Deck 20: Biochemistry

Question 1

What is the term for a carboxylic acid with an amine group on the alpha carbon?

A)amino acid
B)fatty acid
C)nucleic acid
D)peptide
E)none of the above

Answer 1

amino acid

Question 2

What is the term for a theory that explains enzyme catalysis?

A)denaturation model
B)enzyme model
C)lock-and-key model
D)molecular model
E)none of the above

Answer 2

lock-and-key model

Question 3

What is the term for a repeating unit in a nucleic acid composed of a sugar,base,and phosphoric acid?

A)enzyme
B)monosaccharide
C)nucleotide
D)phospholipid
E)none of the above

Answer 3

nucleotide

Question 4

What type of biological compound is composed of sugar molecules?

A)carbohydrate
B)lipid
C)nucleic acid
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 5

What is the term for a triglyceride (triacylglycerol)from an animal source that has mostly saturated fatty acids?

A)fat
B)oil
C)phospholipid
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 6

What is the term for a protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction?

A)carbohydrate
B)enzyme
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 7

What is the term for a triglyceride (triacylglycerol)from a plant source that has mostly unsaturated fatty acids?

A)fat
B)oil
C)phospholipid
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 8

What type of biological compound is a polymer of amino acids?

A)carbohydrate
B)lipid
C)nucleic acid
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 9

What is the term for a carbohydrate composed of many simple sugar molecules?

A)nucleic acid
B)polypeptide
C)polysaccharide
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 10

What type of biological compound is insoluble in water?

A)carbohydrate
B)lipid
C)nucleic acid
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 11

What is the term for a carbohydrate composed of two simple sugar molecules?

A)dipeptide
B)disaccharide
C)monopeptide
D)monosaccharide
E)none of the above

Question 12

What is the term for a carbohydrate composed of a simple sugar molecule?

A)dipeptide
B)disaccharide
C)monopeptide
D)monosaccharide
E)none of the above

Question 13

What type of biological compound carries genetic information?

A)carbohydrate
B)lipid
C)nucleic acid
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 14

What is the term for an -O- bond that joins two simple sugars?

A)ester linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)peptide linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 15

What is the term for 10-50 amino acids joined together by amide bonds?

A)nucleic acid
B)polypeptide
C)polysaccharide
D)protein
E)none of the above

Question 16

What is the term for the study of biological compounds?

A)analytical chemistry
B)biochemistry
C)inorganic chemistry
D)organic chemistry
E)none of the above

Question 17

What is the term for two amino acids joined by an amide bond?

A)dipeptide
B)disaccharide
C)monopeptide
D)monosaccharide
E)none of the above

Question 18

What is the term for a carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon chain?

A)amino acid
B)fatty acid
C)nucleic acid
D)phospholipid
E)none of the above

Question 19

What is the term for an amide bond that joins two amino acids?

A)ester linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)peptide linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 20

What is the term for a lipid composed of glycerol,two fatty acids,and phosphoric acid?

A)phospholipid
B)steroid
C)triglyceride
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 21

What type of biological compound is a polymer composed of a sugar,a base,and phosphoric acid?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 22

Which of the following types of linkage is found in a lipid?

A)peptide linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)ester linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 23

What type of biological compound is characterized by carboxylic acid,amine,and amide functional groups?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 24

What is the term for a lipid hormone composed of four rings of carbon atoms?

A)phospholipid
B)steroid
C)tetraglyceride
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 25

Which of the following types of linkage is found in a nucleic acid?

A)peptide linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)ester linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 26

What type of biological compound is a polymer of amino acids?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 27

What type of biological compound is a water-insoluble fat or oil?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 28

Which of the following types of linkage is found in a protein?

A)peptide linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)ester linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 29

What is the term for the process by which a DNA molecule synthesizes a complementary single strand of RNA?

A)duplication
B)replication
C)transcription
D)translation
E)none of the above

Question 30

What type of biological compound is a polymer of simple sugar molecules?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 31

What is the term for the process by which a DNA molecule synthesizes an identical molecule of DNA?

A)duplication
B)replication
C)transcription
D)translation
E)none of the above

Question 32

What type of biological compound is characterized by a carboxylic acid as its only functional group?

A)amino acid
B)sugar
C)fatty acid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 33

What type of biological compound is characterized by an aldehyde or ketone and alcohol functional groups?

A)amino acid
B)sugar
C)fatty acid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 34

What is the term for a chemical reaction of a fat with sodium hydroxide to produce soap and glycerol?

A)denaturation
B)glyceration
C)hydrolysis
D)saponification
E)none of the above

Question 35

What type of biological compound is characterized by having a base attached to a sugar molecule?

A)amino acid
B)sugar
C)fatty acid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 36

What is the term for a lipid composed of a fatty acid and a long-chain alcohol?

A)phospholipid
B)steroid
C)triglyceride
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 37

What type of biological compound is characterized by aldehyde or ketone and alcohol functional groups?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 38

What type of biological compound is characterized by a carboxylic acid and an amine functional group?

A)amino acid
B)sugar
C)fatty acid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 39

Which of the following types of linkage is found in a carbohydrate?

A)peptide linkage
B)glycoside linkage
C)ester linkage
D)phosphate linkage
E)none of the above

Question 40

What is the term for a lipid composed of glycerol and three fatty acids?

A)phospholipid
B)steroid
C)triglyceride
D)wax
E)none of the above

Question 41

How many possible tripeptides contain alanine (Ala),and two glycine (Gly)amino acids?

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)9
E)none of the above

Question 42

Which of the following occurs in Step 2 of enzyme catalysis?

A)The substrate molecule binds to the active site.
B)The enzyme molecule binds to the active site.
C)The substrate cleaves the enzyme molecule.
D)The enzyme cleaves the substrate molecule.
E)none of the above

Question 43

Which of the following affects an enzyme and can make it inactive?

A)high pH
B)low pH
C)high temperature
D)low temperature
E)all of the above

Question 44

What type of protein structure corresponds to the sequence of amino acids?

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of the above

Question 45

Which of the following occurs in Step 1 of enzyme catalysis?

A)The substrate molecule binds to the active site.
B)The enzyme molecule binds to the active site.
C)The substrate cleaves the enzyme molecule.
D)The enzyme cleaves the substrate molecule.
E)none of the above

Question 46

What is the term for a molecule that blocks an enzyme and prevents a reaction?

A)catalyst
B)inhibitor
C)steroid
D)substrate
E)none of the above

Question 47

What type of bonds are responsible for the secondary structure of a protein?

A)amide bonds
B)ester bonds
C)hydrogen bonds
D)ionic bonds
E)none of the above

Question 48

In the lock-and-key model for enzyme catalysis,what do the separate lock and clasp represent?

A)the active site
B)the enzyme
C)the products
D)the substrate
E)none of the above

Question 49

What type of protein structure corresponds to a twisted coil containing a helix of amino acids?

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of the above

Question 50

How many amino acids compose glycylalanylvaline?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)1000s

Question 51

What type of biological compound is characterized by ester functional groups?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 52

What type of protein structure corresponds to a pleated sheet of amino acids?

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of the above

Question 53

An enzyme is an example of which type of biological compound?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 54

In the lock-and-key model for enzyme catalysis,what do the "teeth" on the key represent?

A)the active site
B)the enzyme
C)the products
D)the substrate
E)none of the above

Question 55

What type of biological compound is characterized by alcohol and amine functional groups?

A)protein
B)carbohydrate
C)lipid
D)nucleic acid
E)none of the above

Question 56

What type of bonds are responsible for the primary structure of a protein?

A)amide bonds
B)ester bonds
C)hydrogen bonds
D)ionic bonds
E)none of the above

Question 57

How many amino acids compose leucylalanylseryltryptophan?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)1000s

Question 58

How many possible tripeptides contain three alanine (Ala)amino acids?

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)9
E)none of the above

Question 59

How many possible tripeptides contain alanine (Ala),glycine (Gly),and proline (Pro)amino acids?

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)9
E)none of the above

Question 60

What type of protein structure corresponds to a spiral helix of amino acids?

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of the above

Question 61

Which of the following is the structure of stearic acid?

A)CH₃-(CH₂)10-COOH
B)CH₃-(CH₂)12-COOH
C)CH₃-(CH₂)14-COOH
D)CH₃-(CH₂)16-COOH
E)none of the above

Question 62

What is the repeating monosaccharide in cellulose?

A)fructose
B)galactose
C)glucose
D)ribose
E)none of the above

Question 63

Which of the following is characteristic of a lipid fat?

A)animal source
B)saturated fatty acids
C)semisolid
D)water insoluble
E)all of the above

Question 64

Which of the following is characteristic of an enzyme?

A)An enzyme can speed a reaction by a factor of a million.
B)An enzyme is selective for a given molecule.
C)An enzyme is present in a trace amount.
D)An enzyme gives specific products.
E)all of the above

Question 65

Which of the following functional groups are found in a ketose sugar?

A)alcohol and aldehyde
B)alcohol and ketone
C)aldehyde and ketone
D)aldehyde and phenol
E)none of the above

Question 66

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of ketopentose sugar?

A)1
B)5
C)6
D)12
E)none of the above

Question 67

What is the term for a location on an enzyme that matches the shape of the substrate molecule?

A)active site
B)catalyst
C)functional group
D)inhibitor
E)none of the above

Question 68

What is the repeating monosaccharide in glycogen?

A)fructose
B)galactose
C)glucose
D)ribose
E)none of the above

Question 69

Which of the following properties is associated with a phospholipid?

A)Phospholipids have an -helix structure.
B)Phospholipids have the taste of chocolate.
C)Phospholipids are soluble in both fat and water.
D)Phospholipids are extremely reactive.
E)none of the above

Question 70

Which of the following is the structure of oleic acid?

A)CH₃-(CH₂)16-COOH
B)CH₃-(CH₂)7-CH=CH-(CH₂)7-COOH
C)CH₃-(CH₂)4-CH=CH-CH₂-CH=CH-(CH₂)7-COOH
D)CH₃-CH₂-CH=CH-CH₂-CH=CH-CH₂-CH=CH-(CH₂)7-COOH
E)none of the above

Question 71

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of aldopentose sugar?

A)1
B)5
C)6
D)12
E)none of the above

Question 72

Which of the following functional groups are found in an aldose sugar?

A)alcohol and aldehyde
B)alcohol and ketone
C)aldehyde and ketone
D)aldehyde and phenol
E)none of the above

Question 73

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of aldohexose sugar?

A)1
B)5
C)6
D)12
E)none of the above

Question 74

What is the repeating monosaccharide in starch?

A)fructose
B)galactose
C)glucose
D)ribose
E)none of the above

Question 75

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of ketohexose sugar?

A)1
B)5
C)6
D)12
E)none of the above

Question 76

Which monosaccharide is produced from the acid hydrolysis of maltose?

A)fructose
B)galactose
C)ribose
D)threose
E)none of the above

Question 77

Which of the following is found in a lipid fat or oil?

A)ester linkages
B)glycerol
C)saturated fatty acids
D)unsaturated fatty acids
E)all of the above

Question 78

Which monosaccharides are produced from the acid hydrolysis of sucrose?

A)glucose and fructose
B)glucose and galactose
C)glucose and ribose
D)glucose and threose
E)none of the above

Question 79

Which of the following is characteristic of a lipid oil?

A)plant source
B)unsaturated fatty acids
C)liquid
D)water insoluble
E)all of the above

Question 80

Which monosaccharides are produced from the acid hydrolysis of lactose?

A)fructose and glucose
B)galactose and glucose
C)ribose and glucose
D)threose and glucose
E)none of the above