Deck 43: Assisting with Diagnostic Imaging

Question 1

The _______________ is the fluoroscopic examination of the colon, usually involving rectal administration of barium sulfate as a contrast medium.

A) CT scan
B) MRI
C) lower GI scan
D) upper GI scan

Answer 1

lower GI scan

Question 2

What word means "farther away" or "farthest from" the trunk or the point of origin of a body part?

A) Proximal
B) Distal
C) Superficial
D) Deep

Answer 2

Distal

Question 3

Which medical term means "front" or "in front of"?

A) Superior
B) Inferior
C) Anterior
D) Posterior

Answer 3

Anterior

Question 4

Which of the following terms means "toward the head"?

A) Cephalic
B) Inferior
C) Caudal
D) Posterior

Question 5

The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is the _____ plane.

A) sagittal
B) frontal
C) midsagittal
D) transverse

Question 6

What plane divides the body into two equal right and left halves?

A) Midsagittal
B) Frontal
C) Transverse
D) Crosswise

Question 7

__________ is an imaging method in which a magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses are used to create computer images of bones and soft tissue in multiple planes.

A) CT scan
B) Ultrasound
C) MRI
D) IVU

Question 8

The _____________ is a fluoroscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, involving oral administration of barium sulfate as a contrast medium.

A) CT scan
B) MRI
C) lower GI scan
D) upper GI scan

Question 9

______________ is the direct observation of the x-ray image in motion.

A) CT scan
B) MRI
C) IVU
D) Fluoroscopy

Question 10

The computed x-ray imaging technique that provides axial and three-dimensional scans is commonly called a(n)

A) CT scan.
B) MRI.
C) sonogram.
D) upper GI scan.

Question 11

The doughnut-shaped part of a CT scanner that surrounds the patient and gathers imaging data is called a

A) gantry.
B) contrast medium.
C) transducer.
D) table.

Question 12

Which statement is true of a UGI?

A) It is performed with an iodine contrast medium.
B) Patient prep includes the use of a cathartic.
C) It is a fluoroscopic examination.
D) It is an MRI procedure.

Question 13

_______________ is an imaging method in which radioactive materials are injected into the body or ingested to provide information about the function of organs and tissues.

A) Nuclear medicine
B) Ultrasound
C) MRI
D) IVU

Question 14

The medical term meaning "toward the midline of the body" is

A) medial.
B) lateral.
C) ventral.
D) dorsal.

Question 15

If the physician orders a plantar x-ray film, the technician would take an image of the

A) palm of the hand.
B) superior side of the foot.
C) inferior aspect of the heel.
D) sole of the foot.

Question 16

Diverticulosis may be diagnosed with which procedure?

A) UGI
B) LGI
C) Abdominal sonography
D) MRI with iodine dye

Question 17

What medical term means "toward or nearest the trunk of the body"?

A) Proximal
B) Distal
C) Superficial
D) Deep

Question 18

A badge for monitoring the radiation exposure of personnel is called a

A) gantry.
B) dosimeter.
C) transducer.
D) roentgen.

Question 19

Why is it important to ask patients scheduled for an IVP if they are allergic to shellfish?

A) Food allergies can alter the results of certain diagnostic tests.
B) Fish allergies are a contraindication when barium contrast material is used.
C) Iodine creates a bitter taste in patients allergic to shellfish.
D) Shellfish contain high levels of iodine, which is the contrast used in an IVP.

Question 20

How would you explain an IVU procedure to a patient?

A) It uses iodine as a contrast medium and aids in the diagnosis of kidney stones.
B) No special patient prep is required.
C) It is performed with an MRI machine.
D) Iodine is used as a contrast medium, and the uterus is visualized.

Question 21

Which of the following planes divides the body into equal right and left parts?

A) Sagittal plane
B) Midsagittal plane
C) Coronal plane
D) Midcoronal or midfrontal plane
E) Transverse plane

Question 22

What is the most frequent concern of patients scheduled for CT studies?

A) Exposure to x-rays
B) Anxiety about entering the confined space of the tube
C) Iodine allergies
D) Magnetic pull on metal objects

Question 23

Which of the following is a noninvasive diagnostic modality that allows visualization of anatomic structures without the use of radioactive x-rays?

A) Magnetic resonance imaging
B) Computed tomography
C) Angiocardiogram
D) Myelography

Question 24

You have a patient scheduled for an MRI. What should you include in the patient education?

A) It cannot be done if the patient is allergic to iodine.
B) The MRI uses advanced radiation technology to provide the physician with a multiple view of the area.
C) A very loud tapping noise is heard throughout the procedure.
D) The patient does not have to enter the machine, unlike with a CT scan.

Question 25

When more than one diagnostic study is to be done, which of the following would need to be conducted first?

A) Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series (barium swallow)
B) Fiberoptic studies
C) CT studies with IV contrast any time after iodine uptake blood studies
D) Lower gastrointestinal (GI) series (barium enema)
E) CT studies of the abdomen or pelvis

Question 26

DEXA scanners are used for which of the following?

A) Evaluate bone density of the hip
B) Diagnose cancerous tumors
C) Evaluate blood flow to the heart
D) Determine the sex of the fetus
E) Diagnose herniated intervertebral disks

Question 27

Which of the following agents is (are) injected into joint capsules to produce an arthrogram?

A) Barium
B) Iodine
C) Radioactive carbon
D) Paramagnetic agents

Question 28

What is the electrical control setting that determines the penetrating power and speed of the x-ray beam?

A) Milliamperage
B) Kilovoltage
C) Exposure time
D) Source-to-image distance

Question 29

Which of the following refers to the position when the patient's right side is on the image receptor, with his or her front leaning toward the IR?

A) Left anterior oblique
B) Right anterior oblique
C) Left posterior oblique
D) Right posterior oblique

Question 30

Which statement is true about the somatic effects of radiation exposure?

A) The low doses associated with radiography produce long-term effects that may not be apparent for decades.
B) X-ray exposure must be limited because of the immediate effects it can have.
C) Somatic effects are a problem only for radiologists.
D) Radiation exposure affects everyone in the same way.

Question 31

Which types of scans do not provide clear images of anatomic structures but are used to obtain information about the function of organs and tissues?

A) MRIs
B) CT scans
C) Nuclear medicine scans
D) Sonograms
E) All of the above

Question 32

Which of the following examinations cannot be performed on a patient with a cardiac pacemaker?

A) MRI
B) CT
C) Arteriography
D) Doppler ultrasound

Question 33

You are concerned about the safety of working in a facility that performs x-ray studies on site. Which statement is true about your risk of radiation exposure as an employee in the facility?

A) The x-ray room collects radiation over time.
B) Scatter radiation is present at all times.
C) The only time a radiation hazard exists is during the x-ray exposure itself.
D) People consistently exposed to scatter radiation have a shortened life span.

Question 34

Which of the following cells are most sensitive to radiation exposure?

A) Neurons
B) Muscles
C) Hepatocytes
D) Epidermal cells

Question 35

Which part(s) of a radiographic table is (are) called a "Bucky"?

A) Cassette holder
B) Grid
C) Image receptor
D) Both B and C

Question 36

Which of the following terms is referring to the palm (anterior surface) of the hand?

A) Medial
B) Palmar
C) Plantar
D) Posterior

Question 37

Which of the following occurs when an x-ray strikes something and bounces in different directions?

A) Primary radiation
B) Secondary radiation
C) Remnant radiation
D) Scatter radiation

Question 38

Which statement is true about cell sensitivity to radiation exposure?

A) Older cells are more sensitive than younger ones.
B) Cells that divide and multiply rapidly are more sensitive than those that replicate slowly.
C) Cells that have a slower metabolic rate are more sensitive.
D) Highly complex cells are the most sensitive to radiation effects.

Question 39

Which of the following terms describes penetrating to the head, or toward the head?

A) Caudal
B) Anterior
C) Cephalic
D) External

Question 40

Which of the following fluoroscopic examinations would have the patient swallow a barium sulfate suspension?

A) Upper gastrointestinal series
B) Lower gastrointestinal series
C) Intravenous urogram
D) Arthrogram

Question 41

__________ is a procedure in which a catheter is used to open or widen a blood vessel.

Question 42

The radiographic view in which the coronal plane of the body or body part is parallel to the film plane (AP or PA) is a(n) __________ projection.

Question 43

AP stands for __________.

Question 44

The radiopaque substance used to enhance the visibility of soft tissues in imaging studies is called a(n) __________.

Question 45

The radiographic view in which the sagittal plane of the body or body part is parallel to the film is called __________.

Question 46

A(n) __________ is a moving grid device that prevents scatter radiation from fogging an x-ray film.

Question 47

Which of the following is not a documented latent effect of low doses of ionizing radiation?

A) Cataract formation
B) Carcinogenesis
C) Shortened life span
D) Osteoradionecrosis

Question 48

A fluoroscopic examination of a joint in which a contrast medium is used to allow visualization of the soft tissue components is a(n) __________.

Question 49

A(n) __________ should be worn close to the collar and outside a lead apron to pick up radiation exposure.

Question 50

__________ ultrasonography can be used to detect vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis.

Question 51

Which trimester poses the greatest fetal risk from radiation to the uterus in excess of 150 mGy-t (5 rad)?

A) First trimester
B) Second trimester
C) Third trimester
D) All of the above

Question 52

__________ is a therapeutic technique performed by the radiologist in which a catheter is used to block a blood vessel and prevent hemorrhage.

Question 53

The radioactive substance administered to a patient for nuclear medicine imaging procedures is called a(n) __________.

Question 54

Which of the following statements is correct regarding placement of a gonad shield on a female patient?

A) Required on patients over the age of 55
B) Placed with its lower margin at the level of the pubic symphysis
C) Positioned with its upper margin about 1 inch below the pubic symphysis
D) Only used when gonads are within the primary radiation field
E) Both A and B

Question 55

Radioactive tracers are used in __________ to provide information about the function of organs and tissues.

Question 56

The frontal projection in which the patient is prone, or facing the x-ray film or image receptor, is called __________.

Question 57

For a(n) __________, iodine dye is given IV to allow visualization of the renal system.

Question 58

Which of the following cells are considered less sensitive to radiation?

A) Younger cells
B) Simple cells
C) Cells that use energy rapidly
D) Cells that replicate slowly

Question 59

Which of the following methods is (are) used to protect personnel from unnecessary radiation during fluoroscopic procedures and mobile radiographic examinations?

A) Time
B) Distance
C) Shielding
D) All of the above

Question 60

A(n) __________ is also called a barium enema.

Question 61

In a frontal projection, the coronal plane of the body or body part is parallel to the film plane.

Question 62

Describe four guidelines the medical assistant should follow when explaining radiographic pediatric examinations.

Question 63

Organize the following tests according to when they should be ordered:
a. Radiographic examinations of the urinary tract
b. Radiographic examinations of the biliary system
c. All x-ray examinations that do not require contrast media
d. Upper GI series (barium swallow)
e. CT studies of the abdomen or pelvis (done before barium studies)
f. Lower GI series (barium enema)
g. CT studies with IV contrast any time after iodine uptake blood studies
h. Fiberoptic studies (e.g., gastroscopy, endoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy)
i. Any laboratory studies or nuclear medicine procedures involving iodine uptake

Question 64

Summarize the safety checks that should be performed before an x-ray image is taken.

Question 65

You are employed in a busy internal medicine practice, and one of your responsibilities is to reinforce patient preparation instructions for a variety of diagnostic procedures. Describe patient preparations for the following studies:
· Barium enema
· Barium swallow
· Bone scan
· IVU
· MRI

Question 66

Cardiac catheterization allows visualization of the endocardium of the atria and ventricles.

Question 67

The potential formation of cataracts is a concern for radiographers who work extensively with fluoroscopy.

Question 68

The collimator uses a shielded device to limit the amount of radiation exposure to the patient.

Question 69

The source-to-image distance is the distance from the gantry to the film.

Question 70

A barium enema is performed before a colonoscopy to ensure the best visualization of the colon.

Question 71

A lateral projection takes an image from either the patient's right or left side.

Question 72

Patients with cardiac pacemakers cannot have an MRI scan.

Question 73

Nuclear medicine scans provide clear, detailed images of anatomic structures.

Question 74

All radiographic examinations requiring the use of iodine uptake should be scheduled before a lower GI series.

Question 75

You have a 58-year-old patient who is suspected of having osteoporosis. The physician orders a DEXA scan, and the patient is scheduled to return for a visit to learn the results. Explain to the patient what a DEXA scan is, how it is performed, and what the results might mean.

Question 76

Digital radiography uses a filmless imaging system.

Question 77

In the lateral recumbent position, the patient is sitting up on the right or left side.

Question 78

A patient is not exposed to an average amount of radiation during an MRI procedure.

Question 79

Indications of serious complications from iodine dye injection include flushing and nausea.

Question 80

A parent, rather than a professional radiographer, should hold a child in position for an x-ray examination.