Deck 16: Health Problems of the School-Age Child

Question 1

The nurse should know what about Lyme disease?

A) Very difficult to prevent
B) Easily treated with oral antibiotics in stages 1, 2, and 3
C) Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite
D) Common in geographic areas where the soil contains the mycotic spores that cause the disease

Answer 1

Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite

Question 2

A 9-year-old child has just been diagnosed with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP). In preparing for discharge, the nurse should include what in the home care instructions to the parents?

A) Following a high-fiber diet
B) Using stimulant laxatives
C) Using ice packs on the abdomen when pain occurs
D) Sitting on the toilet for 30 minutes after each meal

Answer 2

Following a high-fiber diet

Question 3

What is characteristic of children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A) Denial as a defense mechanism is unusual.
B) Traumatic effects cannot remain indefinitely.
C) Previous coping strategies and defense mechanisms are not useful.
D) Children often play out the situation over and over again.

Answer 3

Children often play out the situation over and over again.

Question 4

A 6-year-old boy with very fair skin will be joining his family during a beach vacation. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Keep him off the beach during the daytime hours.
B) Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply it every 2 to 3 hours.
C) Apply a topical sunscreen product with an SPF of 30 in the morning.
D) Dress him in long pants and long-sleeved shirt and keep him under a beach umbrella.

Question 5

What is a characteristic of children with depression?

A) Increased range of affective response
B) Tendency to prefer play instead of schoolwork
C) Change in appetite resulting in weight loss or gain
D) Preoccupation with need to perform well in school

Question 6

The school nurse is reviewing the process of wound healing. What is the initial response at the site of injury?

A) Contraction
B) Maturation
C) Fibroplasia
D) Inflammation

Question 7

The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis. What should be included in the nurse's discussion with the family?

A) Instruct the parents to sit the child on the toilet at twice-daily routine intervals.
B) Instruct the parents that the child will probably need to have daily enemas.
C) Suggest the use of stimulant cathartics weekly.
D) Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress.

Question 8

The management of a child who has just been stung by a bee or wasp should include applying what?

A) Cool compresses
B) Antibiotic cream
C) Warm compresses
D) Corticosteroid cream

Question 9

The school nurse is seeing a child who collected some poison ivy leaves during recess. He says only his hands touched it. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A) Soak his hands in warm water.
B) Apply Burow's solution compresses.
C) Rinse his hands in cold running water.
D) Scrub his hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap.

Question 10

What is an important consideration in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

A) Learning disabilities are apparent at an early age.
B) The child will always be distracted by external stimuli.
C) Parental observations of the child's behavior are most relevant.
D) It must be determined whether the child's behavior is age appropriate or problematic.

Question 11

A parent calls the clinic nurse because his 7-year-old child was bitten by a black widow spider. What action should the nurse advise the parent to take?

A) Apply warm compresses.
B) Carefully scrape off the stinger.
C) Take the child to the emergency department.
D) Apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream.

Question 12

The nurse is facilitating a conference between the teachers and parents of a 7-year-old child newly diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). What does the nurse stress?

A) Academic subjects should be taught in the afternoon.
B) Low-interest activities in the classroom should be minimized.
C) Visual references should accompany verbal instruction.
D) The child's environment should be visually stimulating.

Question 13

Parents phone the nurse and say that their child just knocked out a permanent tooth. What should the nurse's instructions to the parents include?

A) Place the tooth in dry container for transport.
B) Hold the tooth by the crown and not by the root area.
C) Transport the child and tooth to a dentist within 18 hours.
D) Take the child to hospital emergency department if his or her mouth is bleeding.

Question 14

A school-age child has been bitten on the leg by a large snake that may be poisonous. During transport to an emergency facility, what should the care include?

A) Apply ice to the snakebite.
B) Immobilize the leg with a splint.
C) Place a loose tourniquet distal to the bite.
D) Apply warm compresses to the snakebite.

Question 15

Deficiency of which vitamin or mineral results in an inadequate inflammatory response?

A) A
B) B1
C) C
D) Zinc

Question 16

A toddler has a deep laceration contaminated with dirt and sand. Before closing the wound, the nurse should irrigate with what solution?

A) Alcohol
B) Normal saline
C) Povidone-iodine
D) Hydrogen peroxide

Question 17

An occlusive dressing is applied to a large abrasion. This is advantageous because the dressing will accomplish what?

A) Deliver vitamin C to the wound.
B) Provide an antiseptic for the wound.
C) Maintain a moist environment for healing.
D) Promote mechanical friction for healing.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a child with a decubiti on the buttocks. The nurse notes that the dressing covering the decubiti is loose. What action should the nurse implement?

A) Retape the dressing.
B) Remove the dressing.
C) Change the dressing.
D) Reinforce the dressing.

Question 19

An older school-age child asks the nurse, "What is the reason for this topical corticosteroid cream?" What rationale should the nurse give?

A) The cream is used for an antifungal effect.
B) The cream is used for an analgesic effect.
C) The cream is used for an antibacterial effect.
D) The cream is used for an anti-inflammatory effect.

Question 20

Parents are concerned that their 6-year-old son continues to occasionally wet the bed. What does the nurse explain?

A) This is likely because of increased stress at home.
B) Enuresis usually ceases between 6 and 8 years of age.
C) Drug therapy will be prescribed to treat the enuresis.
D) Testing will be necessary to determine what type of kidney problem exists.

Question 21

The school nurse is assessing a child's severely scraped knee for infection. What are signs of a wound infection? (Select all that apply.)

A) Odor
B) Edema
C) Dry scab
D) Purulent exudate
E) Decreased temperature

Question 22

The nurse is explaining the purpose of using a vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) device to assist in the healing of a wound. What should the nurse explain as the purpose of using a VAC device?

A) The device will decrease capillary flow.
B) The device applies gentle continuous suction.
C) The device will allow the wound to remain open.
D) The device will prevent the formation of granulation tissue.

Question 23

A health care provider prescribes clonidine hydrochloride (Kapvay), PO, 0.3 mg, daily for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The medication label states: "Clonidine hydrochloride (Kapvay), 0.1 mg/1 tablet." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many tablet(s) should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer as a whole number.
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Question 24

A child has had contact with some poison ivy. The school nurse understands that the full-blown reaction should be evident after how many days?

A) 1 day
B) 2 days
C) 3 days
D) 4 days

Question 25

A health care provider prescribes methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin), PO, 20 mg, twice a day, for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The medication label states: "Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin), 10 mg/1 tablet." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many tab(s) should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer as a whole number.
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Question 26

The nurse is admitting a child with frostbite. What health care prescription should the nurse question and verify?

A) Massage the injured tissue.
B) Apply a loose dressing after rewarming.
C) Avoid any application of dry heat to the area.
D) Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) for discomfort.

Question 27

The nurse is caring for a child who has a temperature of 30° C (86° F). What physical effects of hypothermia should the nurse expect to observe in this child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Reduced urinary output
B) Injury to peripheral tissue
C) Increased blood pressure
D) Tachycardia
E) Irritability with loss of consciousness
F) Rigid extremities

Question 28

A health care provider prescribes risperidone (Risperdal), PO, 2 mg, twice a day, for a child with schizophrenia. The medication label states: "Risperidone (Risperdal) oral concentrate, 1 mg/1 ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer as a whole number.
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Question 29

The nurse is caring for a child with psoriasis. What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Development of wheals
B) First lesions appear in the scalp
C) Round, thick, dry reddish patches
D) Lesions appear in intergluteal folds
E) Patches are covered with coarse, silvery scales

Question 30

The nurse is teaching a school-age child about factors that can delay wound healing. What factors should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Deficient vitamin C
B) Deficient vitamin D
C) Increased circulation
D) Dry wound environment
E) Increase in white blood cells

Question 31

The emergency department nurse is admitting a child with a temperature of 35° C (95° F). What physical effects of hypothermia should the nurse expect to observe in this child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Bradycardia
B) Vigorous shivering
C) Decreased respiratory rate
D) Decreased intestinal motility
E) Task performance is impaired

Question 32

MATCHING
Many cutaneous lesions are associated with local symptoms. Match the symptom with its definition.

Itching

A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia

Question 33

The nurse understands that medications delivered by which route are more likely to cause a drug reaction?

A) Oral
B) Topical
C) Intravenous
D) Intramuscular

Question 34

A health care provider prescribes paroxetine (Paxil), 20 mg, PO, daily for a child with depression. The medication label states: "Paroxetine (Paxil) 10 mg/1 tablet." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many tablet(s) should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer as a whole number.
________________

Question 35

The nurse is caring for a child with erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome). What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Papular urticaria
B) Erythematous papular rash
C) Lesions absent in the scalp
D) Lesions enlarge by peripheral expansion
E) Firm papules that may be capped by vesicles

Question 36

The nurse is caring for a child with neurofibromatosis. What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.)

A) Pigmented nevi
B) Axillary freckling
C) Café-au-lait spots
D) Slowly growing cutaneous neurofibromas
E) Wheals that spread irregularly and fade within a few hours

Question 37

A health care provider prescribes sertraline (Zoloft) PO, 50 mg, daily, for a child with depression. The medication label states: "Sertraline (Zoloft) oral concentrate, 20 mg/1 ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer to one decimal place.
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Question 38

A health care provider prescribes haloperidol (Haldol), PO, 0.5 mg, twice a day, for a child with schizophrenia. The medication label states: "Haloperidol (Haldol) oral concentrate, 1 mg/1 ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters should the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer to one decimal place.
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Question 39

MATCHING
Many cutaneous lesions are associated with local symptoms. Match the symptom with its definition.

Excessive sensitiveness

A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia

Question 40

The nurse is teaching parents of a school-age child how to cleanse small wounds. What should the nurse advise the parents to avoid using to cleanse a wound? (Select all that apply.)

A) Alcohol
B) Normal saline
C) Tepid water
D) Povidone-iodine
E) Hydrogen peroxide

Question 41

Match the acute wound to its definition.

Removal of the superficial layers of skin by rubbing or scraping

A)Abrasion
B)Avulsion
C)Laceration
D)Incision
E)Puncture

Question 42

MATCHING
Many cutaneous lesions are associated with local symptoms. Match the symptom with its definition.

Abnormal sensation

A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia

Question 43

Match the acute wound to its definition.

Division of the skin made with a sharp object

A)Abrasion
B)Avulsion
C)Laceration
D)Incision
E)Puncture

Question 44

Match the acute wound to its definition.

Forcible pulling out or extraction of tissue

A)Abrasion
B)Avulsion
C)Laceration
D)Incision
E)Puncture

Question 45

MATCHING
Many cutaneous lesions are associated with local symptoms. Match the symptom with its definition.

Absence of sensation

A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia

Question 46

Match the acute wound to its definition.

Wound with a relatively small opening compared with the depth

A)Abrasion
B)Avulsion
C)Laceration
D)Incision
E)Puncture

Question 47

Match the acute wound to its definition.

Torn or jagged wound

A)Abrasion
B)Avulsion
C)Laceration
D)Incision
E)Puncture

Question 48

MATCHING
Many cutaneous lesions are associated with local symptoms. Match the symptom with its definition.

Diminished sensation

A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia