Deck 7: Exercise and the Immune System

Question 1

The acquired immune system is often referred to as

A)the innate immune system.
B)the evolving immune system.
C)the adaptive immune system.
D)None of the above answers are correct

Answer 1

C

Question 2

High circulating levels of cortisol has been reported to depress immune function in several ways including:

A)inhibit the function of cytokines.
B)suppress natural killer cell function.
C)depress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
D)both A and B are correct

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Field studies suggest that living and exercising at high altitude

A)does not influence immune function.
B)improves immune function by increasing killer cells.
C)improves immune function by increasing the levels of circulating antibodies.
D)depresses immune function and increases the risk of upper respiratory tract infection.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Several life-style factors can have a negative impact on immune function;these include

A)inadequate nutrition.
B)mental stress.
C)poor sleep habits.
D)all the above answers are correct

Question 5

In acute inflammation,vasodilation results in

A)edema.
B)increased blood flow to the damaged tissue.
C)swelling.
D)all of the above answers are correct.

Question 6

The J-shaped relationship between the intensity of exercise and the risk of URTI suggests that the risk URTI is lowest in people who

A)are sedentary.
B)engage in moderate exercise.
C)engage in vigorous exercise.
D)none of the above answers are correct

Question 7

Which of the following immune cells are classified as a leukocyte?

A)cytokines
B)B-cells
C)complement system
D)neutrophils

Question 8

The first line of defense to protect the body against foreign invaders is

A)physical barriers.
B)cellular components.
C)white blood cells.
D)natural killer cells.

Question 9

The term immunity

A)relates to the fact that cell membranes protect against germs entering the cell.
B)refers to all of the mechanisms used in the body to protect against foreign agents.
C)describes the ability of physical barriers to protect against injury to the skin.
D)None of the above answers are correct

Question 10

An acute bout of exercise performed in a hot environment

A)results in a depression of the acquired immune system.
B)does not have a negative impact on the function of key cells involved in immune function.
C)results in a depression of the innate immune system.
D)both A and C are correct

Question 11

Immunosenescence is a decreased immune function in

A)children.
B)athletes.
C)sedentary adults.
D)the elderly.

Question 12

In the adaptive immune system,the primary role of B cells is to

A)produce antibodies.
B)secrete cytokines to enhance the immune response.
C)act as phagocytes.
D)attack cancer cells.

Question 13

The component of the immune system that destroys bacteria by creating holes in the surface of the bacterium is the

A)adaptive immune system.
B)antigen-antibody system.
C)inflammation system.
D)complement system.

Question 14

Immunoglobulins are also called

A)antigens.
B)antibodies.
C)viruses.
D)cytokines.

Question 15

Which of the following immune cells are a component of the innate immune system?

A)killer T cells
B)helper T cells
C)natural killer cells
D)B cells

Question 16

Exercise should be avoided if cold symptoms

A)include a fever.
B)are above the neck.
C)include a runny nose or nasal congestion.
D)all of the above answers are correct

Question 17

An acute bout of prolonged and/or high intensity exercise may have a temporary depressive effect on the immune system.This response may be due to

A)decreased blood levels of B-cells,T-cells,and natural killer cells.
B)decreases in killer cell activity.
C)decreases in nasal neutrophil phagocytosis.
D)All of the above answers are correct

Question 18

B-cells function as a key component of the immune system by

A)producing antibodies.
B)acting as phagocytes to remove bacteria.
C)acting as an antigen.
D)producing proteins involved in the complement system.

Question 19

A single bout of exercise can reduce the risk of infection by increasing blood levels of

A)antibodies.
B)natural killer cells.
C)neutrophils.
D)All of the above answers are correct.

Question 20

The innate immune system is comprised of

A)physical barriers only.
B)cellular components only.
C)complement proteins only.
D)physical barrier,cellular components,and complement proteins.

Question 21

Key components of the innate immune system include

A)neutrophils,macrophages,and natural killer cells.
B)neutrophils,T-cells,and natural killer cells.
C)neutrophils,B-cells,and natural killer cells.
D)neutrophils,T-cells,and T-lymphocytes.

Question 22

Exercising in a cold environment has been shown to increase the risk of upper respiratory tract infections.

Question 23

A healthy immune system requires the teamwork of two layers of immune protection that include innate immunity and the acquired immune system.

Question 24

Physical barriers provide the second line of defense against infection.

Question 25

Macrophages can contribute to innate immunity in several important ways.These include

A)phagocytosis,production of platelets,and creation of cytokines.
B)phagocytosis,production of antibodies,and creation of cytokines.
C)phagocytosis,production of natural killer cells,and creation of cytokines.
D)phagocytosis and production of cytokines.

Question 26

The increased risk of infection that occurs with living and exercising at high altitudes may arise from a combination of stresses including sleep disorders and low arterial oxygen levels.

Question 27

Exercising during a cold is not recommended if your cold symptoms get worse with physical activity.

Question 28

The strategy of neutrophils to fight infection involves

A)their function as killer cells in antibody dependent immune response.
B)phagocytosis.
C)release of chemical involved in inflammation.
D)both B and C are correct

Question 29

An important function of the acquired immune system is to assist the body in

A)recognizing and remembering specific pathogens (to protect against infection).
B)mounting stronger attacks each time a repeating pathogen is encountered.
C)removing bacteria by phagocytosis.
D)both A and B are correct

Question 30

A "J" shaped model exists to explain the relationship between varying amounts of exercise and the risk of upper respiratory tract infections.This curve suggests that the risk of infection ___________.

A)is lowest in sedentary individuals.
B)is lowest in individuals that engage in regular bouts of moderate exercise (i.e. ,moderate in both volume and intensity of exercise).
C)is lowest in individuals that engage in regular bouts of high intensity and long duration exercise.
D)does not differ between sedentary and exercise trained individuals.