Deck 14: People on the Move

Question 1

The study of Salvadoran immigrants on Long Island demonstrates that __________.

A)such refugees tend to stay on welfare for many years
B)kinship ties play little role in adaptation
C)many new immigrant people take on low-wage work that other Americans are unwilling to do
D)like many East Asian immigrants, these people are "an economic success story"
E)employment in the informal sector is more lucrative than employment in the formal sector

Answer 1

many new immigrant people take on low-wage work that other Americans are unwilling to do

Question 2

In relationship to migration, the push-pull theory refers to __________.

A)motivations for migrating from rural to urban areas
B)why illegal immigration occurs
C)the circular migration of workers between two places
D)the effect of war on refugee displacement
E)the pervasive feeling of migrants not feeling "at home"

Answer 2

motivations for migrating from rural to urban areas

Question 3

Asian women are the fastest growing category of __________.

A)institutional migrants
B)women refugees
C)political refugees
D)illegal immigrants
E)labor migrants

Answer 3

labor migrants

Question 4

Most Maya people live in __________.

A) Mexico and Guatemala
B)Guatemala and El Salvador
C)Guatemala
D)Honduras and El Salvador
E)Guatemala and the United States

Question 5

Typically, circular migrants are also __________.

A)chain migrants
B)refugees
C)illegal migrants
D)labor migrants
E)institutional migrants

Question 6

Salvadoran migrants to the United States are mainly in the category of __________.

A)unemployed
B)illegal aliens
C)working poor
D)middle class
E)senior citizens

Question 7

A major argument in anthropology and human rights policy about laborers who migrate to the Dominican Republic to cut cane concerns __________.

A)the extensive use of child labor
B)the degree of free will in the participation in cane-cutting in the Dominican Republic
C)the comparison between the situation in the Dominican Republic and the situation of migratory workers from Mexico to the United States
D)whether or not social security should be paid to retired cane-cutters
E)wage discrimination against women

Question 8

The continent with the most internally displaced persons is __________.

A)North America
B)Europe
C)Asia
D)Africa
E)none of the above

Question 9

One key characteristic of the "new immigration" is __________.

A)localization
B)feminization
C)declining numbers
D)specialization
E)juvenilization

Question 10

Among the new immigrant groups in the United States, __________.

A) immigrants from Southeast Asia (especially Vietnam) are one of the better-off immigrant groups
B) the largest number are from the Middle East
C) the largest number come from Mexico
D) none are from the former Soviet Union, since the U.S. has consistently denied entry to refugees from that country
E) Vietnamese constitute the largest number of immigrants

Question 11

A case study of stress among boarding school girls in Madagascar revealed that stress expresses itself through __________.

A)inability to study
B)a high rate of drop-outs
C)spirit possession
D)occasional suicides
E)a high rate of depression

Question 12

Cultural anthropologists study how migration is related to __________.

A)economic systems
B)reproduction
C)religion
D)politics
E)all of the above

Question 13

Research on spirit possession among school girls in Madagascar is an example of a study of __________.

A)a refugee community
B)migrant laborers
C)the bracero system
D)institutional migrants
E)development-induced displacement

Question 14

According to the "lifeboat mentality," __________.

A)people in a group should all have equal entitlements to resources available
B)already established immigrants should take responsibility for helping more recent and needy immigrant groups of the same race or ethnicity
C)the number of people in a group should not be increased because it will reduce resources available to those already in the group
D)life is a hopeless struggle and we are all sinking
E)the government should provide welfare benefits for the unemployed and poor

Question 15

__________ is the process used by immigrants, such as the Dominicans in New York City, to help bring in and settle relatives and friends.

A)localization
B)asylum
C)circular migration
D)right of return
E)chain migration

Question 16

Anthropological research shows that refugees have an easier time adapting to their new location when __________.

A)the "pioneer refugee" is the male head of household
B)they are relocated to a rural area
C)the culture of their destination area resembles the one they left
D)they are relocated to a warm climate
E)they have been able to spend a long period in relocation camps as a "transition" period

Question 17

An example of an institutional migrant is a(n) __________.

A) boarding school student
B) soldier
C) resident in a home for the aged
D) all of the above
E ) none of the above: anthropology does not recognize such a category of migrants as valid

Question 18

Remittances are most closely associated with __________.

A)internally displaced persons
B)military personnel
C)institutional migrants
D)transnational migrants
E)refugees

Question 19

__________ is the country that receives the largest total amount of remittances.

A)India
B)Russia
C)Mexico
D)Brazil
E)Portugal

Question 20

In Beatriz Manz' case study of a Maya group who relocated to the jungle to start a new life, the major threat they experienced in the new location was from __________.

A)tropical diseases
B)lack of clean water
C)lack of electricity and communications
D)lack of schools and teachers
E)political violence

Question 21

In a case described in the textbook, anthropologists combined ethnographic data with data on the environment to provide risk assessments and improve service delivery to African __________.

A)horticulturalists
B)refugees
C)pastoralists
D)foragers
E)internally displaced peoples

Question 22

A challenging issue surrounding Palestinian refugees is __________.

A)whether or not they should have the "right of return"
B)how many refugees there actually are
C)whether they should have citizenship rights in the countries in which they now reside
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 23

The Kingdom of Tonga consists of five large islands.

Question 24

A refugee's entitlement to return and live in his or her homeland __________.

A)is referred to as the right of return
B)has been considered a basic human right in the West since the signing of the Magna Carta
C)is included in a United Nations resolution passed in 1948
D)is a pressing issue for many refugees worldwide including Palestinian refugees following the 1948 war
E)all of the above

Question 25

A major challenge facing Soviet Jewish immigrants to the United States is finding employment commensurate with their training and experience.

Question 26

A major aspect of the new immigration is the increase in female migrants.

Question 27

Soldiers generally receive adequate cultural training before they arrive at a new location that provides them with an in-depth understanding of the context in which they will be operating.

Question 28

Haitian braceros mainly go to Florida for wage work.

Question 29

El Salvador's population is predominantly indigenous.

Question 30

The more different a refugee's place of origin and destination, the easier will be his or her process of adjustment to the new location.

Question 31

The United Nations has authority over the issues surrounding internally displaced persons.

Question 32

Three categories of population movement are internal, international, and transnational migration.

Question 33

Among labor migrant workers, Asian men are the fastest growing category.

Question 34

Internally displaced persons are often forced to leave their communities because of development projects.

Question 35

Cultural anthropologists who study migration tend to do multi-sited research.

Question 36

The Republic of Madagascar is the home of 5 percent of the world's plant and animal species, of which 80 percent are unique to Madagascar.

Question 37

About one in every 10,000 people today is a refugee.

Question 38

Refugees are people who are forced to relocate.

Question 39

The majority of refugees from Vietnam went to Canada.

Question 40

The onset of an economic recession in the United States in 2008 is one factor that contributed to the increased return of Mexican immigrants to Mexico.

Question 41

An example of a refugee group that has had to leave their homeland due to war is __________.

Question 42

Discuss the theoretical debate in cultural anthropology between structurism and agency and describe how it plays out in the context of the bracero system of the Dominican Republic. Explore the strengths and weaknesses of both theoretical angles in terms of the evidence available.

Question 43

Forced migration that is a result of projects like dam building and mining is called __________.

Question 44

About 40 percent of the economic niche of __________ in New York City is filled by "new immigrants" from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

Question 45

In Lebanon, Palestinian refugees are able to become citizens, work, and own land.

Question 46

Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest dam, is located in __________.

Question 47

__________ is the country that is the major source of immigrants to the United States.

Question 48

The term "lifeboat mentality" refers to an ethic of sharing with other during a time of emergency or scarcity.

Question 49

People who migrate for work are referred to as __________.

Question 50

The United Nations has declared the "Right of Return" to be an inalienable human right.

Question 51

__________ are economic transfers of money from migrants to their family back home.

Question 52

__________ is the movement of a person or a group from one place to another.

Question 53

__________ is the fastest-growing category of involuntary migrants.

Question 54

What does the term "transnational migration" mean and what is an example of a transnational migrant group?

Question 55

The theory that says people often move from economically depressed rural areas to urban areas is called __________.

Question 56

A person who moved internationally since the 1960s, especially to the United States and Canada, is referred to as a ___________.

Question 57

Latinos, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans. Dominicans, Salvadorans, Koreans, Hong Kong Chinese, Vietnamese, Khmer Cambodians, South Asian Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Soviet Jews are new immigrant groups in the United States and __________.

Question 58

What is internal migration and what are two examples of it?

Question 59

__________ is a feeling of alienation and isolation due to the breakdown of traditional values.

Question 60

_________ who have migrated to suburban Long Island in the United States, tend to make a living by providing service jobs for better-off households.

Question 61

Name three distinguishing characteristics of the "new immigration"

Question 62

What are some of the political and policy aspects of migration? How do anthropological studies contribute to an understanding of these?

Question 63

Describe some of the negative environmental and cultural aspects of the Three Gorges Dam project.

Question 64

What is the definition of a refugee? What light does research in cultural anthropology shed on this category of migrant?

Question 65

What are two categories of "displaced persons"? Give an ethnographical example of each explaining the cause of the displacement and the challenges the people face in their new location.

Question 66

Discuss the kinds of data collected by the applied research project that seeks to provide risk assessment and improved service delivery for pastoralists.

Question 67

What does the term "lifeboat mentality" mean and how is it related to migration?

Question 68

Describe the factors that led the Maya villagers

Question 69

Explain how the "new immigration" differs from earlier forms of migration. Then discuss two examples of new immigrants. Compare and contrast their reasons for migrating and their patterns of adaptation to the new context.

Question 70

Define circular migration and provide an example as discussed in the textbook.