Deck 7: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 2

Question 1

The statistic used to indicate how much,on average,an individual score differs from the arithmetic mean is known as the:

A) variability.
B) construct reliability.
C) coding.
D) standard deviation.

Answer 1

standard deviation.

Question 2

Equivalent-form reliability is another name for:

A) test-retest reliability.
B) alternative-form reliability.
C) internal consistency reliability.
D) Cronbach's alpha.

Answer 2

alternative-form reliability.

Question 3

If the probability of your finding is greater than 10%,you are likely to conclude:

A) the finding is statistically significant.
B) the finding did not occur by chance.
C) the finding has no relationship to a similar study.
D) the finding is not statistically significant.

Answer 3

the finding is not statistically significant.

Question 4

A hypothesis that makes a specific prediction as to the exact nature of the relationship between two variables is called a:

A) directional hypothesis.
B) nondirectional hypothesis.
C) statistical hypothesis testing.
D) correlational testing.

Question 5

If two variables are related and one variable increases as the other variable decreases,they are likely to have:

A) negative correlation.
B) positive correlation.
C) no correlation.
D) no reliability.

Question 6

A correlation with a value of 0 means:

A) the variables are strongly positively related.
B) the variables are strongly negatively related.
C) the variables are moderately related.
D) the variables are unrelated.

Question 7

Descriptive statistics almost always include:

A) the median and standard deviation.
B) R² and standard deviation.
C) the mean and standard deviation.
D) $\beta$ and standard deviation.

Question 8

Cronbach's alpha refers to:

A) the degree to which individual measurements of a variable differ from one another.
B) a statistic used to indicate how much,on average,an individual scores differs from the arithmetic means of the scores.
C) a statistic used to evaluate the internal consistency reliability of a scale.
D) the conclusion a researcher makes when the probability is that one's hypothesis is unlikely to be incorrect given the data collected.

Question 9

If you wanted to determine if the scale you are using relates to other measures of the variable then you would be interest in:

A) discriminant validity.
B) convergent validity.
C) concurrent validity.
D) construct validity.

Question 10

A Cronbach's alpha is represented by which symbol?

A) r
B) $\alpha$
C) $\beta$
D) $\pi$

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a closed-ended question?

A) How did you decide to attend this school?
B) What is your family like?
C) Are you male or female?
D) What makes someone a good friend?

Question 12

A scoring strategy in which more negative response alternatives are assigned higher numerical values and more positive response alternatives are assigned lower numerical values is called:

A) reverse-coding.
B) response set.
C) directional hypothesis.
D) internal consistency reliability.

Question 13

Reverse-coding minimizes the potential for a(n):

A) forced choice response set.
B) social desirability set.
C) demand response set.
D) acquiescent response set.

Question 14

If you wanted to determine if the scale you are using relates to a relevant outcome measured at the same time then you would be interested in:

A) construct validity.
B) discriminate validity.
C) criterion validity.
D) concurrent validity.

Question 15

If the probability of your finding is less than 5%,you are likely to conclude:

A) the finding is statistically significant.
B) the finding is not statistically significant.
C) the finding has no relationship to a similar study.
D) the finding has occurred by chance.

Question 16

The degree to which individual measurements of a variable differ from one another is called:

A) consistency.
B) variability.
C) deviation.
D) reliability.

Question 17

A quick method of finding out the degree of customer satisfaction at a local supermarket would be through the use of:

A) an essay.
B) a Likert scale.
C) an experimental study.
D) a quasi-experimental study.

Question 18

If two variables are related and one variable increases as the other variable increases,it is likely to have:

A) negative correlation.
B) positive correlation.
C) no correlation.
D) no reliability.

Question 19

If you wanted to determine if a scale is relevant to an outcome or behavior you would be interested in:

A) construct validity.
B) discriminate validity.
C) criterion validity.
D) predictive validity .

Question 20

A researcher discovered that items on a scale did not measure what they were intended to measure.The scale,therefore,has an issue with:

A) construct validity.
B) content validity.
C) predictive validity.
D) concurrent validity.