
D) Heuristics

Question 7

The Greenhouse-Geisser correction represents?

A) Temperature control
B) A way of dealing with sphericity
C) Raising the sample size
D) Lowering humidity

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the assumption of sphericity is not true?

A) It is tested using Mauchly's test in SPSS.
B) It does not apply when a variable has only two levels.
C) It does not apply when multivariate tests are used.
D) It is the assumption that the variances for levels of a repeated-measures variable are equal.

Question 9

Consider the table below, which outlines the results from the training experiment (Q7). What can we infer?

A) There is too much sphericity in the model.
B) There are too many errors in the model.
C) The null hypothesis could be rejected.
D) The null hypothesis must be rejected.

Question 10

If there is evidence of sphericity in a repeated-measures design the outcome could be that?

A) The p-value will be too high.
B) The p-value will be too low.
C) A p-value cannot be computed.
D) The p-value will not be related to the model.

Question 11

When assumptions are violated in repeated-measures ANOVA, a non-parametric test called Friedman's ANOVA can be used in which situations?

A) For any repeated-measures ANOVA design.
B) When you have only one independent variable.
C) When you have two or more independent variables.
D) Never for repeated-measures ANOVA.

Question 12

What is not an advantage of repeated-measures designs in comparison to independent-measures designs?

A) Each participant acts as their own control.
B) Researchers can study cross-cultural effects more easily.
C) Researchers can study trends more easily,
D) They require fewer participants overall.

Question 13

Sphericity is?

A) An assumption that means the data distribution must be round.
B) The critical value area of the graph is round.
C) A way of rounding up the decimal points.
D) An assumption that means the data in each level should uncorrelated.

Question 14

An HRM training researcher observed a situation in which employees learned job-related skills in several conditions: no learning strategy, a verbal learning strategy, a visual one and a verbal-visual one. What considerations would the researchers not need to take into account?

A) Fatigue
B) Learning effects
C) Asymmetric transfer
D) Parametric assumptions

Question 15

Tests of Within-Subjects Effects
Measure: MEASURE_1

In the above analysis the sums of squares are all the same no matter which sphericity correction is applied. This means?

A) The data across all levels are uncorrelated.
B) The data across all levels are correlated.
C) The distributions across the levels forms a sphere.
D) Not enough information.