Deck 13: C: Religion

Question 1

Elizabeth Cady Stanton's 1895 book The Woman's Bible was one of the first examples of a woman challenging the traditional Christian interpretation of

A)sexuality.
B)charity.
C)property ownership.
D)gender roles.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which classical theorist formulated religion as "the sigh of the oppressed creature,the heart of a heartless world ...the opium of the people."

A)Durkheim
B)Weber
C)Marx
D)Nietzsche

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Durkheim,in his discussion of religion,separated the world into

A)the profane and the sacred.
B)secular and religious.
C)beliefs and facts.
D)evidence and unsubstantiated convictions.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

_______ is a set of organized beliefs about the supernatural or spiritual world that guides behaviour and joins people into communities of believers.

A)A cult
B)A sect
C)Religion
D)Faith

Question 5

Jan is conducting a comparative study in which she examines how religion is used by the social,political,and economic elite to control workers.She is most likely coming out of which theoretical camp?

A)Functionalism
B)Conflict theory
C)Symbolic interactionism
D)Post-structuralism

Question 6

Conflict theorists suggest all of the following about religion except

A)religion is socially constructed.
B)religion is built on economic relationships.
C)religion increases feelings of frustration from alienation.
D)religion is used to control workers.

Question 7

In Durkheim's analysis of religion,those things that we set apart,ritualize,and at times have deep emotional connections to belong to this realm.

A)Transformative
B)Profane
C)Mystical
D)Sacred

Question 8

According to Andersen and Francis (2006),how many phases do people undergo when converting to a new religion?

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)six

Question 9

Durkheim refers to the system of shared meanings and world views that bind people together as a group's

A)collective conscience.
B)common sense knowledge.
C)unconscious collectivity.
D)ethnoculture.

Question 10

Rituals help reinforce group membership in all of the following ways except

A)they regulate moral behaviour.
B)they empower people.
C)they promote social cohesion.
D)they assist believers in moving beyond their group's myths.

Question 11

A totem refers to

A)the secular aspects of life.
B)the things that we set apart,ritualize,and at times have deep emotional connections to.
C)an object that has special significance and meaning for a group of believers.
D)a pole that has sacred meaning attached to it.

Question 12

False consciousness results in

A)people becoming aware of their true social condition.
B)an illusion that not only makes the proletariats' pain of oppression bearable,but also keeps them submissive.
C)people coming together to make change.
D)people becoming aware of their true social self.

Question 13

Which perspective suggests that religion is socially constructed and works to control workers?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 14

Which theoretical approach is most likely to emphasize that religion provides social control through the establishment of moral standards of behaviour?

A)Functionalism
B)Conflict theory
C)Symbolic interactionism
D)Post-structuralism

Question 15

Which perspective suggests that religion serves an important purpose?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 16

________ refers to a movement by religious fundamentalists who advocate a literal interpretation of the Bible to promote greater social equality.

A)Liberation theology
B)Liberal theology
C)Doctrine of predestination
D)A "calling"

Question 17

Which perspective suggests that religion is an important source of rituals and symbols that help to define people's perceptions of their social world?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 18

Which is not a function of religion,according to functionalists?

A)Religion promotes social stability.
B)Religion promotes a sense of belonging.
C)Religion provides people with a social identity.
D)Religion functions solely for those in positions of authority.

Question 19

_____________ challenges the rich and the powerful by advocating for income redistribution in society.

A)Liberation theology
B)Equality
C)Equity
D)Redistributive justice

Question 20

____________ refers to an organized belief system that is based on conviction that does not require objective evidence to substantiate its claims.

A)Religion
B)Faith
C)Cult
D)Worldview

Question 21

When sacred symbols are integrated into the broader society regardless of their individual religious affiliations,it is known as

A)spiritualism.
B)polytheism.
C)civil society.
D)secular religion.

Question 22

When a member of an outlaw motorcycle club obtains his "colours," or a police cadet obtains his badge,this is a form of

A)ritual as regulating moral behaviour.
B)ritual as remembering.
C)ritual as social bonding.
D)ritual as empowerment.

Question 23

Recent estimates suggest that there are approximately _______ people in the world who do not subscribe to any formal religion,whether as agnostics or atheists.

A)10 million
B)25 million
C)50 million
D)1 billion

Question 24

The process by which developed societies move away from explanations based on religion to ones based on science,rationality,and logic is known as

A)de-sacralization of society.
B)succession.
C)secularization.
D)civilization process.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a significant reason for the relative decline of both Protestantism and Catholicism in Canada?

A)Immigration
B)Aging congregations
C)Individualism
D)More critical thinking

Question 26

Converting refers to

A)an attempt to bring members of other belief systems into your own.
B)a belief that encourages believers to seek spiritual truth.
C)a belief that encourages believers to seek moral truth.
D)an attempt to keep members of other belief systems separate from your own.

Question 27

A church refers to

A)an institution that brings together a moral community of believers in formal worship and is integrated within the larger society.
B)an institution that brings together a moral community of believers in formal worship and is separate from the larger society.
C)a group of people that informally worship and is separate from the larger society.
D)an institution that brings together a moral community of believers in an informal worship and is integrated within the larger society.

Question 28

Which perspective emphasizes that the Bible was a literary work that was written by men and constitutes a clear expression of patriarchy?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 29

______________ is a form of government in which a god or other supernatural being is seen as the supreme civil ruler.

A)Theocracy
B)Meritocracy
C)Patriarchy
D)Monogamy

Question 30

___________________ is an informal group without defined structure that often emerges around authoritarian and charismatic leaders.

A)A new religious movement
B)A sect
C)A cult
D)Mysticism

Question 31

What is the fastest-growing religion in the world today?

A)Secular spirituality
B)Christianity
C)Islam
D)Judaism

Question 32

Religious beliefs grow out of

A)oppressive conditions.
B)superstition.
C)impoverished conditions.
D)various living conditions.

Question 33

A small religious body,with exclusive or voluntary membership,that is aloof from or hostile to the larger society is called a

A)cult.
B)sect.
C)denomination.
D)ecclesia.

Question 34

Christianity is the world's largest religion,with more than __________ adherents.

A)500 000
B)2 million
C)50 million
D)2 billion

Question 35

What percentage of Canadians reported having "no religion" in 2001,as compared to less than 1 percent in 1971?

A)2
B)5
C)11
D)16

Question 36

A religion that identifies with a single,all-powerful,all-knowing god is

A)monotheistic.
B)animistic.
C)totemistic.
D)nucleotheistic.

Question 37

Secularization refers to all of the following except

A)the decline of the power of religion.
B)a shift in knowledge from explanations based on religion to science.
C)religious institutions playing a greater role in society.
D)an increased focus on day-to-day experiences.

Question 38

In the classification system of the world's major religions developed by Weber,which of the following was not one of the major orientations by which people view the world and their place in it?

A)Other people
B)Nature
C)The Body
D)Dreams

Question 39

Suri believes strongly in karma,and that essentially,one reaps what one sows.Her beliefs are influenced by

A)Buddhism.
B)Hinduism.
C)Confucianism.
D)Jehovah's Witnesses.

Question 40

Who believes that religion is a form of social control through establishing a particular moral code of behaviour?

A)Interactionists
B)Feminists
C)Functionalists
D)Conflict theorists

Question 41

The 1978 Camp David Peace Accord was between

A)Egypt,Syria,and Jordan.
B)Germany,Israel,and Palestine.
C)the US,Egypt,and Israel.
D)the US,Israel,and Palestine.

Question 42

Feminist perspectives on religion conclude that

A)there is no winning for women in patriarchal religions.
B)the Bible is misogynistic.
C)women reinforce the religious inequalities through their need for support and compassion in order to answer life's questions.
D)There is no single feminist approach to religion.

Question 43

Political movements can also be seen in terms of religious fervour.The extremist Branch Davidians of Waco,Texas (led by David Koresh),were an example of

A)religion as used by the social,political,and economic elite.
B)ritual as empowerment.
C)religious indoctrination and identity.
D)religious obsolescence.

Question 44

The moral responsibilities and guidelines that define an entire way of life is referred to as

A)Jen.
B)karma.
C)dharma.
D)faith.

Question 45

Which belief is concerned with how one should live in the present rather than being concerned with what one gets upon death?

A)Judaism
B)Confucianism
C)Agnosticism
D)Sikhism

Question 46

Tylor believed that the soul developed through

A)pantheism.
B)animism.
C)polytheism.
D)monotheism.

Question 47

What theoretical perspective is related to the notion that "people are more susceptible to fundamentalist ideals that promise a new life"?

A)Functionalist
B)Conflict theory
C)Postmodernism
D)Symbolic interactionism

Question 48

A decline in church membership may be conversely related to

A)dissatisfaction among younger generations.
B)a drift away from religion coupled with an attraction to fundamentalist movements.
C)increased immigration leading to joining other congregations.
D)the trend toward spirituality and modernization.

Question 49

Which of the following is not one of the functions of religion within society,according to functionalists?

A)Religion provides people with a sense of identity.
B)Religion helps to protect cultures from attempted assimilation by dominant groups.
C)Religion provides a social service function.
D)Religion provides people with a sense of purpose and brings meaning to their lives.

Question 50

The use of specific bowls for feeding pets and other bowls for feeding humans illustrates the practical application of the principle of

A)pure and impure.
B)animal and human.
C)sacred and profane.
D)secular and spiritual.

Question 51

Sunni and Shiite groups are defined as

A)new religious movements.
B)sects.
C)denominations.
D)fundamentalist movements.

Question 52

______ upholds the belief in defending the freedom to worship other religions just as they would their own.

A)Buddhism
B)Hinduism
C)Sikhism
D)Christianity

Question 53

Symbolic interactionists would view human sacrifice rituals as

A)ritual as remembering.
B)ritual as empowerment.
C)ritual as regulating moral behaviour.
D)ritual as social bonding.

Question 54

_________ is the belief that all of our thinking is contextual and the result of negotiated realities.

A)Post-structuralism
B)Symbolic interaction
C)Conflict theory
D)Functionalism

Question 55

How many Canadians identify themselves as either Roman Catholic or Protestant?

A)7 out of 10
B)3 out of 5
C)4 out of 9
D)8 out of 10

Question 56

Which religious belief is based on a code of self discipline and meditation intended to sustain relationships that further loyalty,respect,and morality?

A)Christianity
B)Confucianism
C)Judaism
D)Scientology

Question 57

____ is a benevolent humanitarian attitude.

A)Karma
B)Reciprocity
C)Jen
D)Nirvana

Question 58

Hindus believe in samsara,or what we refer to commonly as

A)qi.
B)karma.
C)reincarnation.
D)justice.

Question 59

For initiates converting to a new religion,the second phase is one of

A)incorporation.
B)acceptance.
C)mediation.
D)severance.

Question 60

According to Sikh tradition,baptized Sikhs should always carry a kanga,which is a

A)ceremonial sword.
B)steel bracelet.
C)comb.
D)holy book.

Question 61

If you are a member of one of the oldest and smallest religions in the world and trace your spiritual lineage to an ancient literary figure,you are most likely

A)Christian.
B)Muslim.
C)Sikh.
D)Jewish.

Question 62

The fact that the Sikh religion requires male followers to leave their hair uncut is an example of the concept of

A)conversion.
B)ritual.
C)docile bodies.
D)sanctification.

Question 63

Weber would classify Hare Krishnas,who seek spiritual enlightenment while living a simpler and more natural way of life in separate communities,as

A)ascetics.
B)inner-worldly.
C)other-worldly.
D)monks.

Question 64

If you follow the beliefs of an ancient philosopher and hold strongly collectivistic values,you are most likely

A)Hindu.
B)Buddhist.
C)Confucian.
D)Sikh.

Question 65

If you are a disillusioned Hindu who believes that you reap what you sow and are hoping to some day reach nirvana,you are most likely

A)Confucian.
B)Buddhist.
C)Sikh.
D)Shiite Muslim.

Question 66

When followers of Jesus Christ established the Christian church,Christianity went from being a new religious movement to a formal religion through which of the following processes?

A)Conversion
B)Routinization of charisma
C)Ritual
D)Restoration

Question 67

The continuing dominance of the Vatican in Rome,Italy,is an example of that country's commitment to

A)routinization of charisma.
B)ecclesia.
C)religious pluralism.
D)civil religion.

Question 68

If you do not believe in one supreme being and are engaged in the search for truth while hoping to reach moksha,a state of spiritual perfection,you are most likely

A)Sikh.
B)Hindu.
C)Buddhist.
D)Confucian.

Question 69

If you are in the demographic group least likely to be religious in Canada currently,you are most likely

A)a baby boomer.
B)a senior.
C)a teenager.
D)Generation X.

Question 70

The ritual of "taking communion," commonly practised within many Christian denominations and representing Jesus' last supper with his disciples,is an example of which of the following?

A)Ritual as empowerment.
B)Ritual as social bonding.
C)Ritual as remembering.
D)Ritual as regulating moral behaviour.

Question 71

Tylor would have described the stage of religious evolution where the Greeks worshipped gods such as Zeus,Poseidon,Hades,Athena,and Aphrodite as

A)monotheism.
B)animism.
C)diffuse polytheism.
D)hierarchal polytheism.

Question 72

Jim Jones,the infamous leader of the American new religious movement known as the People's Temple in Jonestown,Guyana,led his followers to mass suicide.This is an example of

A)religious conversion.
B)a sect.
C)charismatic authority.
D)religious pluralism.

Question 73

Pascal's Wager,where he argues that we ought to believe in God because if we do and he does exist we are much better off than the other options (particularly if we don't believe and he does exist),runs contrary to which of the following?

A)Agnosticism
B)Fundamentalism
C)Christianity
D)Atheism

Question 74

The fact that,in the past 60 years,we have seen religious service attendance in Canada drop by some 40 percent is an example of

A)secularization.
B)fundamentalism.
C)atheism.
D)declining institutional authority.

Question 75

If you believe less in the afterlife than in the here and now and would never consider going door to door to promote your beliefs,you are most likely

A)Sikh.
B)Jehovah's Witness.
C)Buddhist.
D)Confucian.