Deck 5: Personality and Values

Question 1

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are flexible and spontaneous.

A) thinking
B) extraverted
C) introverted
D) feeling
E) perceiving

Answer 1

E

Question 2

According to Gordon Allport, ________ is/are defined as "the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment."

A) values
B) beliefs
C) personality
D) attitudes
E) perceptions

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors but research has tended to support the importance of the environment over heredity.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

An individual who is described as an ESTJ (Extraverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging) on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator can be best described as a(n) ________.

A) visionary
B) conceptualizer
C) innovator
D) organizer
E) leader

Question 5

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classifies people in all of the following categories except ________.

A) extraverted/introverted
B) sensing/intuitive
C) perceiving/judging
D) independent/dependent
E) thinking/feeling

Question 6

According to research, which of the following factors is most likely to influence personality?

A) education
B) heredity
C) friends
D) moods
E) economic background

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

A) Personality is independent of environmental factors.
B) Personality is static.
C) The most common means of measuring personality is through personal interviews.
D) Personality is not affected by hereditary factors.
E) Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Question 8

According to research using the Myers-Type Indicator, you are most likely to have which personality type?

A) thinking
B) sensing
C) introverted
D) extroverted
E) feeling

Question 9

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are visionaries. They usually have original minds and great drive for their own ideas and purposes. They are skeptical, critical, independent, determined, and often stubborn.

A) ESTJ
B) INTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISTJ
E) ESFP

Question 10

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for?

A) sensing/intuitive
B) social/thinking
C) stable/informative
D) sensitive/thinking
E) stable/innovative

Question 11

What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality?

A) It is very difficult to administer.
B) It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
C) It does not include enough dimensions to differentiate all the variety of human personality.
D) It tends to overemphasize intuitive personality traits over analytical personality traits.
E) It does not clearly classify a person into any single type.

Question 12

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type ________.

A) are quiet and shy
B) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture"
C) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
D) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
E) rely on their personal values and emotions

Question 13

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

A) extraverted/intuitive
B) emotional/introverted
C) extraverted/introverted
D) emotional/intuitive
E) empathetic/innovative

Question 14

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "intuitive" type ________.

A) are flexible and spontaneous
B) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
C) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture"
D) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
E) rely on their personal values and emotions

Question 15

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are practical and prefer routine and order.

A) sensing
B) introverted
C) feeling
D) perceiving
E) extraverted

Question 16

Marshall and Joe are brothers. Both are very interested in board games and both are very intellectual. Marshall is very kind and caring while Joe is a bit of a nerd. What is the role that genetics has likely played in the personalities of the two brothers?

A) most likely nothing, it is all about life experience
B) maybe some, after all, they probably grew up together
C) even split, genetics and life experience have shaped them
D) probably little, genetics are a big factor
E) everything, you are who you are

Question 17

Define personality.

Question 18

You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile, and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have ________ classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

A) INTJ
B) ESTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISFP
E) ESTP

Question 19

________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

A) Talent
B) Skill
C) Knowledge
D) Intelligence
E) Personality

Question 20

The ________ is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the world.

A) Rokeach value survey
B) Raymond Cattell 16 Personality Factors model
C) Thematic Apperception test
D) Big Five personality model
E) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Question 21

Jane Simpson rates low on conscientiousness. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about Jane?

A) She will be easily distracted.
B) She will be creative.
C) She will be nervous, depressed, and insecure.
D) She will perform better in jobs that require significant interpersonal interaction.
E) She will be positive and optimistic.

Question 22

Jeremy has a strong extraversion personality with a moderate level of conscientiousness. In which position will Jeremy most likely be successful?

A) personal trainer
B) waiter
C) bank teller
D) police officer
E) accountant

Question 23

Marylyn is a very driven person who seeks to push ideas forward to keep people on their toes; however, she also has a problem with stepping on peoples toes and being overly critical of others. Marylyn probably has high ________ and low ________.

A) emotional stability; agreeableness
B) openness to experience; agreeableness
C) conscientiousness; emotional stability
D) conscientiousness; openness to experience
E) agreeableness; emotional stability

Question 24

Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers?

A) They aren't happy in their lives.
B) They aren't liked by superiors.
C) They don't make many friends.
D) They don't negotiate well.
E) They are prone to impulsive behavior.

Question 25

You are the manager of a small boutique. You have decided to apply the Big Five Model in order to understand your employees and their work habits because it is generally supported by an impressive body of research. You want to use the five dimensions of personality to match individuals with jobs to which they are well-suited. You know that your customers are demanding and sometimes difficult. So the salesperson should be able to withstand high levels of stress. Which personality dimension taps a person's ability to withstand stress?

A) extraversion
B) openness to experience
C) conscientiousness
D) emotional stability
E) agreeableness

Question 26

You wish to predict job satisfaction for each of your employees. Which of the five facets of personality will probably be of the most interest in this case?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) emotional stability
E) openness to experience

Question 27

The ________ dimension of the Big Five Model addresses range of interests and fascination with novelty.

A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) openness to experience
D) extraversion
E) emotional stability

Question 28

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable.

A) low on emotional stability
B) high on openness to experience
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on extraversion
E) low on conscientiousness

Question 29

Which of the following Big Five traits is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and low stress levels?

A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness

Question 30

According to the Big Five Model, people who score high on the ________ dimension are creative, curious, and artistically sensitive.

A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness

Question 31

Which dimension of the Big Five Model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?

A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) extraversion
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 32

Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts?

A) As compared to extraverts, introverts tend to be happier in their jobs and in their lives as a whole.
B) Introverts are more socially dominant than extraverts.
C) Introverts experience more positive emotions than extraverts.
D) Introverts are generally more assertive than extraverts.
E) Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.

Question 33

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below: You are looking for an organizer, a person who is realistic, logical, and analytical. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 34

Which dimension of the Big Five Model is a measure of reliability?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 35

Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting, traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five Model best describes Marina, according to her hobbies?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 36

Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five Model?

A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) intuitiveness
D) emotional stability
E) extraversion

Question 37

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below: You need to choose a lead person for the team. This person must be a visionary; combining an original mind with great drive. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 38

________ is as important for managers as for front-line employees and among all big five traits, this trait is most consistently related to job performance.

A) Extraversion
B) Agreeableness
C) Conscientiousness
D) Emotional stability
E) Openness to experience

Question 39

With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following statements is true regarding highly agreeable people?

A) They tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs such as customer service.
B) They are less compliant and less rule abiding than those who score low on agreeableness.
C) They are more likely to engage in organizational deviance.
D) They are excellent negotiators.
E) They are especially susceptible to workplace accidents.

Question 40

According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________.

A) gregarious, assertive, and sociable
B) nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure
C) creative, curious, and artistically sensitive
D) responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent
E) reserved, timid, and quiet

Question 41

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on the openness to experience dimension tends to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.

Question 42

Individuals scoring ________ are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently in different situations.

A) low on Machiavellianism
B) high on narcissism
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on self-monitoring
E) high on conscientiousness

Question 43

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "feeling" type are flexible and spontaneous.

Question 44

The openness to experience dimension of the Big Five Model captures our comfort level with relationships.

Question 45

Compare the characteristics of extraverts with those of introverts.

Question 46

High Machs perform better when they interact face to face with others rather than indirectly.

Question 47

Describe the Big Five personality dimension of emotional stability and explain how it can predict behavior at work.

Question 48

Describe the personality characteristic of Machiavellianism.

Question 49

What are the various categories in which the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classifies people?

Question 50

Harvey is a very exciting person, people want to be friends with him, and find his company very desirable. Harvey usually takes the lead within his circle of friends and seldom considers what others want. Most likely, Harvey has which of the Dark Triad?

A) Machiavellianism
B) narcissism
C) psychopathy
D) Machiavellianism and narcissism
E) psychopathy and narcissism

Question 51

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured.

Question 52

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below: You need a person who is innovative, individualistic, and versatile and is attracted to entrepreneurial ideas. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 53

High Machs ________ than do low Machs.

A) manipulate less
B) perform better in situations that have several rules and regulations
C) win less
D) are persuaded less
E) persuade others less

Question 54

Describe conscientiousness and explain how it can predict behavior at work.

Question 55

Janet keeps emotional distance from her co-workers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism.

Question 56

Briefly describe the five key traits in the Big Five personality model.

Question 57

Generally, agreeableness is associated with higher levels of career success (especially earnings).

Question 58

Varghese is a high level administrator at an organization. Consistently, he calls employees into his office to point out their mistakes and to inform them of flaws within their performance; however, he never praises his employees nor informs them of positive feedback. Varghese most likely has which of the Dark Triad?

A) Machiavellianism
B) narcissism
C) psychopathy
D) Machiavellianism and narcissism
E) psychopathy and narcissism

Question 59

A high Mach would be most suited for which of the following positions?

A) a manager who leads a team of geographically distant consultants
B) a human resources manager who ensures staff firings do not place the company in legal jeopardy
C) an ombudsman who investigates consumer complaints and mediates their outcome
D) an auditor who checks that all company accounts are kept properly
E) a real estate broker negotiating the lease of large amounts of office space

Question 60

During an annual review, Michel made the following assertion: "When I look at myself and my performance, I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has, not surprisingly, won me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone keeps talking about me; they are all just waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off next! In short, I don't just deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let's face it, the place would simply fall apart." Which of the following personality traits best describes Michel's personality?

A) Type A personality
B) external locus of control
C) high-self monitoring
D) narcissistic
E) high Machiavellianism

Question 61

High self-monitoring managers are less likely to occupy central positions in an organization than low self-monitoring managers.

Question 62

You have decided to use Holland's Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations to help your friends recognize which jobs they would be well-suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. Which of your friends is best suited to being an accountant?

A) Walter
B) Neil
C) Jessica
D) Monica
E) Chris

Question 63

Describe the personality trait of self-monitoring.

Question 64

Which of the following statements is true about people with positive core self-evaluations?

A) They set ambitious goals.
B) They lack persistence.
C) They tend to question their capabilities.
D) They view themselves as powerless over their environment.
E) They are less popular co-workers than those with negative core self-evaluation.

Question 65

Which of the following is not indicative of situational strength?

A) clarity
B) consistency
C) constraints
D) comprehension
E) consequences

Question 66

Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

A) core self-evaluation
B) Machiavellianism
C) Type A personality
D) self-monitoring
E) narcissism

Question 67

Which of the following terms indicates the degree to which people like or dislike themselves?

A) core self-evaluation
B) authoritarianism
C) self-monitoring
D) Machiavellianism
E) agreeableness

Question 68

You have decided to use Holland's Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations to help your friends recognize which jobs they would be well-suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. According to Holland's Typology, Monica's personality type is "________."

A) investigative
B) social
C) realistic
D) artistic
E) enterprising

Question 69

Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct?"

A) values
B) attitudes
C) affects
D) customs
E) traditions

Question 70

Which of the following statements best describes the traits of people having a proactive personality?

A) They identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs.
B) They naturally seem to think about other people a lot, being concerned about their well-being and feelings.
C) They make more rapid decisions and use less information than the low risk takers do.
D) They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation and express behavioral inconsistency.
E) They are more charismatic and thus are more likely to emerge as leaders and display better psychological health.

Question 71

Merry is normally a very quiet person who remains somewhat quiet during conversations and social settings. Merry is also the reigning national debate club champion. According to the Trait Activation Theory, what happens to Merry at competitions?

A) She becomes highly narcissistic and is rude to the other competitors.
B) Being at the competition causes Merry to draw on normally unused traits.
C) Merry stops pretending to be shy.
D) Being at the competition causes Merry to internalize.
E) Merry wins by not saying much.

Question 72

Those with a ________ personality identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs, compared to others who passively react to situations.

A) high self-monitoring
B) proactive
C) high Mach
D) low other-orientation
E) narcissist

Question 73

Which of the following statements is not true regarding values?

A) They are partly determined by our genetically transmitted traits.
B) They tend to be relatively stable and enduring.
C) They have both content and intensity attributes.
D) They carry an individual's ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable.
E) There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.

Question 74

When we rank an individual's values in order of their ________, we obtain the person's value system.

A) intensity
B) content
C) context
D) social acceptance
E) social needs

Question 75

Individuals high in self-monitoring ________.

A) show considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior to external situational factors
B) are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe ends can justify means
C) have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and are arrogant
D) are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable
E) tend to dislike themselves and view themselves as powerless over their environment

Question 76

Explain the effect of core self-evaluation on job performance.

Question 77

As compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors ________.

A) tend to be more mobile in their careers
B) pay closer attention to the behavior of others
C) receive better performance ratings
D) are less likely to emerge as leaders
E) show less commitment to their organizations

Question 78

High self-monitors tend to pay less attention to the behavior of other people than do low self-monitors.

Question 79

Lydia works as a 911 operator. Her job strength is dictated most likely by ________.

A) clarity
B) consistency
C) constraints
D) comprehension
E) consequences

Question 80

You have decided to use Holland's Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations to help your friends recognize which jobs they would be well-suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Jessica is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Chris is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. Which of your friends is most likely to find a successful career as a writer?

A) Walter
B) Neil
C) Jessica
D) Monica
E) Chris