Deck 12: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

Question 1

The parents of a 2-year-old child tell the nurse they are concerned because the toddler has started to use "baby talk" since the arrival of their new baby. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Ignore the baby talk.
B) Tell the toddler frequently, "You are a big kid now."
C) Explain to the toddler that baby talk is for babies.
D) Encourage the toddler to practice more advanced patterns of speech.

Answer 1

Ignore the baby talk.

Question 2

Which characteristic best describes the gross motor skills of a 24-month-old child?

A) Skips
B) Broad jumps
C) Rides tricycle
D) Walks up and down stairs

Answer 2

Walks up and down stairs

Question 3

What developmental characteristic does not occur until a child reaches age 2 1/2 years?

A) Birth weight has doubled.
B) Anterior fontanel is still open.
C) Primary dentition is complete.
D) Binocularity may be established.

Answer 3

Primary dentition is complete.

Question 4

Which is an appropriate recommendation in preventing tooth decay in young children?

A) Substitute raisins for candy.
B) Substitute sugarless gum for regular gum.
C) Use honey or molasses instead of refined sugar.
D) When sweets are to be eaten, select a time not during meals.

Question 5

What factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections?

A) Respirations are abdominal.
B) Pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers are slower than those in infants.
C) Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
D) Toddlers have short, straight internal ear canals and large lymph tissue.

Question 6

A toddler, age 16 months, falls down a few stairs. He gets up and "scolds" the stairs as if they caused him to fall. What is this an example of?

A) Animism
B) Ritualism
C) Irreversibility
D) Delayed cognitive development

Question 7

What is a characteristic of a toddler's language development at age 18 months?

A) Vocabulary of 25 words
B) Use of holophrases
C) Increasing level of understanding
D) Approximately one third of speech understandable

Question 8

What is the leading cause of death during the toddler period?

A) Injuries
B) Infectious diseases
C) Childhood diseases
D) Congenital disorders

Question 9

A toddler's parent asks the nurse for suggestions on dealing with temper tantrums. What is the most appropriate recommendation?

A) Punish the child.
B) Explain to child that this is wrong.
C) Leave the child alone until the tantrum is over.
D) Remain close by the child but without eye contact.

Question 10

The parents of a newborn say that their toddler "hates the baby. . . . He suggested that we put him in the trash can so the trash truck could take him away." What is the nurse's best reply?

A) "Let's see if we can figure out why he hates the new baby."
B) "That's a strong statement to come from such a small boy."
C) "Let's refer him to counseling to work this hatred out. It's not a normal response."
D) "That is a normal response to the birth of a sibling. Let's look at ways to deal with this."

Question 11

A father tells the nurse that his daughter wants the same plate and cup used at every meal, even if they go to a restaurant. The nurse should explain that this is what?

A) A sign the child is spoiled
B) An attempt to exert unhealthy control
C) Regression, which is common at this age
D) Ritualism, an expected behavior at this age

Question 12

Parents of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says "no" to everything and has rapid mood swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. What is the nurse's best interpretation of this behavior?

A) This is normal behavior for his age.
B) This is unusual behavior for his age.
C) He is not effectively coping with stress.
D) He is showing he needs more attention.

Question 13

The nurse is discussing with a parent group the importance of fluoride for healthy teeth. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Determine whether the water supply is fluoridated.
B) Use fluoridated mouth rinses in children older than 1 year.
C) Give fluoride supplements to infants beginning at age 2 months.
D) Brush teeth with fluoridated toothpaste unless the fluoride content of water supply is adequate.

Question 14

What do the psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include?

A) Development of a conscience
B) Recognition of sex differences
C) Ability to get along with age mates
D) Ability to delay gratification

Question 15

Parents tell the nurse that their toddler eats little at mealtime, only sits at the table with the family briefly, and wants snacks "all the time." What should the nurse recommend?

A) Give her nutritious snacks.
B) Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes.
C) Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtimes.
D) Explain to her in a firm manner what is expected of her.

Question 16

Which statement is correct about toilet training?

A) Bladder training is usually accomplished before bowel training.
B) Wanting to please the parent helps motivate the child to use the toilet.
C) Watching older siblings use the toilet confuses the child.
D) Children must be forced to sit on the toilet when first learning.

Question 17

Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electrical outlet recently, her parent finds her about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior?

A) Her cognitive development is delayed.
B) This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed.
C) This is typical behavior because of toddlers' inability to transfer remembering to new situations.
D) This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused pain.

Question 18

A parent asks the nurse about negativism in toddlers. What is the most appropriate recommendation?

A) Punish the child.
B) Provide more attention.
C) Ask child not to always say "no."
D) Reduce the opportunities for a "no" answer.

Question 19

A 17-month-old child should be expected to be in which stage, according to Piaget?

A) Preoperations
B) Concrete operations
C) Tertiary circular reactions
D) Secondary circular reactions

Question 20

The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of which?

A) Trust
B) Initiative
C) Intimacy
D) Autonomy

Question 21

The nurse is providing guidance strategies to a group of parents with toddlers at a community outreach program. Which statement by a parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

A) "I should expect my 24-month-old child to express some signs of readiness for toilet training."
B) "I should be firm and structured when disciplining my 18-month-old child."
C) "I should expect my 12-month-old child to start to develop a fear of darkness and to need a security blanket."
D) "I should expect my 36-month-old child to understand time and proximity of events."

Question 22

The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized toddler. What is the rationale for planning to continue the toddler's rituals while hospitalized?

A) To provide security
B) To prevent regression
C) To prevent dependency
D) To decrease negativism

Question 23

The nurse is teaching parents of a toddler how to handle temper tantrums. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Provide realistic expectations.
B) Avoid using rewards for good behavior.
C) Ensure consistency among all caregivers in expectations.
D) During tantrums, ignore the behavior and continue to be present.
E) Use time-outs for managing temper tantrums, starting at 12 months.

Question 24

A nurse is observing children playing in the playroom. What describes parallel play?

A) A child playing a video game
B) Two children playing a card game
C) Two children watching a movie on a television
D) A child playing with blocks next to a child playing with trucks

Question 25

The nurse understands that which guideline should be followed to determine serving sizes for toddlers?

A) 1/2 tbsp of solid food per year of age
B) 1 tbsp of solid food per year of age
C) 2 tbsp of solid food per year of age
D) 2 1/2 tbsp of solid food per year of age

Question 26

What is the most common type of burn in the toddler age group?

A) Electric burn from electrical outlets
B) Flame burn from playing with matches
C) Hot object burn from cigarettes or irons
D) Scald burn from high-temperature tap water

Question 27

The nurse is teaching parents about toilet training. What should the nurse include in the teaching session?

A) Bladder training is accomplished before bowel training.
B) The mastery of skills required for toilet training is present at 18 months.
C) By 12 months, the child is able to retain urine for up to 2 hours or longer.
D) The physiologic ability to control the sphincters occurs between 18 and 24 months.

Question 28

Parents ask the nurse for strategies to help their toddler adjust to a new baby. What should the nurse suggest?

A) Start talking about the baby very early in the pregnancy.
B) Move the toddler to a new bed after the baby comes home.
C) Tell the toddler that a new playmate will be coming home soon.
D) Alert visitors to the new baby to include the toddler in the visit.

Question 29

Parents are switching their toddler, who has met the weight requirement, from a rear-facing car seat to a forward-facing seat. The nurse should recommend the parents place the seat where in the car?

A) In the front passenger seat
B) In the middle of the rear seat
C) In the rear seat behind the driver
D) In the rear seat behind the passenger

Question 30

The nurse is preparing a staff education program about growth and development of an 18-month-old toddler. Which characteristics should the nurse include in the staff education program? (Select all that apply.)

A) Eats well with a spoon and cup
B) Runs clumsily and can walk up stairs
C) Points to common objects
D) Builds a tower of three or four blocks
E) Has a vocabulary of 300 words
F) Dresses self in simple clothes

Question 31

To avoid a fall from a crib, the nurse recommends to parents that their toddler should sleep in a bed rather than a crib when reaching what height?

A) 30 in
B) 35 in
C) 40 in
D) 45 in

Question 32

What preventive measures should the nurse teach parents of toddlers to prevent early childhood caries? (Select all that apply.)

A) Avoid using a bottle as a pacifier.
B) Eliminate bedtime bottles completely.
C) Place juice in a bottle for the child to drink.
D) Wean from the bottle by 18 months of age.
E) Avoid coating pacifiers in a sweet substance.

Question 33

A toddler is in the sensorimotor, tertiary circular reactions stage of cognitive development. What behavior should the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.)

A) Refers to self by pronoun
B) Gestures "up" and "down"
C) Able to insert round object into a hole
D) Can find hidden objects but only in the first location
E) Uses future-oriented words, such as "tomorrow"

Question 34

The nurse is assessing a toddler's visual acuity. Which visual acuity is considered acceptable during the toddler years?

A) 20/20
B) 20/40
C) 20/50
D) 20/60

Question 35

The nurse is teaching parents about avoiding accidental burns with their toddler. What water heater setting should the nurse recommend to the parents?

A) 120° F
B) 130° F
C) 140° F
D) 150° F

Question 36

The parent of 16-month-old child asks, "What is the best way to keep my child from getting into our medicines at home?" What should the nurse advise?

A) "All medicines should be locked securely away."
B) "The medicines should be placed in high cabinets."
C) "Your child just needs to be taught not to touch medicines."
D) "Medicines should not be kept in the homes of small children."

Question 37

The nurse is teaching a parent of an 18-month-old about developmental milestones associated with feeding. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) The child will begin to use a fork.
B) The child will be able use a straw and cup.
C) The child will be able to hold a cup with both hands.
D) The child will be able to drink from a cup with a lid.
E) The child will begin to use a spoon but may turn it before reaching the mouth.

Question 38

A parent asks the nurse, "When will I know my child is ready for toilet training?" The nurse should include what in the response? (Select all that apply.)

A) The child should be able to stay dry for 1 hour.
B) The child should be able to sit, walk, and squat.
C) The child should have regular bowel movements.
D) The child should express a willingness to please.

Question 39

Parents ask the nurse, "How should we deal with our toddler's regression since our new baby has come home?" The nurse should give the parents which response?

A) "Introduce new areas of learning."
B) "Use time-out as punishment when regression occurs."
C) "Ignore the behavior and praise appropriate behavior."
D) "Explain to the toddler that the behavior is not acceptable."

Question 40

The nurse is assessing a 20-month-old toddler during a well-child visit and notices tooth decay. The nurse should understand that early childhood caries are caused by what?

A) Allowing the child to eat citrus foods at bedtime
B) A hereditary factor that cannot be prevented
C) Poor fluoride supply in the drinking water
D) Giving the child a bottle of juice or milk at naptime

Question 41

MATCHING
Match the type of vegetarianism to its description.

Exclude meat and eggs but drink milk

A)Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B)Lactovegetarians
C)Pure vegetarians (vegans)
D)Macrobiotics
E)Semi-vegetarians

Question 42

MATCHING
Match the type of vegetarianism to its description.

Eliminate all foods of animal origin, including milk and eggs, allowing only a few types of fruits, vegetables, and legumes

A)Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B)Lactovegetarians
C)Pure vegetarians (vegans)
D)Macrobiotics
E)Semi-vegetarians

Question 43

MATCHING
Match the type of vegetarianism to its description.

Exclude meat from their diet but consume dairy products and rarely fish

A)Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B)Lactovegetarians
C)Pure vegetarians (vegans)
D)Macrobiotics
E)Semi-vegetarians

Question 44

A parent tells the nurse, "My toddler tries to undo the car seat harness and climb out of the seat." What strategies should the nurse recommend to the parent to encourage the child to stay in the seat? (Select all that apply.)

A) Allow your child to hold a favorite toy.
B) Allow your child out of the seat occasionally.
C) Avoid using rewards to encourage cooperative behavior.
D) When child tries to unbuckle the seat harness, firmly say, "No."
E) It may be necessary to stop the car to reinforce the expected behavior.

Question 45

The nurse is preparing to administer some iron drops to a toddler. Which factor can increase iron absorption? (Select all that apply.)

A) Vitamin A
B) Acidity (low pH)
C) Phosphates (milk)
D) Malabsorptive disorders
E) Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Question 46

A health care provider prescribes sodium fluoride drops, 0.25 mg PO daily. The medication label states: "Sodium fluoride drops 0.5 mg/1 ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer using one decimal place.
________________

Question 47

What child behavior indicates to the nurse that temper tantrums have become a problem? (Select all that apply.)

A) The child is 2 to 3 years old
B) Tantrums occur at bedtime
C) Tantrums occur past 5 years of age
D) Tantrums last longer than 15 minutes
E) Tantrums occur more than five times a day

Question 48

MATCHING
Match the type of vegetarianism to its description.

Eliminate all foods of animal origin, including milk and eggs

A)Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B)Lactovegetarians
C)Pure vegetarians (vegans)
D)Macrobiotics
E)Semi-vegetarians

Question 49

MATCHING
Match the type of vegetarianism to its description.

Exclude meat from their diet but consumes dairy products with some fish and poultry

A)Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B)Lactovegetarians
C)Pure vegetarians (vegans)
D)Macrobiotics
E)Semi-vegetarians