Deck 13: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Question 1

Parents tell the nurse they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. What is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?

A) Punish the children so this behavior stops.
B) Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.
C) Get counseling for this unusual and dangerous behavior.
D) Allow the children unrestricted permission to satisfy this curiosity.

Answer 1

Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.

Question 2

At a seminar for parents with preschool-age children, the nurse has discussed anticipatory tasks during the preschool years. Which statement by a parent should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

A) "I should be worried if my 4-year-old child has an increase in sexual curiosity because this is a sign of sexual abuse."
B) "I should expect my 5-year-old to change from a tranquil child to an aggressive child when school starts."
C) "I should be concerned if my 4-year-old child starts telling exaggerated stories and has an imaginary playmate, since these could be signs of stress."
D) "I should expect my 3-year-old child to have a more stable appetite and an increase in food selections."

Answer 2

"I should expect my 3-year-old child to have a more stable appetite and an increase in food selections."

Question 3

In terms of fine motor development, what should the 3-year-old child be expected to do?

A) Tie shoelaces.
B) Copy (draw) a circle.
C) Use scissors or a pencil very well.
D) Draw a person with seven to nine parts.

Answer 3

Copy (draw) a circle.

Question 4

The nurse is planning to bring a preschool child a toy from the playroom. What toy is appropriate for this age group?

A) Building blocks
B) A 500-piece puzzle
C) Paint by number picture
D) Farm animals and equipment

Question 5

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesn't want another blood sample drawn because "I need all of my insides and I don't want anyone taking them out." What is the nurse's best interpretation of this?

A) The child is being overly dramatic.
B) The child has a disturbed body image.
C) Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.
D) Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies.

Question 6

Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period?

A) Team
B) Parallel
C) Solitary
D) Associative

Question 7

During the preschool period, the emphasis of injury prevention should be placed on what?

A) Limitation of physical activities
B) Punishment for unsafe behaviors
C) Constant vigilance and protection
D) Teaching about safety and potential hazards

Question 8

During a well-child visit, the father of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that he is not sure if his son is ready for kindergarten. The boy's birthday is close to the cut-off date, and he has not attended preschool. What is the nurse's best recommendation?

A) Start kindergarten.
B) Talk to other parents about readiness.
C) Perform a developmental screening.
D) Postpone kindergarten and go to preschool.

Question 9

What is descriptive of the nutritional requirements of preschool children?

A) The quality of the food consumed is more important than the quantity.
B) The average daily intake of preschoolers should be about 3000 calories.
C) Nutritional requirements for preschoolers are very different from requirements for toddlers.
D) Requirements for calories per unit of body weight increase slightly during the preschool period.

Question 10

The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes "monsters and bogeymen" are in his bedroom at night. What is the nurse's best suggestion for coping with this problem?

A) Let the child sleep with his parents.
B) Keep a night light on in the child's bedroom.
C) Help the child understand that these fears are illogical.
D) Tell the child that monsters and bogeymen do not exist.

Question 11

The nurse is explaining average weight gain during the preschool years to a group of parents. Which average weight gain should the nurse suggest to the parents?

A) 1 to 2 kg
B) 2 to 3 kg
C) 3 to 4 kg
D) 4 to 5 kg

Question 12

A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was "bad." What is the nurse's best interpretation of this comment?

A) Sign of stress
B) Common at this age
C) Suggestive of maladaptation
D) Suggestive of excessive discipline at home

Question 13

According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?

A) Thoughts are all powerful.
B) God is an imaginary friend.
C) Events have cause and effect.
D) If the skin is broken, the insides will come out.

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks the nurse when his parents are coming, what would the nurse's best response be?

A) "They will be here soon."
B) "They will come after dinner."
C) "Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is."
D) "I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be."

Question 15

What dysfunctional speech pattern is a normal characteristic of the language development of a preschool child?

A) Lisp
B) Echolalia
C) Stammering
D) Repetition without meaning

Question 16

The nurse is talking to the parent of a 5-year-old child who refuses to go to sleep at night. What intervention should the nurse suggest in helping the parent to cope with this sleep disturbance?

A) Establish a consistent punishment if the child does not go to bed when told.
B) Allow the child to fall asleep in a different room and then gently move the child to his or her bed.
C) Establish limited rituals that signal readiness for bedtime.
D) Allow the child to watch television until almost asleep.

Question 17

In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which?

A) Think abstractly.
B) Use magical thinking.
C) Understand conservation of matter.
D) Understand another person's perspective.

Question 18

What characteristic best describes the language skills of a 3-year-old child?

A) Asks meanings of words
B) Follows directional commands
C) Can describe an object according to its composition
D) Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

Question 19

A boy age 4 1/2 years has been having increasingly frequent angry outbursts in preschool. He is aggressive toward the other children and the teachers. This behavior has been a problem for approximately 8 to 10 weeks. His parent asks the nurse for advice. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A) Refer the child for a professional psychosocial assessment.
B) Explain that this is normal in preschoolers, especially boys.
C) Encourage the parent to try more consistent and firm discipline.
D) Talk to the preschool teacher to obtain validation for behavior parent reports.

Question 20

A child age 4 1/2 years sometimes wakes her parents up at night screaming, thrashing, sweating, and apparently frightened, yet she is not aware of her parents' presence when they check on her. She lies down and sleeps without any parental intervention. This is most likely what?

A) Nightmare
B) Sleep terror
C) Sleep apnea
D) Seizure activity

Question 21

The nurse is conducting an assessment of fine motor development in a 3-year-old child. Which is the expected drawing skill for this age?

A) Can draw a complete stick figure
B) Holds the instrument with the fist
C) Can copy a triangle and diamond
D) Can copy a circle and imitate a cross

Question 22

What signals the resolution of the Oedipus or Electra complex?

A) Learns sex differences
B) Learns sexually appropriate behavior
C) Identifies with the same-sex parent
D) Has guilt over feelings toward the father or mother

Question 23

A parent taking a preschool child to school on the first day asks the nurse, "What do I do if my child wants me to stay?" What is an appropriate response by the nurse?

A) "It is better if you do not stay."
B) "It is best to stay and participate in the activities."
C) "It is OK to stay part of the first day, but be inconspicuous."
D) "It would be better to have a good friend take your child to class the first day."

Question 24

What are sources of stress in preschoolers? (Select all that apply.)

A) Shares possessions
B) Damages or destroys objects
C) May fear dogs or other animals
D) Seems to be in perpetual motion
E) May stutter or stumble over words

Question 25

What is the reason pedestrian motor vehicle injuries increase in the preschool age? (Select all that apply.)

A) Riding tricycles
B) Running after balls
C) Playing in the street
D) Crossing streets at the crosswalk
E) Crossing streets with an adult

Question 26

What are common causes of speech problems? (Select all that apply.)

A) Autism
B) Prematurity
C) Hearing loss
D) Developmental delay
E) Overstimulated environment

Question 27

The nurse is teaching parents of a 3-year-old child about gross motor developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Rides a tricycle
B) Catches a ball reliably
C) Jumps off the bottom step
D) Stands on one foot for a few seconds
E) Walks downstairs using alternate footing

Question 28

The nurse understands that traits of gifted children include what? (Select all that apply.)

A) Fair memory skills
B) Limited sense of humor
C) Perfectionism as a focus
D) Inquisitive; always asking questions
E) Displays intense feelings and emotion

Question 29

What should the nurse suggest to parents of preschoolers about sensitive questions regarding sex?

A) Distract your child from the topic.
B) Offer complete factual information.
C) Dismiss the topic until the child is older.
D) Find out what your child knows or thinks.

Question 30

The nurse is teaching parents of a 3-year-old child about language developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Asks many questions
B) Names one or more colors
C) Repeats sentence of six syllables
D) Uses primarily "telegraphic" speech
E) Has a vocabulary of 1500 words or more

Question 31

The nurse is teaching parents of a 4-year-old child about fine motor developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Can lace shoes
B) Uses scissors successfully
C) Builds a tower of nine or 10 cubes
D) Builds a bridge with three cubes
E) Adeptly places small pellets in a narrow-necked bottle

Question 32

The nurse is teaching parents about instilling a positive body image for the preschool age. What statement made by the parents indicates the teaching is understood?

A) "We will make sure our child is praised about his or her looks."
B) "We will help our child compare his or her size with other children."
C) "We understand our child will have well-defined body boundaries."
D) "We will be sure our child understands about being little for his or her age."

Question 33

Parents of a preschool child tell the nurse, "Our child seems to have many imaginary fears." What suggestion should the nurse give to the parents to help their child resolve the fears?

A) Ignore the fears; they will go away.
B) Explain to your child the fears are not real.
C) Give your child some new toys to allay the fears.
D) Help your child to resolve the fears through play activities.

Question 34

What developmental achievements are demonstrated by a 4-year-old child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Cares for self totally
B) Throws a ball overhead
C) Has a vocabulary of 1500 words
D) Can skip and hop on alternate feet
E) Tends to be selfish and impatient
F) Commonly has an imaginary playmate

Question 35

Parents are worried that their preschool-aged child is showing hyperaggressive behavior. What are signs of hyperaggresive behavior? (Select all that apply.)

A) Disrespect
B) Noncompliance
C) Infrequent impulsivity
D) Occasional temper tantrums
E) Unprovoked physical attacks on other children

Question 36

The nurse is teaching parents of a 4-year-old child about socialization developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Very independent
B) Has mood swings
C) Has better manners
D) Eager to do things right
E) Tends to be selfish and impatient

Question 37

Parents ask the nurse, "Should we be concerned our preschooler has an imaginary friend, and how should we react?" Which responses should the nurse give to the parents? (Select all that apply.)

A) "The imaginary playmate is a sign of health."
B) "You can acknowledge the presence of the imaginary companion."
C) "It is normal for a preschool-aged child to have an imaginary friend."
D) "If your child wants a place setting at the table for the child, it is best to refuse."
E) "It is OK to allow the child to blame the imaginary playmate to avoid punishment."

Question 38

The nurse has just given a subcutaneous injection to a preschool child, and the child asks for a Band-Aid over the site. Which action should the nurse implement?

A) Place a Band-Aid over the site.
B) Massage the injection site with an alcohol swab.
C) Show the child there is no bleeding from the site.
D) Explain that a Band-Aid is not needed after a subcutaneous injection.

Question 39

The nurse is explaining the preconventional stage of moral development to a group of nursing students. What characterizes this stage?

A) Children in this stage focus on following the rules.
B) Children in this stage live up to social expectations and roles.
C) Children in this stage have a concrete sense of justice and fairness.
D) Children in this stage have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong.