Deck 6: Social Development

Question 1

In a behavioural genetics study reported by Turkheimer (2003) it was found that educational achievement was...

A) Largely genetic for poorer children, largely environmental for well-off children
B) Largely genetic for well-off children, largely environmental for poorer children
C) largely genetic for both groups of children
D) Largely environmental for both groups of children

Answer 1

Largely genetic for well-off children, largely environmental for poorer children

Question 2

Approximately what proportion of individuals is classified as insecurely attached?

A) A third
B) A tenth
C) A fifth
D) A half

Answer 2

A third

Question 3

According to Haidt and Joseph (2004) which moral domain is associated with disgust?

A) Fairness/reciprocity
B) Harm/Care
C) Purity/sanctity
D) Authority/respect

Answer 3

Purity/sanctity

Question 4

Who suggested that infanticide might be the result of implicit cost-benefit analysis?

A) Draper and Harpending
B) Daly and Wilson
C) Ainsworth and Bowlby
D) Belsky and Chisholm

Question 5

Life history theory argues that fitness can be grouped into two categories:

A) Allocation and reproductive effort
B) Allocation and somatic effort
C) r and K effort
D) Somatic and reproductive effort

Question 6

The BSD (Belsky, Steinberg, Draper) theory a species, increased environmental riskiness is thought to lead to individuals maximising____ reproductive success at the expense of____ reproductive success.

A) Direct, indirect
B) Indirect, direct
C) Current, future
D) Future, current

Question 7

In the strange situation test a child shows high anxiety when its mother leaves and is not easily comforted when its mother returns, what kind of attachment style is this?

A) Secure attachment
B) Disorganised attachment
C) Insecure avoidant
D) Insecure resistant

Question 8

In Haidt's theory, what is a moral illusion?

A) Something that evokes moral emotions but cannot be verbally justified
B) Something that can be verbally justified but produces no moral emotions
C) Something that produces no emotional or cognitive response
D) Something that is considered moral only by philosophers

Question 9

Group socialization theory (Harris, 1994) suggests that the biggest effect that parents have is

A) Whether they are divorced or not
B) Their parenting skills
C) Their educational levels
D) Their genes

Question 10

According to Belsky (2005) when the environment is relatively stable, children will benefit most from which of the following?

A) Learning from older children
B) Individual problem solving
C) Learning from their peers
D) Learning from their parents

Question 11

Which of the following is thought to lead to children to maximise future reproductive success?

A) Father absence
B) Harsh maternal environment
C) Mother older than average
D) Low birth weight

Question 12

The principle of double effect states that it is permissible to harm someone only if

A) The person is not actually physically touched
B) There is a greater overall benefit by harming the person than not harming them
C) The harm is not a means to an end
D) You only harm them once

Question 13

Turkheimer (2000) reports that most studies show that the shared environment accounts for around ____ of the variation in most traits

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 80%

Question 14

Recent research is starting to show that psychopaths moral reasoning may be characterised as what?

A) Passionate
B) Dispassionate
C) Absent
D) Emotionally charged

Question 15

Behavioural geneticists divide the environment of developing children into:

A) Common and shared
B) Shared and passive
C) Common and unique
D) Shared and unique

Question 16

In life history theory, which of the following is considered to be somatic effort?

A) Sexual reproducing
B) Maturation
C) Producing offspring
D) Rearing offspring

Question 17

A study on siblings of divorced parents by Titcher and Ellis (2008) found younger siblings experienced menarche________ which________the BSD (Belsky, Steinberg, Draper) theory

A) Earlier, supports
B) Later, supports
C) Earlier, contradicts
D) Later, contradicts

Question 18

Koenigs et al (2007) found that people with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex tend to make moral decisions that are

A) Slower
B) Faster
C) More utilitarian
D) More emotionally based

Question 19

What is the name of the category of gene-environment interaction where a child with some genetic trait will tend to seek out environments commensurate with that trait?

A) Passive
B) Active
C) Reactive
D) Evocative

Question 20

Differing reproductive strategies that occur within a species are known as the:

A) r-K continuum
B) r-F continuum
C) C-F continuum
D) C-K continuum