Deck 5: Stress

Question 1

Challenge stressors have a moderate negative relationship with organizational commitment.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: Challenge stressors have a moderate positive relationship with organizational commitment. People who experience higher levels of challenge stressors tend to have higher levels of affective commitment and normative commitment. Relationships with continuance commitment are weaker.

Question 2

Work-family conflict is an example of work hindrance stressor.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: Nonwork hindrance stressors include work-family conflict, a special form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfillment of the demands of a family role (or vice versa).

Question 3

A critical factor that determines coping strategy choice is the degree to which people believe that a particular strategy gives them some degree of control over the stressor or how they feel about it.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: A critical factor that determines coping strategy choice is the degree to which people believe that a particular strategy gives them some degree of control over the stressor or how they feel about it.

Question 4

Stressors can cause gastrointestinal system problems.

Question 5

Challenge stressors have a weak positive relationship with job performance.

Question 6

The particular demands that cause people to experience stress are called strains.

Question 7

Social support refers to the help that people receive when they are confronted with stressful demands.

Question 8

When people first encounter stressors, the process of primary appraisal is triggered.

Question 9

Hindrance stressors often trigger positive emotions such as pride and enthusiasm.

Question 10

Most people appraise situations with high time pressure as rather stressful, and they also tend to appraise these situations as more hindering than challenging.

Question 11

Hindrance stressors have a strong positive relationship with job performance.

Question 12

Supportive practices are one way of helping employees cope with stressful demands.

Question 13

Role ambiguity is often experienced among new employees who have not been around long enough to receive instructions from supervisors or observe and model the role behaviors of more senior colleagues.

Question 14

Exercise programs are particularly successful because they reduce the types of stressors that employees encounter.

Question 15

The first step in managing stress is to assess colleagues in the workplace.

Question 16

Family time demands include participation in formal education programs, music lessons, sports-related training, hobby-related self-education, participation in local government, and volunteer work.

Question 17

In general, relaxation techniques to reduce strain attempt to help people appraise and cope with stressors in a more rational manner.

Question 18

Kathleen thought her college studies had prepared her completely for her new job as a restaurant manager. She is completely surprised by the amount of responsibility that has immediately been given to her and the number of skills she is expected to already have. Combined with the amount of pressure she is under to get all the staffing and ordering forms filled out and filed, she is feeling quite stressed. Kathleen is experiencing work-related challenge stress.

Question 19

Hindrance stressors such as role ambiguity, conflict, and overload not only cause strain but also decrease commitment and job performance.

Question 20

Instrumental support refers to the help people receive that can be used to address the stressful demand directly.

Question 21

Alberto works as a receptionist for a graphic design firm. His daily job duties include making copies, replying to e-mails, answering phones, and greeting people who enter the office. This suite of tasks, when they are not overly taxing or exceeding his capacity, are called

A) benign job demands.
B) primary appraisals.
C) Type A activities.
D) stressors.
E) strains.

Question 22

Nobuko is a customer service representative at Call Center Central. She thought a job answering phones all day would be easy, and at first it seemed to be. But over time, the large daily call volume and number of angry or aggressive callers made her edgy, and she found herself being short with customers for no reason. She started having muscle spasms and began to get headaches while at work. Nobuko's physical symptoms are examples of

A) poor decision-making.
B) personality quirks.
C) stress reduction.
D) stressors.
E) strains.

Question 23

Angela is working as the head of sales at Blue Mountain Cola. Her work requires her to travel extensively and meet customers in various countries. However, Angela's role also requires her to mentor several sales representatives who work under her and keep track of their progress. Because Angela stays away from her office most of the time, she finds it difficult to manage both types of work responsibilities. Angela faces which of the following challenges?

A) role complexities
B) role conflict
C) role penetration
D) role ambiguity
E) role enrichment

Question 24

________ are stressful demands that are perceived as hindering progress toward personal accomplishments or goal attainment.

A) Role stressors
B) Time pressures
C) Psychological stressors
D) Hindrance stressors
E) Work complexities

Question 25

________ refers to a work hindrance stressor that occurs when the number of demanding roles a person holds is so high that the person simply cannot perform some or all of the roles very effectively.

A) Time pressure
B) Daily hassle
C) Role overload
D) Role ambiguity
E) Role conflict

Question 26

________ are the negative consequences that occur when demands tax or exceed one's capacity or resources.

A) Strains.
B) Daily hassles
C) Time pressures
D) Type A behavior
E) Cognitive pressures

Question 27

Judy has just started a new job as a checker at Farmer's Grocery. It is her first job after graduating from high school, and she hopes to save enough money in the first year to be able to move in with her boyfriend. In her first week, she befriends two other new checkers, Silvio and Natasha, and she finds the majority of customers to be polite and sociable. At the end of her first week on the job, she checks the upcoming week's work schedule only to discover that she is scheduled to have Tuesday and Friday off instead of Wednesday and Thursday as she requested. She is disappointed because her boyfriend has Wednesdays and Thursdays off from his job as a waiter, and their conflicting schedules means she will not be able to see him much. The next week, she finds that she has Tuesday and Saturday off, despite once again requesting Wednesday and Thursday off. The week after that, she finds herself feeling anxious about going into the break room because she is reluctant to find out if her days off are again different from what she requested. According to what you know about the transactional theory of stress, what will be the next step Judy takes?

A) to ignore the problem and see if her boyfriend can get his work schedule changed to match hers
B) to call in sick on the days she wants to have off and try to pick up extra shifts to make up the difference
C) to confront her manager and demand that her schedule match the schedule she has requested, or else she will quit
D) to decide that no job is worth that kind of hassle and immediately look for a new job that offers a more desirable, fixed schedule
E) to realize the importance of spending time with her boyfriend and understand that a variable work schedule will negatively impact her personal life

Question 28

________ is a work hindrance stressor that occurs from incompatible demands within a single role that a person may hold.

A) Time pressure
B) Daily hassles
C) Role overload
D) Role ambiguity
E) Role conflict

Question 29

First, the network went down, then the guy in the next cubicle would not stop clearing his throat, and now Delia cannot find a sticky note when she needs one. Delia's head hurts, her shoulders are tense, and her back aches. Which of the following statements is True?

A) Delia's inability to find a sticky note is a strain, while her headache is a stressor.
B) The network going down represents a stressor, while Delia's backache is a strain.
C) The guy clearing his throat is a daily hassle, while Delia's tense shoulders are a work outcome.
D) The network going down is a work hassle, while Delia's hurting head and back are daily outcomes.
E) Delia's difficulty finding a sticky note is a primary effects, while her tense shoulders are a secondary outcome.

Question 30

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller. Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Kwame recently received instructions from his supervisor that all tellers will be evaluated on the number of people they assist at their window per day. Serving more customers means higher performance effectiveness. However, Kwame is also expected to follow the bank's number-one goal of customer satisfaction. Rosalinda is facing her own challenges. Two of the regional supervisors suddenly left the bank for other opportunities, resulting in a significant increase in work responsibility and time pressure for Rosalinda and the remaining two supervisors. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job. Kwame is facing which type of stressor?

A) work enlargement
B) work hindrance
C) work enrichment
D) work challenge
E) work complexity

Question 31

Which of the following is defined as a psychological response to demands for which there is something at stake and coping with those demands taxes or exceeds a person's capacity or resources?

A) stressors
B) Type A behavior
C) strains
D) stress
E) Type B behavior

Question 32

Which of these is a work hindrance stressor?

A) family time demands
B) work-family conflict
C) benign job demands
D) financial uncertainty
E) role overload

Question 33

The transactional theory of stress deals with

A) motion-focused behavior coping.
B) primary and secondary appraisal of stress.
C) Type A behavior.
D) instrumental support.
E) presenteeism.

Question 34

Which of the following is an example of a strain?

A) Sylvia leaves her waitressing shift early many days in a row as a result of low customer turnout.
B) Amrita develops insomnia while trying meet the deadline to sequencing a new gene.
C) Dario clocks in late to his retail sales job after a night of partying.
D) Vandaya works a second job to save up money for college.
E) Ahmed sits alone on his lunch hour and reads a book.

Question 35

________ are stressful demands that are perceived as opportunities for learning, growth, and achievement.

A) Challenge stressors
B) Daily hassles
C) Role conflicts
D) Hindrance stressors
E) Work-family conflicts

Question 36

________ are the particular demands that cause people to experience stress.

A) Stressors
B) Type C demands
C) Strains
D) Burnouts
E) Type B demands

Question 37

________ occurs as people evaluate the significance and the meaning of the stressors they are confronting.

A) Primary appraisal
B) Transactional analysis
C) Cognitive appraisal
D) Role conflict
E) Problem-focused appraisal

Question 38

Which of the following best exemplifies benign job demands?

A) Carolina's laptop has been crashing at least three times a day, which makes it difficult for her to get all of her work completed.
B) Rachel has not been given clear instructions on how to prepare month-end financial statements and is worried about doing it wrong.
C) Anaya teaches third grade, and due to budget cuts, she has been forced to shop for her own school supplies on her own time and with her own money.
D) Ferdinand, who fills orders for an online pharmacy, has been told he needs to increase both the number of orders he fills per hour and reduce the number of errors he makes.
E) Gerald works as a shipping clerk at a publisher's warehouse, and although it can be a challenge to load all the pallets onto trucks each day, he takes satisfaction in meeting the afternoon deadline.

Question 39

When people first encounter stressors, the process of ________ is triggered.

A) behavioral appraisal
B) problem-focused appraisal
C) primary appraisal
D) emotional venting
E) critical thinking

Question 40

Alejandro hires Leona as a new sales coordinator at Rainproof Outdoor Gear after the previous coordinator quit unexpectedly. After she completes orientation, Alejandro needs Leona to quickly plan an upcoming sales meeting for all of the company's field sales representatives, who will be gathering at the office in a week to go over the new product line. Despite the fact that her predecessor did little planning for the meeting before she left, Leona wants to make a good impression and begins to prepare the meeting even though she has never planned one before. Three days before the meeting, Alejandro observes Leona in a conference room pacing back and forth and wearing a slightly dazed expression as she shuffles papers around on the table. It is obvious to Alejandro that she is trying to block out meeting rooms for each sales representative group, determine the duration of each presentation, and figure out what kinds of audio-visual equipment will be needed in each room. When he asks if she needs help, Leona smiles and says, "Nope! I've got it all under control." However, Alejandro can tell she is struggling to get things right. Based on what you know about the different types of work hindrance stressors, what should Alejandro do?

A) explain to Leona the basic requirements for the meetings and provide her with the expected times and locations needed for each group presentation
B) take Leona off the project and give it someone with more experience in planning meetings, allowing Leona to observe and take notes
C) avoid interfering and let Leona continue to struggle her way through the task so that she profits from learning by doing
D) step in and plan the meeting himself to ensure that things go smoothly and productivity is not compromised
E) hire a temp to cover Leona's regular duties so that she has more time to devote to planning the meetings

Question 41

Which of these is a nonwork challenge stressor?

A) role overload
B) time pressure
C) role ambiguity
D) a positive life event
E) financial uncertainty

Question 42

Which of the following is a nonwork hindrance stressor?

A) family time demands
B) a positive life event
C) personal development
D) time pressure
E) financial uncertainty

Question 43

Beth is a senior accountant at The American Bank. Her job profile includes preparing monthly financial statements, getting high-net-worth individuals to invest in the bank, and dealing with people who want loans above $30,000. Her work involves a lot of paperwork and she frequently travels to meet clients. The end of each month is especially busy because Beth has to check the audit reports as well. Unable to handle the pressure, Beth speaks to her boss and asks to be given an assistant. This is an example of

A) daily hassles.
B) time pressure.
C) role overload.
D) work complexity.
E) a negative life event.

Question 44

Activities including participation in formal education programs, music lessons, sports-related training, hobby-related self-education, and volunteer work are examples of

A) virtual learning.
B) financial uncertainty.
C) work-family conflict.
D) family time demands.
E) personal development.

Question 45

________ refers to the nature of the obligations that a person has toward others.

A) Job capability
B) Time pressure
C) Work complexity
D) Role conflict
E) Work responsibility

Question 46

Which of these is a work challenge stressor?

A) time pressure
B) daily hassles
C) role overload
D) role ambiguity
E) role conflict

Question 47

Which of the following refers to the degree to which the requirements of the work-in terms of knowledge, skills, and abilities-tax or exceed the capabilities of the person who is responsible for performing the work?

A) work responsibility
B) time pressure
C) work complexity
D) role conflict
E) a negative life event

Question 48

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller. Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Kwame recently received instructions from his supervisor that all tellers will be evaluated on the number of people they assist at their window per day. Serving more customers means higher performance effectiveness. However, Kwame is also expected to follow the bank's number-one goal of customer satisfaction. Rosalinda is facing her own challenges. Two of the regional supervisors suddenly left the bank for other opportunities, resulting in a significant increase in work responsibility and time pressure for Rosalinda and the remaining two supervisors. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job. Rosalinda's stress is related to a

A) cognitive distortion.
B) self-serving bias.
C) nonwork hindrance.
D) challenge stressor.
E) performance hindrance.

Question 49

Gregor has worked in software quality assurance for three years, but is looking for opportunities at other companies as a means to increase his salary and gain responsibility. To prepare for his interview for a software engineer position, he studies programming in his spare time and asks friends who are already programmers for interview tips. Despite his relative lack of experience, he is thrilled when the human resources manager for the new company calls to tell him he has been hired. Although he is eager to please his new boss, he gets nervous when his first assignment requires him to implement a new user interface feature in a programming language he is not very familiar with. While feeling a bit anxious about his ability to complete the task, he uses online tutorials and asks for guidance from co-workers to help him achieve his goal. He has to work late for three nights, but by the end of the week, he is proud to have accomplished the task successfully and have learned new skills in the process. Gregor's path to success is an example of

A) work responsibility.
B) work complexity.
C) role ambiguity.
D) time pressure.
E) role overload.

Question 50

________ refer(s) to the behaviors and thoughts that people use to manage both the stressful demands that they face and the emotions associated with those stressful demands.

A) Coping
B) Cognitive
C) Hindrances
D) Institutional
E) Role overload

Question 51

Family time demands are what type of stressor?

A) nonwork challenge stressor
B) nonwork hindrance stressor
C) work challenge stressor
D) work hindrance stressor
E) emotional stressor

Question 52

Lupe is the assistant editor at the Voice of Today, an online publication. With recent increased readership, the editorial committee had decided to move up the deadline for article submissions to eight hours. This move was not welcomed by the junior writers and editors. Lupe, though unhappy with the decision, faces the problem head on and choses to cope by working faster and harder. This is an example of ________ coping.

A) emotion-focused behavior
B) problem-focused behavior
C) fear-focused cognitive
D) anxiety-focused cognitive
E) stress-focused behavior

Question 53

According to research, which of the following is considered the most stressful life event?

A) divorce
B) jail term
C) pregnancy
D) death of a spouse
E) change in occupation

Question 54

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller. Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Kwame recently received instructions from his supervisor that all tellers will be evaluated on the number of people they assist at their window per day. Serving more customers means higher performance effectiveness. However, Kwame is also expected to follow the bank's number-one goal of customer satisfaction. Rosalinda is facing her own challenges. Two of the regional supervisors suddenly left the bank for other opportunities, resulting in a significant increase in work responsibility and time pressure for Rosalinda and the remaining two supervisors. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job. Sven is encountering stress resulting from

A) work complexity.
B) role conflict.
C) role ambiguity.
D) negative life events.
E) daily hassles.

Question 55

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller. Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Kwame recently received instructions from his supervisor that all tellers will be evaluated on the number of people they assist at their window per day. Serving more customers means higher performance effectiveness. However, Kwame is also expected to follow the bank's number-one goal of customer satisfaction. Rosalinda is facing her own challenges. Two of the regional supervisors suddenly left the bank for other opportunities, resulting in a significant increase in work responsibility and time pressure for Rosalinda and the remaining two supervisors. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job. Kwame, unable to meet both types of expectations associated with his role, is facing

A) role complexity.
B) role conflict.
C) role ambiguity.
D) work responsibility.
E) work enrichment.

Question 56

Meilla is the vice president of marketing at a medical supply company. In a typical work week, she is required to attend three departmental meetings, prepare progress reports, sit in on job interviews for other departments, have one-on-one meetings with each of her five managers, and travel to a satellite location where mock-ups of new products are photographed for catalogs. Most weeks, Meilla puts in more than 70 hours at the office, and she often responds to e-mails while watching movies at home on the weekends. Despite this, she finds herself falling behind. Meilla's experience is an example of

A) a lack of information about what needs to be done to accomplish her tasks.
B) competing expectations from different departments about her job duties.
C) the number of role demands placed on her being too high.
D) the requirements of the job exceeding her capabilities.
E) having too many nonwork obligations.

Question 57

Which of the following is a work challenge stressor?

A) work complexity
B) a positive life event
C) role overload
D) a negative life event
E) role ambiguity

Question 58

Work-family conflict is a type of ________ stressor.

A) nonwork hindrance
B) primary work challenge
C) nonwork challenge
D) work hindrance
E) job enrichment

Question 59

________ refer(s) to the lack of information regarding what needs to be done in a role, as well as unpredictability regarding the consequences of performance in that role.

A) Time pressure
B) Daily hassles
C) Role overload
D) Role ambiguity
E) Role conflict

Question 60

Which of the following reflect(s) the relatively minor routine demands that get in the way of accomplishing the things that we really want to accomplish?

A) family time demands
B) daily hassles
C) personal development
D) positive life events
E) negative life events

Question 61

Which of these is an example of problem-focused coping?

A) maintaining a positive outlook
B) talking to a friend to release pent-up emotions
C) taking time out to listen to some music
D) seeking the assistance of a supervisor
E) dwelling on less annoying aspects of the daily events

Question 62

Coping strategies can be viewed as either ________ focused.

A) problem or emotion
B) behavior or cognition
C) positively or negatively
D) work or nonwork
E) personally or organizationally

Question 63

Self-motivation and changing priorities are examples of ________ coping strategies.

A) fear-avoidance behavior
B) emotion-focused behavior
C) emotion-focused cognitive
D) problem-focused cognitive
E) primary

Question 64

Which if the following is an example of instrumental support?

A) Talisa complains about her boss to a co-worker in the break room.
B) Horatio's husband listens to him complain about his workday over dinner.
C) Odell invites each of his team members to open up to him about their grievances.
D) Jenny offers to answer phones to give the receptionist a chance to get caught up on his filing.
E) Uriel stops at the gym at the end of his shift to work out his frustrations by sparring with a boxing partner.

Question 65

George is a stockbroker in a leading brokerage firm. Recently, he has been assigned several additional tasks. He begins to consume alcohol to cope with the increasing workload. George also becomes demanding and overly critical of his coworkers and his family. In this example, George is exhibiting ________ strain.

A) virtual
B) Type A
C) hindrance
D) behavioral
E) instrumental

Question 66

As manager of the accounting department at the Low Price Warehouse, Babette noticed that the cohesion of the collections team was rather low. Each team member was assigned a section of the alphabet, A-D, E-G, etc., and was responsible for calling only those customers within that particular range. In terms of division of labor, this worked well, but it also kept her employees in their own specific bubbles, resulting in few interactions between team members. To address this, Babette instituted mandatory Friday afternoon meetings where she would provide coffee and brownies, and employees would pair up, and each person would present the other's weekly report to the entire group. She felt this would give the entire team a sense of what others were working on and would encourage healthy competition once everyone knew what everyone else's stats were. As soon as she began holding the meetings, one of her best employees, Jermaine, began leaving the office just before the meetings began. He always turned his reports into her before he left, and they were always accurate and well written, but he never showed up at the meetings. When Babette talked to Jermaine about his absences, he sheepishly explained that he had a fear of talking in front of groups. Applying the concepts behind secondary appraisal, how should Babette deal with Jermaine's avoidance issue?

A) require Jermaine to attend the meetings or be given a formal reprimand
B) arrange for Jermaine to attend an intensive class on effective public speaking
C) discontinue the meetings to make sure Jermaine is not uncomfortable around his colleagues
D) make meeting attendance voluntary and hope that Jermaine will attend when he feels less pressure to do so
E) allow Jermaine to continue to skip the meetings because in every other way his work performance is exceptional

Question 67

Kristen attempts to address time pressure by working harder and seeking assistance in devising a strategy for accomplishing the work more efficiently. In the example, Kristen uses

A) virtual coping.
B) cognitive-based coping.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) Type A coping mechanisms.
E) organizational coping mechanisms.

Question 68

________ is the emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion that results from having to cope with stressful demands on an ongoing basis.

A) Burnout
B) Type A behavior pattern
C) Type B behavior pattern
D) A stressor
E) A benign job demand

Question 69

Depression, anxiety, and anger reflect ________ strain.

A) physiological
B) psychological
C) behavioral
D) nonwork
E) cognitive

Question 70

Which of the following is an example of behavioral coping?

A) Marcel asks his manager for advice on how to create a spreadsheet to track defective items.
B) Rocio conceives of a strategy for more efficiently conducting next month's warehouse inventory.
C) Jenna sits at her desk and daydreams about her upcoming vacation rather than thinking about tomorrow's deadline.
D) Jean-Baptiste chooses not to worry about his broken office chair and thinks about playing ping-pong on his lunch break.
E) Efram pumps himself up before making a presentation to the board of directors by visualizing a successful outcome.

Question 71

Alisha and Carolina work at the Flash-Frozen Vegetables factory. The company is short-staffed, and the employees are finding it difficult to meet the daily production requirements. Both Alisha and Carolina are facing time pressures in their respective departments. Alisha decides to work longer hours to meet the deadline, whereas Carolina tries to distance herself from her problems at work by thinking about the positive things in her life. Which of these coping strategies is Alisha utilizing?

A) emotion-focused behavior coping
B) problem-focused behavior coping
C) emotion-focused cognitive coping
D) problem-focused cognitive coping
E) primary cognitive coping

Question 72

Seeking support and venting anger are examples of which of the following coping strategies?

A) emotion-focused behavior coping
B) problem-focused behavior coping
C) stress-focused cognitive coping
D) fear-avoidance cognitive coping
E) problem-focused cognitive coping

Question 73

Which of the following is an example of problem-focused coping?

A) Layla meets with her manager to discuss her feelings of failure after her new packaging design was rejected by the marketing department.
B) When Josiah was unable to find the source of a bug in a smartphone app he was testing, he set that task aside and worked on something else.
C) In order to meet a pending deadline, Ava chooses to wear noise canceling headphones and set her phone to ring through to voicemail while she focuses on achieving her goal.
D) Kai reassessed his feelings of inadequacy after being passed over for a promotion and decided to see it as an opportunity to reengage with the job he has rather than the job he wants.
E) Because Cora was always being asked by her boss to stay late on Fridays to finish last-minute tasks, she elected to take advantage of the company's telecommuting policy and work from home on Fridays instead.

Question 74

Raoul owns a furniture moving company. During late spring, especially when the local colleges go on summer break and students move out of the dorms, he finds himself overloaded with work, which often makes him feel irritable and anxious. To calm himself, he often takes time out to go swimming. In this example, the coping strategy that Raoul uses can be classified as

A) primary appraisal.
B) cognitive coping.
C) emotion-focused coping.
D) Type A coping behavior.
E) Type B coping behavior.

Question 75

Alisha and Carolina work at the Flash-Frozen Vegetables factory. The company is short-staffed, and the employees are finding it difficult to meet the daily production requirements. Both Alisha and Carolina are facing time pressures in their respective departments. Alisha decides to work longer hours to meet the deadline, whereas Carolina tries to distance herself from her problems at work by thinking about the positive things in her life. Which of these coping strategies is Carolina utilizing?

A) social support
B) problem-focused behavior coping
C) emotion-focused cognitive coping
D) instrumental support
E) behavior coping

Question 76

Due to time pressure and heavy workload, Dan has developed high blood pressure and has started to show forgetfulness at work and home. These are examples of ________ strains.

A) physiological and behavioral
B) psychological and behavioral
C) physiological and psychological
D) internal and external
E) psychological and cognitive

Question 77

People with the Type A Behavior Pattern are typically

A) aggressive and competitive.
B) thoughtful and cooperative.
C) methodical and precise.
D) lazy and unproductive.
E) cautious and insecure.

Question 78

Makayla was taking the trash out to the dumpster behind the bakery where she worked when she heard a loud noise. Just around the corner she saw her co-worker Narayan kicking at the brick wall and cursing under his breath. She asked him what was wrong, and he told her that his boss had denied his request for vacation even though it had been approved two months before. Narayan was told that due to the recent layoffs, they would be understaffed for the Thanksgiving holiday, and all previously approved vacation requests had been put on hold. Narayan was upset because this meant he would be unable to attend his cousin's wedding, where he was looking forward to seeing his extended family. Narayan's outburst is an example of ________ coping.

A) fear-based cognitive
B) emotion-focused cognitive
C) problem-focused cognitive
D) emotion-focused behavioral
E) problem-focused behavioral

Question 79

Looking for the positive in the negative, and avoiding, distancing, and ignoring are examples of

A) problem-focused cognitive coping strategies.
B) problem-focused behavior coping strategies.
C) emotion-focused cognitive coping strategies.
D) primary cognitive coping strategies.
E) primary behavior coping strategies.

Question 80

Hector works as an office assistant for a small, five-person software development start-up. Since it is a relatively new company without extensive resources, Hector is constantly having to deal with a lack of supplies and faulty office equipment. While these problems sometimes get him down, the co-owners of the fledgling company are his friends from college, and he looks forward to seeing them every day. In order to offset his frustration with the sometimes inadequate equipment, Hector instead celebrates the fact that he gets to work in a casual environment with friends. Hector's approach is an example of

A) emotion-focused cognitive coping.
B) problem-focused cognitive coping.
C) secondary appraising.
D) behavioral coping.
E) strain mitigation.