Deck 15: Seciton 4: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Question 1

Acute self-consciousness about physical appearance is much more prevalent between the ages of 16 and 20 than earlier or later.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Analytic thought, compared to intuitive thought, is generally preferred in everyday life.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Analytic thought and intuitive thought both develop during adolescence, although analytic thought often overrides intuitive thought when many adolescents are together.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Adolescents from low-income households are less likely to use the Internet at home than those from higher-income households.

Question 5

In an experiment by Inhelder and Piaget that involved balancing a scale with weights, the age at which children were first able to use the trial-and-error method to achieve some understanding of balancing was approximately 10 years.

Question 6

"This creature barks and wags its tail. Dogs bark and wag tails. Therefore, this must be a dog." This is an example of deductive reasoning.

Question 7

Adolescents' belief that others are as intensely interested in them as they are in themselves is referred to as the invincibility fable.

Question 8

The invincibility fable reflects adolescent egocentrism.

Question 9

Some adolescents do not feel invincible; instead, they have exaggerated perceptions of risks.

Question 10

Andre, an adolescent, constantly thinks about himself and how others perceive him. This egocentrism is common at his age.

Question 11

Because the limbic system is activated by puberty but the prefrontal cortex matures more gradually over time, adolescents might be swayed by their intuition instead of by logic.

Question 12

As adolescents develop their capacity for hypothetical thinking, they become more capable of deductive reasoning.

Question 13

Hypothetical thought involves reasoning only about propositions that reflect reality.

Question 14

Adolescents place a very high value on social warmth and friendships.

Question 15

Egocentrism leads adolescents to interpret everyone else's behavior as if it were a judgment on them.

Question 16

Madeleine invested significant amounts of time, money, and effort while a member of a specific club. She now thinks she must continue as a member in order not to waste all that she invested. Madeleine is experiencing a sunk cost fallacy.

Question 17

Intuitive thought is cognitively easier than analytic thought.

Question 18

A dual-process model of thinking includes inductive and deductive thinking.

Question 19

Today's adults are considered to be "digital natives."

Question 20

The belief in an imaginary audience makes adolescents self-conscious.

Question 21

The United States has the best high school graduation rates of all developed nations.

Question 22

Students who are capable of passing their classes as measured on IQ tests drop out of high school almost as often as those who are less capable.

Question 23

Usually academic achievement increases and behavioral problems decrease during middle school.

Question 24

Antisocial students (e.g., aggressive, drug-using) tend to be popular in middle school.

Question 25

Secondary education traditionally consists of grades 7 through 12.

Question 26

Secondary school teachers typically assume that their pupils have mastered formal thinking instead of teaching them how to do it.

Question 27

Today, about 75 percent of adolescents spend time online.

Question 28

Adults are usually aware of the "sexting" that occurs between adolescents.

Question 29

Parents and teachers are often unaware of cyberbullying among adolescents.

Question 30

Mastery motivation among adolescents can be enhanced by encouraging a belief in the incremental approach to intelligence.

Question 31

Middle schools are designed to foster strong teacher-student relationships.

Question 32

All high school students who take Advanced Placement classes will be well prepared for college.

Question 33

Video games with violent content have not been associated with aggression in adolescents.

Question 34

High school students can think abstractly, analytically, hypothetically, and logically as well as emotionally and intuitively.