Deck 5: Data and Knowledge Management

Question 1

In a data warehouse, existing data are constantly purged as new data come in.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Online analytical processing (OLAP) involves the analysis of accumulated data by end users.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Data rot refers to the quality of the data itself.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Master data are generated and captured by operational systems.

Question 5

The data dictionary stores definitions of data elements, characteristics that use the data elements, physical representation of the data elements, data ownership, and security.

Question 6

The best way to capture the data in an organized format is to use a database.

Question 7

Increasing amounts of external data need to be considered in making organizational decisions.

Question 8

An entity is a person, place, thing, or event about which information is maintained.

Question 9

Data marts are designed for the end-user needs in a strategic business unit or department.

Question 10

The secondary key is a field that identifies a record with complete uniqueness.

Question 11

An organization's data warehouse generally maintains its operational data.

Question 12

You would be an instance of your university's STUDENT class.

Question 13

When data are normalized, attributes in the table depend on the primary key and any secondary keys.

Question 14

It is easy to manage all the data coming into an organization.

Question 15

Structured query language is a relational database language that enables users to perform complicated searches with relatively simple statements.

Question 16

A negative value for a student's grade point average is an example of a data integrity problem.

Question 17

The relational database model is based on the concept of three-dimensional tables.

Question 18

Entity-relationship diagrams are documents that show the primary and secondary keys associated with a conceptual data model.

Question 19

An attribute is any characteristic or quality that describes a particular entity.

Question 20

It is important for applications and data to be dependent on each other.

Question 21

A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of related fields.

A) Byte
B) Field
C) Record
D) File
E) Database

Question 22

As an individual student in your university's student database, you are a(n) _____ of the STUDENT class.

A) instance
B) individual
C) representative
D) entity
E) relationship

Question 23

Tacit knowledge is the more objective, rational, and technical types of knowledge.

Question 24

_____ occurs when applications cannot access data associated with other applications.

A) Data isolation
B) Data integrity
C) Data consistency
D) Data redundancy
E) Application/Data dependence

Question 25

A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of characters into a word, a small group of words, or a complete number.

A) Byte
B) Field
C) Record
D) File
E) Database

Question 26

Which of the following is not a reason why managing data is difficult over time?
A. New systems are developed.
B. The media the data are stored on becomes problematic.
C. New sources of data are created.
D. The amount of data increases exponentially.
E. All of these are reasons why managing data is difficult over time.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a source for external data?

A) Commercial databases
B) Corporate databases
C) Sensors
D) Satellites
E) Government reports

Question 28

Which of the following has (have) the broadest impact on an organization?

A) Decisions about hardware.
B) Decisions about software
C) Decisions about data
D) A and B
E) All of the above have an equal impact.

Question 29

Not including alphabetic characters in a Social Security Number field is an example of _____ .

A) Data isolation.
B) Data integrity.
C) Data consistency.
D) Data redundancy.
E) Application/data dependence.

Question 30

Explicit knowledge refers to the cumulative store of subjective learning, which is personal and hard to formalize.

Question 31

_____ occurs when the same data are stored in many places.

A) Data isolation
B) Data integrity
C) Data consistency
D) Data redundancy
E) Application/Data dependence

Question 32

A(n) _____ represents a single character, such as a letter, number, or symbol.

A) Byte
B) Field
C) Record
D) File
E) Database

Question 33

In a database, the primary key field is used to _____.

A) specify an entity
B) create linked lists
C) identify duplicated data
D) uniquely identify a record
E) uniquely identify an attribute

Question 34

_____ occurs when various copies of the data agree.

A) Data isolation
B) Data integrity
C) Data consistency
D) Data redundancy
E) Application/Data dependence

Question 35

You have moved to a different apartment, but your electricity bill continues to be sent to your old address. The Post Office in your town has which problem with its data management?

A) Data redundancy
B) Data inconsistency
C) Data isolation
D) Data security
E) Data dependence

Question 36

At your university, students can take more than one class, and each class can have more than one student. This is an example of what kind of relationship?

A) one-to-one
B) one-to-many
C) many-to-one
D) many-to-many
E) some-to-many

Question 37

Place the following members of the data hierarchy in their correct order:

A) Bit - byte - field - record - database - file
B) Bit - field - byte - record - file - database
C) Byte - bit - record - field - database
D) Bit - byte - field - record - file - database
E) Bit - record - field - byte - file -- database

Question 38

_____ are fields in a record that have some identifying information but typically do not identify the record with complete accuracy.

A) Primary keys
B) Secondary keys
C) Duplicate keys
D) Attribute keys
E) Record keys

Question 39

In the data hierarchy, the smallest element is the _____.

A) Record.
B) Bit.
C) Byte.
D) Character.
E) File.

Question 40

A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of related records.

A) Byte
B) Field
C) Record
D) File
E) Database

Question 41

Data dictionaries perform all of the following functions except:

A) Providing information on each record.
B) Providing information on why attributes are needed in the database.
C) Defining the format necessary to enter data into the database.
D) Providing information on the name of each attribute.
E) Providing information on how often attributes should be updated.

Question 42

The data in a data warehouse:

A) are updated constantly in real time.
B) are updated in batch mode, approximately once per day.
C) are not updated.
D) are purged constantly as new data enter.
E) are available for MIS analysts, but not users.

Question 43

_____ is a method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form.

A) Structured query
B) Normalization
C) Query by example
D) Joining
E) Relational analysis

Question 44

A database management system is primarily a(n) _____.

A) file-handling program
B) data-modeling program
C) interface between applications and a database
D) interface between data and a database
E) interface between queries and a database

Question 45

When data are normalized, attributes in the table depend only on the _____.

A) secondary key
B) common attribute
C) primary key
D) common row
E) common record

Question 46

A standardized language used to manipulate data is _____.

A) MS-Access
B) Oracle
C) query-by-example language
D) structured query language
E) data-manipulation language

Question 47

_____ tell the database management system which records are joined with others in related tables.

A) Primary keys
B) Secondary keys
C) Common attributes
D) Common files
E) Common fields

Question 48

Compared to data warehouses, data marts have which one of the following characteristics?

A) They cost less.
B) They have longer lead times for implementation.
C) They provide for central rather than local control.
D) They contain more information.
E) They are more difficult to navigate.

Question 49

_____ can be exercised to solve a problem, whereas _____ may or may not be able to be exercised to solve a problem.

A) Knowledge, information
B) Data, information
C) Information, data
D) Information, knowledge
E) Data, knowledge

Question 50

In a university's relational database, the student record contains information regarding the student's last name. The last name is a(n):

A) attribute.
B) entity.
C) primary key.
D) object.
E) file.

Question 51

_____ is a formal approach to managing data consistently across an entire organization.

A) Database management
B) Enterprise information management
C) Data warehousing
D) Data governance
E) Data mart

Question 52

The process of moving data from various sources into the data warehouse is called:

A) uploading.
B) extracting, transforming, and loading.
C) online transaction processing.
D) master data management.
E) online analytical processing.

Question 53

Organizations are turning to data governance for which of the following reasons?

A) They have too little data.
B) They are responding to federal regulations.
C) Their data are typically structured.
D) Their data are usually located in the organization's databases.
E) Data across their organizations are generally consistent.

Question 54

In a relational database, every row represents a(n) _____.

A) file
B) record
C) attribute
D) primary key
E) secondary key

Question 55

In the relational database model, related tables can be joined when they contain common _____.

A) primary keys
B) rows
C) records
D) columns
E) files

Question 56

_____ describe the activities of the business, whereas _____ categorize(s), aggregate(s), and evaluate(s) data generated by the organization's activities.

A) Transaction data, master data
B) Source data, transaction data
C) Operational data, master data
D) Master data, source data
E) Business dimensional data, databases

Question 57

_____ provide(s) companies with a single version of the truth for their data.

A) Data warehouses
B) Data marts
C) Databases
D) Master data management
E) Enterprise information management

Question 58

Data dictionaries provide which of the following advantages to the organization?

A) They reduce data inconsistency.
B) They enable faster program development.
C) They make it easier to modify data and information.
D) Only B and C
E) All of the above

Question 59

The data in a data warehouse have which of the following characteristics?

A) They are organized by subject.
B) They are coded in different formats.
C) They are updated in real time.
D) They are typically retained for a defined, but limited, period of time.
E) They are organized in a hierarchical structure.

Question 60

_____ is a process that helps organizations identify, select, organize, disseminate, transfer, and apply expertise that are part of the organization's memory and typically reside inside the organization in an unstructured manner.

A) Discovery
B) Knowledge management
C) Decision support
D) Online analytical processing
E) Data mining

Question 61

Describe the various new sources for data, and provide an example of each.

Question 62

Explicit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?

A) objective
B) personal
C) slow
D) costly to transfer
E) ambiguous

Question 63

Discuss the advantages of the database approach.

Question 64

Describe entity-relationship modeling.

Question 65

Describe the six steps of the knowledge management system cycle.

Question 66

Describe the relational database model.

Question 67

Discuss why decisions concerning data structure have a broader impact than decisions concerning hardware and software.

Question 68

Refer to Opening Case - Big Data. Which of the following is not a problem created by "Big Data"?

A) The data is not reliable.
B) The amount of data exceeds the available storage.
C) The existing networks can't handle the volume.
D) It is more difficult to protect the data.
E) The vast amounts of data make decision making more complicated.

Question 69

Tacit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?

A) codified
B) objective
C) unstructured
D) rational
E) technical

Question 70

The most important benefit of knowledge management systems is:

A) They improve customer service.
B) They make best practices available to employees.
C) They enable the organization to retain scarce knowledge when employees retire.
D) They improve employee morale.
E) They make product development more efficient.

Question 71

Refer to Closing Case - CoStar Group. The target audience for CoStar's aggregated commercial real estate data was

A) banks.
B) building owners.
C) real estate agents.
D) builders.
E) All the above

Question 72

Differentiate between explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Provide examples of each.

Question 73

Describe the characteristics of a data warehouse.

Question 74

Historically, management information systems have focused on capturing, storing, managing, and reporting _____ knowledge.

A) tacit
B) explicit
C) managerial
D) geographical
E) cultural

Question 75

Discuss the difficulties involved in managing data.

Question 76

Refer to IT's About Business 5.3 - Isle of Capri Casinos. Capri Casinos decided it needed a data warehouse for all of the following reasons except:

A) to process transactions faster.
B) to provide a complete view of the customer.
C) to enhance its marketing campaigns
D) to provide business users access to business-wide data.
E) to determine where to place its slot machines.

Question 77

Refer to IT's About Business 5.2. - Cell phone owners in Mexico: The cell phone registry is useless because:

A) data for some cell phones are missing.
B) data for some cell phones are inaccurate.
C) very few Mexicans can afford cell phones.
D) All the above
E) A and B

Question 78

What are the advantages of a data mart?

Question 79

Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach.

Question 80

Define each element of the data hierarchy, in order from smallest to largest.