Deck 13: The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses

Question 1

Red blood cells,found in lymphatic vessels and organs,help defend the body against disease.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The anatomy of larger lymphatic vessels is similar to

A)capillaries.
B)arterioles.
C)large arteries.
D)large veins.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The right lymphatic duct drains lymph that comes from

A)the right upper limb,right side of the head and neck.
B)the body below the thorax,left upper limb,left side of head and neck.
C)the entire body.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Lymph vessels are similar to cardiovascular

A)arteries.
B)veins.
C)capillaries.

Question 5

Dietary fats are absorbed by lacteals found in the haustra of the large intestine.

Question 6

The ability of the body to react to antigens and remain free of disease is

A)immunity.
B)homeostasis.
C)immaturity.
D)responsiveness.

Question 7

The thymus is

A)larger in adults.
B)larger in children.
C)the same size in adults and children.

Question 8

Special lymphatic capillaries in the small intestines are called

A)lymph nodes.
B)lacteals.
C)villi.
D)lymph.

Question 9

Which of the following form a continuous loop;fluid flows in one direction,but ends where it started,and continues in the same loop?

A)Lymphatic vessels
B)Blood vessels
C)Both blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Question 10

Lymphocytes originate and/or mature in primary lymphatic organs.

Question 11

Which of the following is a primary lymphatic organ?

A)Lymph node
B)Spleen
C)Thymus
D)Tonsil

Question 12

What does red bone marrow do?

A)Produces red blood cells
B)Produces white blood cells
C)Produces red and white blood cells
D)None apply.

Question 13

What is the major difference between lymph and tissue fluid (interstitial fluid)?

A)Lymph contains plasma proteins;tissue fluid does not.
B)Tissue fluid contains more white blood cells than lymph.
C)Their location: lymph is in lymphatic vessels,tissue fluid is in the tissues,between tissue cells.
D)Lymph is found only in lymphatic organs like lymph nodes;tissue fluid is found in the lymphatic vessels.

Question 14

The spleen and thymus are primary lymphatic organs.

Question 15

What type of immune cell reaches maturity in the thymus?

A)B lymphocytes
B)Neutrophils
C)Monocytes
D)T lymphocytes

Question 16

Edema is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 17

Which lymphatic structure enters the subclavian vein?

A)Lymphatic duct
B)Lymphatic vessel
C)Lymphatic trunk
D)All apply.

Question 18

Contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of lymphatic vessels is very important to lymph movement.

Question 19

Blood is pushed through ______ by the pumping action of the heart.

A)Lymphatic vessels
B)Blood vessels
C)Both blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Question 20

Lymphatic system vessels begin with

A)lymphatic ducts.
B)lymphatic vessels.
C)lymphatic capillaries.
D)lymph nodes.

Question 21

Peyer's patches are lymphatic nodules found in the

A)intestine.
B)throat.
C)stomach.
D)liver.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a chemical barrier that helps prevent entry of microbes into the body tissues?

A)Lysozyme
B)Sebum
C)Normal flora
D)Cytokines

Question 23

The tonsils are composed of

A)Peyer's patches.
B)lymphatic nodules.
C)stem cells.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a major grouping of lymph nodes?

A)Cervical
B)Inguinal
C)Popliteal
D)Axillary

Question 25

The red pulp in the spleen contains

A)macrophages.
B)lymphocytes.
C)worn out red blood cells.
D)All apply.

Question 26

Which of the following has a connective tissue capsule that encloses the lymphatic tissue?

A)Tonsils
B)Appendix
C)Peyer's patches
D)Lymph nodes

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a physical barrier that helps prevent entry of microbes into the body?

A)Intact skin
B)Mucous membranes
C)Stomach acid
D)Ciliated cells

Question 28

The white pulp of the spleen contains

A)macrophages.
B)lymphocytes.
C)worn out red blood cells.
D)All apply.

Question 29

The thymus is the most critical organ for immunity.

Question 30

Acid secretion occurs in the

A)respiratory tract.
B)intestine.
C)stomach.
D)arteries.

Question 31

Secondary lymphatic organs are where lymphocytes will

A)learn to recognize self cells.
B)grow and mature.
C)encounter and bind to antigens.
D)differentiate into different types of lymphocytes.

Question 32

Ciliated cells line the

A)respiratory tract.
B)intestine.
C)stomach.
D)ureters

Question 33

Which of the following are found in lymph nodes?

A)B lymphocytes
B)Macrophages
C)T lymphocytes
D)All apply.

Question 34

Lymphangitis is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 35

Lymphoma is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 36

Lymphadenitis is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 37

The spleen filters ______;lymph nodes filter _______.

A)lymph;lymph
B)blood;lymph
C)blood;blood
D)lymph;blood

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a nonspecific defense mechanism?

A)Barriers to entry
B)Antibodies
C)Inflammation
D)Phagocytosis

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphatic organ?

A)Thymus gland
B)Spleen
C)Lymph nodes
D)Tonsils

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a tonsil?

A)Pharyngeal
B)Lingual
C)Oral
D)Palatine

Question 41

What specific process has been occurring if pus is present around an infected area?

A)Swelling
B)Bleeding
C)Phagocytosis
D)Coagulation

Question 42

Antibody-mediated immunity is also known as

A)cell-mediated immunity.
B)neural-mediated immunity.
C)humoral immunity.
D)hormonal immunity.

Question 43

Interferon is a defense against

A)bacteria-infected cells.
B)virus-infected cells.
C)fungus-infected cells.
D)All apply.

Question 44

Helpful,non-harmful bacteria live in

A)the lungs.
B)the intestine.
C)the mouth.
D)both intestine and mouth.

Question 45

Once a B cell has been activated by a specific antigen (an antigen binds to an antigen receptor on the B cell membrane),it will divide,making many copies of itself.This process is known as

A)apoptosis.
B)clonal selection.
C)induced immunity.
D)hypersensitivity.

Question 46

Interferon

A)increases the activity of macrophages.
B)makes the capillary more permeable.
C)prevents viral reproduction.
D)All apply.

Question 47

T cells and B cells are

A)antigens.
B)lymphocytes.
C)macrophages.
D)neutrophils.

Question 48

Under the influence of cytokines from helper T cells,B cells enlarge and divide,forming

A)plasma cells.
B)memory cells.
C)helper cells.
D)plasma cells and memory cells.

Question 49

What nonspecific cells kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells by cell to cell contact?

A)Mast cells
B)Natural killer cells
C)T lymphocytes
D)B lymphocytes

Question 50

An antibacterial enzyme that is present in saliva,tears,and sweat is

A)antibodies.
B)interferon.
C)lysozyme.
D)antigen.

Question 51

What occurs because of increased capillary permeability at the site of inflammation?

A)Escaped fluids cause swelling.
B)Increased pressure from fluid causes pain.
C)Clotting factors move into tissues.
D)All apply.

Question 52

Portions of bacteria,viruses,molds,parasites,and cancer cells that cause specific responses from the immune system are called

A)antibodies.
B)macrophages.
C)antigens.
D)interferons.

Question 53

Which of the following are the four signs of inflammation?

A)Redness,swelling,pain,heat
B)Swelling,cold,pain,cyanosis
C)Pain,phagocytosis,redness,pus
D)Heat,pus,swelling,pain

Question 54

Apoptosis is

A)a form of cell division.
B)the production of antibodies.
C)a nonspecific defense.
D)programmed cell death.

Question 55

B cells are responsible for

A)cell-mediated immunity.
B)inflammation.
C)antibody-mediated immunity.
D)nonspecific immunity.

Question 56

Which of the following is a form of nonspecific defense?

A)Antibody-mediated immunity
B)Cell-mediated immunity
C)Natural killer cells
D)All apply.

Question 57

Which of the following produce antibodies?

A)T lymphocytes
B)Macrophages
C)B lymphocytes
D)All apply.

Question 58

Plasma cells produce

A)antibodies.
B)histamines.
C)T cells.
D)antigens.

Question 59

Lysozyme is found in

A)tears.
B)saliva.
C)urine.
D)both tears and saliva.

Question 60

_______,released by damaged tissue and mast cells,causes capillaries to dilate and become more permeable.

A)Histamine
B)Serotonin
C)Lysozyme
D)Complement

Question 61

HIV-1 infects

A)B cells.
B)CD4 (helper T cells).
C)CD8 (cytotoxic T cells).
D)memory T cells.

Question 62

Cytotoxic T cells may attack

A)antigen-bearing cells.
B)cancer cells.
C)virus-infected cells.
D)All apply.

Question 63

T cells are responsible for

A)antibody-mediated immunity.
B)cell-mediated immunity.
C)plasma cells.
D)memory cells.

Question 64

Which type of antibody is involved in causing immediate allergic reactions?

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgG
D)IgE

Question 65

What happens after a T cell has been activated for a specific antigen?

A)Produces cytokines
B)Undergoes clonal expansion
C)Produces antibodies
D)Both produces cytokines and undergoes clonal expansion

Question 66

Which molecule from a cytotoxic T cell creates holes in plasma membranes of virus-infected or cancer cells?

A)Cytokine
B)Interleukin
C)Perforin
D)Interferon

Question 67

Which type of antibody is the first one made by a newborn and generally the first one to combat an infection?

A)IgG
B)IgM
C)IgE
D)IgD

Question 68

Which type of antibody is the main one in circulation?

A)IgA
B)IgM
C)IgG
D)IgE

Question 69

What type of cells allow for long-term protection against antigens?

A)Plasma cells
B)Memory B cells
C)Antibodies
D)Helper T cells

Question 70

During clonal selection,most B cells become plasma cells,but others will become

A)antibodies.
B)antigens.
C)phagocytes.
D)memory B cells.

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT an action of antibodies with the antigen?

A)Neutralize bacterial toxins by coating them
B)Make a cluster of antigen-antibody complexes
C)Make the antigen more susceptible to phagocytosis
D)All apply.

Question 72

HIV-1 is transmitted by

A)sexual contact.
B)sharing needles.
C)blood.
D)All apply.

Question 73

Antibodies bind to

A)foreign substances.
B)antigens.
C)bacteria.
D)All apply.

Question 74

Which type of antibody is found in breast milk,saliva,and other body secretions?

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgE
D)IgG

Question 75

Which of the following is NOT true of a category A stage of an HIV infection?

A)Helper T count is 500 per mm³ or greater.
B)An infected person is very contagious.
C)Most infected people have no symptoms.
D)HIV blood test is positive.

Question 76

An antigen-presenting cell (APC)is a

A)red blood cell.
B)macrophage.
C)helper T cell.
D)B cell.

Question 77

Which of the following is NOT true of a category B stage of an HIV infection?

A)Helper T count is less than 200 per mm³
B)Severe fatigue
C)Persistent cough,fever,diarrhea
D)Swollen lymph glands for over 3 months

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT true of antibodies?

A)They have a constant region that binds to an antigen.
B)They are a Y-shaped protein molecule.
C)There are five classes of antibodies.
D)Antibodies can act by neutralization.

Question 79

T cells

A)are activated by an antigen-presenting cell.
B)may stimulate B cells.
C)release cytokines.
D)All apply.

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT true of human MHC proteins?

A)They are called HLA (human leukocyte antigens).
B)They are self-antigens.
C)They are linked to foreign antigens to activate a B cell.
D)They are found on all of one's body cells.