Deck 4: The Visual Elements

Question 1

Raphael's The Madonna of the Meadows is composed using the implied shape of a:

A) trapezoid.
B) square.
C) pyramid.
D) triangle.
E) circle.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Lines are used in art to indicate:

A) boundaries between forms.
B) direction and motion.
C) shadows and highlights.
D) spatial depth on flat surfaces.
E) All of these answers are correct.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

In art, shapes that suggest forms found in nature are called ________ shapes.

A) organic
B) real
C) geometric
D) environmental
E) three-dimensional

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The use of atmospheric perspective is a prominent aspect of which work?

A) In Bed by Inka Essenhigh
B) Lake George by John Frederick Kensett
C) Untitled by Keith Haring
D) The Sun and the Moon by Elizabeth Murray
E) The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci

Question 5

Charles White's Untitled illustrates the technique of:

A) hatching.
B) atmospheric perspective.
C) impasto.
D) saturation.
E) foreshortening.

Question 6

In Albrecht Dürer's woodcut The Draftsman Drawing a Reclining Nude, the draftsman is using a device to help him achieve the effect of:

A) foreshortening.
B) chiaroscuro.
C) a restricted palette.
D) the illusion of motion.
E) simultaneous contrast.

Question 7

In the additive process of color mixing, red light, green light, and blue light combine to produce ________ light.

A) yellow
B) black
C) white
D) grayish brown
E) green

Question 8

In painting and drawing, artists often use the technique of ________ to describe the way shadows and light define the shape of forms.

A) refraction
B) spatial organization
C) isometric perspective
D) simultaneous contrast
E) chiaroscuro

Question 9

One common issue facing those who work to conserve works of art is:

A) the effect of light.
B) the work of earlier restorers.
C) changing levels of heat and humidity.
D) pollution.
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 10

A necessary feature of pattern is:

A) texture.
B) color.
C) modeling.
D) vanishing points.
E) repetition.

Question 11

"Baker-Miller" refers to the color that:

A) recedes in a monochromatic color scheme where pure red dominates.
B) results from combining a warm red with a cooler hue.
C) seemed to calm and relax violent children in studies of colors' effects upon the mind and body.
D) is the normal value of red.
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 12

Which of the visual elements can best be described as "the path of a moving point"?

A) Motion
B) Time
C) Mass
D) Line
E) Light

Question 13

Which artist uses light itself as the main material and whose work increases our awareness of light as a presence in the world?

A) Flor Garduño
B) Joseph Wright
C) Joseph Albers
D) Doug Wheeler
E) Claude Monet

Question 14

In drawing, the outer boundaries of two-dimensional forms are defined by ________, while the outer boundaries perceived among three-dimensional forms are defined by ________.

A) graphite; ink
B) visual elements; principles of design
C) outlines; contour lines
D) thick lines; thin lines
E) actual lines; implied lines

Question 15

Artists can portray _________ textures that are created to look like something other than a flat painted surface.

A) actual
B) hatching
C) chroma
D) visual
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 16

The vanishing point in Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is:

A) at the exact center of the picture.
B) just behind the head of the figure of Jesus.
C) on the horizon line.
D) all of these: at the exact center of the picture, just behind the head of the figure of Jesus, and on the horizon line.
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 17

A black-and-white photograph of a scene eliminates the hues and intensities of the scene's colors but captures the ________ of the colors.

A) pigments
B) chromas
C) harmonies
D) values
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 18

The 18th-century Indian painting of Maharana Amar Singh and others watching musicians and acrobats utilizes the two most basic visual cues for implying depth on a flat surface. They are:

A) chiaroscuro and hatching.
B) atmospheric perspective and foreshortening.
C) implied line and a vanishing point.
D) position and overlap.
E) None of these answers are correct.

Question 19

During the 20^th century, which of the following became a recognized element of art?

A) Motion
B) Texture
C) Color
D) Line
E) Shape

Question 20

Mixing two primary colors produces a ________ color.

A) secondary
B) passive
C) complementary
D) triad
E) monochromatic

Question 21

Consider Eakins' The Biglin Brothers Racing and Géricault's The Raft of the Medusa. Describe each artist's use of line (both actual and implied) to emphasize the content of each work.

Question 22

Briefly discuss the various dangers faced by works of art as they age. Include a discussion of the conservation of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper.

Question 23

Select three of the visual elements of art, define each, and then discuss three separate works from other chapters in the text that illustrates the use of each element. Give the title and artist of each of the works that you discuss.

Question 24

Contrast the mixing of colors through additive and subtractive processes, indicating a specific material or medium in which artists use each process.

Question 25

Discuss the use of lines, both actual and implied, to direct the viewers' eyes and to create focal points in the following two works by Leonardo da Vinci: The Last Supper and The Virgin and St. Anne with the Christ Child and John the Baptist.

Question 26

Explain Calder's use of motion in Southern Cross.

Question 27

Select two works from the text that are two-dimensional and discuss the concept of visual texture, giving examples of how it is employed.

Question 28

Discuss ways in which artists use composition to lead the viewer's eye to focus on particular areas of a work or to move about within a work. Select one or more works to illustrate your statements.

Question 29

Consider Kensett''s Lake George and Shen Zhou's Autumn Colors among Streams and Mountains. Discuss each artist's use of atmospheric perspective to create the illusion of depth. How does the sense of space conveyed in each work differ?

Question 30

Select one two-dimensional artwork that suggests visual depth. Discuss at least three ways that the artist used visual elements to create the illusion of three-dimensionality.

Question 31

Discuss the roles of the artist, the work, and the viewer in suggesting time and motion through a work of art. Support your statements by referring to at least one specific work and analyzing how it does so.