Deck 9: Personality and Cultural Values

Question 1

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, a submissive person is said to be an extravert.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: According to the Big Five taxonomy, an extravert does not show signs of being submissive.

Question 2

Felix started his new job about a month ago. When asked, he says he likes most of his coworkers. One of them, though, is mean-spirited, obnoxious, petty, and belligerent. Felix is describing his coworker's social traits.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: Felix is describing his coworker's personality traits. Traits are defined as recurring regularities or trends in people's responses to their environment.

Question 3

Miriam is known as a person who is talkative. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the extraversion personality dimension best describes Miriam.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: Extraverts are talkative, sociable, passionate, assertive, bold, and dominant.

Question 4

Conscientiousness has a moderate positive effect on performance.

Question 5

Extraversion changes quite significantly over a person's life span.

Question 6

Holland's RIASEC model focuses on people's vocational interests.

Question 7

Neurotic people tend to have an external locus of control.

Question 8

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, openness to experience is positively related to performance across all occupations.

Question 9

Of the Big Five, openness to experience is the easiest to judge in zero acquaintance situations.

Question 10

From the perspective of job performance, neuroticism is the most important of the Big Five.

Question 11

Artistic people tend to enjoy abstract, analytical, theory-oriented tasks.

Question 12

Low-power distance cultures prefer that power be distributed uniformly where possible, in an egalitarian fashion.

Question 13

Conscientious people are dependable, organized, reliable, ambitious, hardworking, and persevering.

Question 14

Personality tests are valid and reliable assessments that have been subjected to scientific investigation.

Question 15

Personality refers to the structures and propensities inside people that explain their characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.

Question 16

Christina is attending a business meeting at a client's office. Some of the other attendees are formally dressed; others are in shorts and T-shirts. The table is round instead of rectangular, so there is no head to let her know who the most important person at the meeting is. There is no agenda to let her know what the important topics are today. Her personality is most likely to drive her behavior in this situation.

Question 17

Holland's RIASEC model includes the personality dimensions of conscientiousness and neuroticism.

Question 18

The most appropriate use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is in a team-building context.

Question 19

People's beliefs create their social reputations.

Question 20

Those with low scores on neuroticism are more likely to demonstrate Type A behavior patterns.

Question 21

Kevin fidgets and taps on things, sighs often, squirms, constantly checks the time, and yells at people when they ask him how a project is going. The people who work with Kevin perceive him as uptight, mean, anxious, and rude. These perceptions are primarily formed by Kevin's

A) abilities.
B) perception.
C) personality.
D) ethnocentrism.
E) cultural values.

Question 22

Which of the following is a dimension of the Big Five taxonomy?

A) integrity
B) motivation
C) extraversion
D) veiled purpose
E) locus of control

Question 23

Herb's office is impeccably organized. Herb always shows up on time and can be counted to volunteer when someone is needed to go above and beyond usual duties. Herb says he will run the company someday, and he is willing to put in as many hours and as much suffering as it takes to get there. Herb exemplifies the personality trait of

A) neuroticism.
B) extraversion.
C) agreeableness.
D) conscientiousness.
E) openness to experience.

Question 24

________ refer(s) to the structures and propensities inside a person that explain his or her characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.

A) Personality
B) Cultural values
C) Attributions
D) Ethnocentrism
E) Perception

Question 25

Twin studies have shown that genetics has the most effect on which of the Big Five personality traits?

A) extraversion
B) conscientiousness
C) neuroticism
D) openness to experience
E) agreeableness

Question 26

Kartik never raises his voice or loses his temper, and he explains things calmly in chaotic situations when others cannot. He is described by his coworkers as cool and relaxed. Kartik probably scores

A) high in openness to experience.
B) high in neuroticism.
C) high in introversion.
D) low in neuroticism.
E) low on introversion.

Question 27

The day before Angel begins an important assignment at work, she shows a tendency to get nervous, moody, and insecure. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Angel.

A) openness to experience
B) conscientiousness
C) agreeableness
D) extraversion
E) neuroticism

Question 28

The Source, an engineering company, introduced a 360-degree feedback system. Lou, who was being considered for a promotion, was described as eager to learn and innovate. Isaac was appreciated for his meticulous and organized work and was the one the team could depend on during crunch time. Gloria's ability to be cooperative, accommodating, and sociable to customers who had grievances was well acknowledged in the feedback. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Lou.

A) intuition
B) agreeableness
C) neuroticism
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 29

Arney has been retained by Fluffy Soft Programmers to hire a new worker because he is an expert at personality types and their effect on job performance. Which one of the following interviewees should Arney hire?

A) Joy, who likes to work hard until a task is completely finished
B) Theresa, who has very complex ideas and constantly seeks answers
C) Linda, who goes out of her way to help others and show them respect
D) Barbara, who talks to everyone and likes to be in the middle of the action
E) Andrea, who gets easily jealous and worries that she is not good enough to do her job

Question 30

Adjectives that describe opposite traits for agreeableness would include

A) nervous, moody, and emotional.
B) careless, sloppy, and lazy.
C) critical, selfish, and rude.
D) quiet, shy, and inhibited.
E) calm steady, and relaxed.

Question 31

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates personality?

A) Dalton can perform any mechanical task well.
B) Lulu scores extremely well on an intelligence test.
C) Monte lacks coordination and performs poorly in all sports.
D) Shanda is generally friendly, likable, and calm under pressure.
E) Phoebe volunteers in the crisis shelter like everyone in her church.

Question 32

Personality traits are a function of both your

A) values and beliefs.
B) beliefs and environment.
C) environment and genes.
D) genes and perceptions.
E) culture and beliefs.

Question 33

Quincy is always wondering about why things happen, how things work, and what would happen if something was different. He thinks of exciting possibilities that are often outside the box. He is described by his friends as classy and eloquent. Quincy is probably high on the trait of

A) openness to experience.
B) conscientiousness.
C) neuroticism.
D) extraversion.
E) introversion.

Question 34

Peyton is a well-liked intern at Gary's Tri-State Metal Sales. Customers and co-workers describe Peyton as kind, cooperative, sympathetic, and warm. Peyton probably has a great deal of the Big Five Trait of

A) conscientiousness.
B) agreeableness.
C) extraversion.
D) neuroticism.
E) openness.

Question 35

Which of the following scenarios describes a worker with a neurotic personality?

A) Raul greets everyone entering the office with a handshake and a funny story.
B) Lynn stays two hours after closing all week to complete her blueprints perfectly.
C) Tyler envisions and then experiments with a new approach to do his job every week.
D) David takes on a substantial part of Jo's workload just to help her and everyone on the team have a pleasant day.
E) Amy yells at Jacob to go away when he asks her how she is doing, then brings him coffee with a big smile an hour later.

Question 36

Traits are defined as

A) recurring regularities or trends in people's responses to their environment.
B) shared beliefs about desirable end states or modes of conduct in a given culture.
C) tendencies to regard new situations as a challenge and to adjust behaviors to meet that challenge.
D) dispositional tendencies to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.
E) the structures and propensities inside people that explain their characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.

Question 37

Personality is a collection of multiple

A) abilities.
B) traits.
C) aptitudes.
D) emotions.
E) capacities.

Question 38

The Source, an engineering company, introduced a 360-degree feedback system. Lou, who was being considered for a promotion, was described as eager to learn and innovate. Isaac was appreciated for his meticulous and organized work and was the one the team could depend on during crunch time. Gloria's ability to be cooperative, accommodating, and sociable to customers who had grievances was well acknowledged in the feedback. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Isaac.

A) intuition
B) agreeableness
C) neuroticism
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 39

The Source, an engineering company, introduced a 360-degree feedback system. Lou, who was being considered for a promotion, was described as eager to learn and innovate. Isaac was appreciated for his meticulous and organized work and was the one the team could depend on during crunch time. Gloria's ability to be cooperative, accommodating, and sociable to customers who had grievances was well acknowledged in the feedback. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Gloria.

A) intuition
B) neuroticism
C) extraversion
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 40

Cung leads the design team at Rapidware, a software firm that deigns custom software to meet its clients' needs. He needs to hire an employee to recognize when new approaches are needed and to learn what clients need and quickly come up with an innovative way to serve them. Which of the following candidates would best meet Cung's requirements?

A) Lanny, a fast worker who forces others to do things his way
B) Gale, a lovable character who encourages and helps everyone
C) Rico, a curious person who loves art and buys the latest gadgets
D) Gage, a very successful worker who is self-proclaimed "old school"
E) Jennifer, a methodical worker who defines herself by her career success

Question 41

Conscientious people prioritize

A) status striving.
B) communion striving.
C) accomplishment striving.
D) curiosity.
E) power striving.

Question 42

________ striving reflects a strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.

A) Accomplishment
B) Status
C) Fellowship
D) Attainment
E) Communion

Question 43

Of the Big Five, ________ is the easiest to judge in zero acquaintance situations.

A) openness to experience
B) conscientiousness
C) agreeableness
D) neuroticism
E) extraversion

Question 44

The Big Five dimension ________ is also called by its flip side "emotional stability" or "emotional adjustment."

A) conscientiousness
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience
E) neuroticism

Question 45

Ingrid has brought in a consultant to help her understand the people working on her team. The consultant tells Ingrid that one of the people on her team is neurotic. Which person is it?

A) Don, who does not like his job, but says he only has himself to blame for being there.
B) Winston, who always looks on the bright side, even in poor circumstances.
C) Katina, who is always in a hurry, fidgeting, and bossing people around.
D) Belinda, who works long hours against all odds to complete projects.
E) Tabby, who worries more about making friends than doing her job.

Question 46

Extraverted people prioritize ________ striving.

A) status
B) communion
C) accomplishment
D) value
E) attainment

Question 47

Candace can be described as an ambitious individual. She joined Boulder Distributors as a junior recruiter and wants to climb the corporate ladder to become a team leader in the future. Candace works hard to build up her reputation, makes time to interact with not only her manager but other managers as well, and lets everyone know how passionate she is about working at Boulder. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Candace.

A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 48

When a fight broke out between two workers at Fish HVAC, Tobias, a coworker, decided to walk away and let the situation resolve on its own. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ best describes Tobias.

A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 49

________ focus on "getting along," not necessarily "getting ahead."

A) Conscientious people
B) Agreeable people
C) Neurotic people
D) Diligent people
E) Extraverts

Question 50

Positive affectivity is a dispositional tendency to

A) obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.
B) experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.
C) obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing personality.
D) experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.
E) accomplish task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.

Question 51

A zero acquaintance situation is a situation in which

A) two people have just met each other.
B) two people have no friends in common.
C) a company forbids romantic relations among employees.
D) someone has a personality that makes them avoid others.
E) a company routinely shifts personnel among departments.

Question 52

Accomplishment striving describes a

A) strong desire to achieve task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.
B) strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing personality.
C) dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.
D) strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.
E) dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.

Question 53

Communion striving reflects a

A) strong desire to achieve task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.
B) strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing personality.
C) dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.
D) strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.
E) dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.

Question 54

According to longitudinal studies, the two Big Five dimensions most dependent on genes are

A) conscientiousness and extraversion.
B) extraversion and openness.
C) agreeableness and openness.
D) openness and conscientiousness.
E) neuroticism and agreeableness.

Question 55

Which of the following scenarios represents a zero acquaintance situation?

A) Kareem never associates with coworkers outside of the office.
B) Larry is at a conference and has just been introduced to Heidi.
C) Marco refuses to speak to Charlie because of political differences.
D) Whitman took a personality test that labeled him as being neurotic.
E) Bryce and Layla have a discussion and realize they do not have any mutual friends.

Question 56

Extraverted people tend to be high in

A) neuroticism.
B) agreeableness.
C) status striving.
D) conflict avoidance.
E) positive affectivity.

Question 57

________, who are more energetic and outgoing, are perceived to be more "leader-like."

A) Neurotics
B) Hysterical individuals
C) Extraverts
D) Emotionally adjusted people
E) Agreeable people

Question 58

The Big Five personality dimension that has the biggest influence on job performance is

A) conscientiousness.
B) extraversion.
C) agreeableness.
D) openness to experience.
E) neuroticism.

Question 59

Sofia is driven to finish something once she starts it. This often means she stays at work later then other workers, stays more focused when she is at work, and takes shorter breaks than everyone else. Sofia is a(n) ________ striver.

A) accomplishment
B) communion
C) power
D) status
E) value

Question 60

Agreeable people prioritize ________ striving.

A) status
B) communion
C) accomplishment
D) attainment
E) power

Question 61

Zenda's psychology curriculum required her to study an individual's personality type using the process of interviewing. She selected Evan, her brother's roommate, as her test subject. The highlighted points of her research were that Evan is a law graduate, who is a musician in his spare time. He is an independent person who paid his own way through law school. His friends get annoyed with his impulsive behavior. According to the RIASEC model, Zenda classified Evan under the ________ type of personality dimension.

A) artistic
B) realistic
C) enterprising
D) investigative
E) conventional

Question 62

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ is also called "inquisitiveness" or "intellectualness."

A) conscientiousness
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience
E) neuroticism

Question 63

Carter was categorized as ISTJ on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Which of the following behaviors would we expect to see out of Carter?

A) following speculations and imagined ideas
B) being energized by the presence of people
C) approaching decisions in a logical manner
D) being spontaneous in approaching a task
E) worrying if a decision will anger others

Question 64

"Approaching tasks by planning and setting goals" describes the ________ type of Myers-Briggs indicator.

A) perceiving
B) introversion
C) extraversion
D) feeling
E) judging

Question 65

Negative affectivity is a

A) strong desire to achieve task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.
B) strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing personality.
C) dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.
D) strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.
E) dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.

Question 66

Neuroticism is associated with a(n) ________ to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are more likely to appraise day-to-day situations as stressful.

A) communion striving factor
B) accomplishment striving factor
C) differential exposure
D) openness to experience
E) locus of control

Question 67

Compton and Lula are successful stockbrokers working with the Market Beat Brokerage firm. Before buying a company's stock, Compton reviews the company's reports and past data. Lula, on the other hand, buys stock based on speculation. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the ________ type best describes Compton, and the ________ type best describes Lula.

A) feeling; thinking
B) sensing; intuition
C) perceiving; judging
D) short-term; long-term
E) extraversion; introversion

Question 68

The most appropriate use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is

A) in the job satisfaction prediction context.
B) in a team-building context.
C) to gauge the commitment of employees across jobs.
D) to predict the motivation of employees.
E) to forecast the performance of employees across jobs.

Question 69

The Big Five dimension neuroticism is synonymous with

A) extraversion.
B) openness to experience.
C) conscientiousness.
D) collectivism.
E) negative affectivity.

Question 70

Nikola wants to use some type of a test to help his employees better understand how different team members approach tasks at work. What should he do?

A) give a test that identifies no bad personality types
B) give a test that divides workers into five personality types
C) use an assessment to match employee traits with ideal jobs
D) use an assessment to identify which traits workers inherited
E) give a test that points out personality types that make bad employees

Question 71

In the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension ________ is more likely to be valuable in jobs that involve rapid changes in job demands.

A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) conscientiousness
E) openness to experience

Question 72

________ reflects whether people attribute the causes of events to themselves or to the external environment.

A) Differential exposure
B) Zero acquaintance
C) Ethnocentrism
D) Locus of control
E) Differential reactivity

Question 73

Abby flunked the midterm and tells everyone it is the teacher's fault. She did not study because she knew it would just be a waste of time. After all, she knew the "teacher had it in for her." Abby demonstrates a(n)

A) external locus of control.
B) internal locus of control.
C) low level of neuroticism.
D) high level of extraversion.
E) high level of conscientiousness.

Question 74

According to the RIASEC model, an investigative person enjoys

A) practical, hands-on, real-world tasks.
B) persuading, leading, or outperforming others.
C) abstract, analytical, and theory-oriented tasks.
D) organizing, counting, or regulating people or things.
E) entertaining and fascinating others using imagination.

Question 75

One of the preferences the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator uses to evaluate individuals is

A) short-term versus long-term orientation.
B) individualism-collectivism.
C) conventional versus artistic.
D) thinking versus feeling.
E) masculinity-femininity.

Question 76

Which of the following scenarios represents the most appropriate use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?

A) Patrick suspects Gary is neurotic and uses it to find out.
B) Amberly administers it to screen applicants for employment.
C) Jonna uses it to see if she might be interested in being a welder.
D) Mack thinks he is smarter than everyone else and uses it to prove his point.
E) Stu applies it to build understanding of the different approaches used on his team.

Question 77

Neurotic people tend to

A) strive for status.
B) be communion strivers.
C) hold an external locus of control.
D) exhibit enthusiastic and upbeat mood patterns.
E) be extroverts.

Question 78

Neuroticism is linked to a(n) ________ to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are less likely to believe they can cope with the stressors that they experience.

A) status striving factor
B) locus of control
C) positive affectivity
D) differential reactivity
E) accomplishment striving factor

Question 79

Together with cognitive ability, ________ is a key driver of creative thought, as people with this trait excel at the style of thinking demanded by creativity.

A) conscientiousness
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience
E) neuroticism

Question 80

________ are expressions of personality that influence behavior through preferences for certain environments and activities.

A) Values
B) Beliefs
C) Tests
D) Interests
E) Ethics