Deck 13: Death and Dying

Question 1

Age and race/ethnicity in U.S. The segment of the U.S.population with the lowest age-adjusted mortality rate is:

A)White females
B)non-Hispanic Black men
C)Black females
D)non-Hispanic White men

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Definition of death The medical and legal definition of death considers it to occur when:

A)all vital organs have ceased functioning except the brain.
B)the individual is being kept alive only through life support
C)life support is removed but the vital organs continue to function.
D)all vital organs,including the brain have ceased functioning.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Social class and mortality reason Researchers believe that the main reason for the relationship between social class and mortality appears to be due to which factor in lower class occupations?

A)Higher exposure to environmental toxins
B)Lack of control over the pace and timing of work
C)Less time to spend with friends and family
D)Greater chance of injuries on the job

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Whitehall II social class and mortality According to findings from Whitehall II,individuals from lower social class compared to higher social class had higher risk of which mortality-related condition?

A)cancer
B)cardiovascular disease
C)chronic emphysema
D)osteoarthritis

Question 5

State with lowest death rate Which U.S.state has the lowest age-adjusted death rate?

A)West Virginia
B)Hawaii
C)Florida
D)Mississippi

Question 6

Crude death rate- choice An epidemiologist is conducting a study in which she is only interested in finding out how many people die each year for a given population.The measure she will use for this study is the:

A)age-adjusted death rate.
B)crude death rate.
C)age-specific death rate.
D)gross death rate.

Question 7

Cancer and steady dying trajectory An individual showing a steady and continuously declining dying trajectory is likely to have which type of disease?

A)Renal failure.
B)Cancer.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)Cardiovascular disease.

Question 8

Crude death rate- stem The crude death rate provides information about which aspect of mortality?

A)Total number of deaths occurring in a given time period.
B)Percentage of deaths within each age group.
C)Number of deaths divided by the size of the population.
D)Average deaths occurring within each age group.

Question 9

Healthy Lifespan- choice The __________________ is the length of time an individual can live without significant disease and disability.

A)dying trajectory
B)age-adjusted death rate
C)healthy lifespan
D)good death

Question 10

Changes prior to death Shortly prior to death,an individual is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

A)Elevated mood.
B)Extreme wakefulness.
C)Clearer vision and hearing.
D)Visual hallucinations.

Question 11

Anorexia-cachexia syndrome- choice Loss of appetite and muscle mass in the period before a person dies is referred to as the:

A)dual-process model.
B)anorexia-cachexia syndrome.
C)rapid dying trajectory.
D)terminal decline.

Question 12

Dying trajectory- choice An individual's rate of decline prior to death is referred to as the:

A)healthy lifespan.
B)social death.
C)acceptance stage.
D)dying trajectory.

Question 13

Healthy lifespan- stem The healthy lifespan refers to the length of time that an individual can:

A)maintain a positive attitude toward life's ending.
B)live without significant disease and disability.
C)be treated by others with respect and dignity.
D)live after passing the age that a relative died.

Question 14

Hispanic life expectancy Which racial ethnic group in the U.S.for both sexes combined has the highest life expectancy?

A)White
B)non-Hispanic Blacks
C)Hispanic
D)Asian-American

Question 15

The meaning of age-adjusted death rate An age-adjusted death rate in the U.S.in 2010 of 746.2 per 100,000 compared to the age-adjusted death rate of 860 in 2000 means that:

A)the lifespan is showing a gradual increase per decade.
B)the population is getting healthier because people are dying at later ages.
C)fewer people overall were dying in 2010 than in 2000.
D)the population is getting unhealthier because people are dying at younger ages.

Question 16

Age-adjusted death rate- stem To measure the health of a population,epidemiologists use the age-adjusted death rate,which provides what type of information?

A)weighted sum of deaths in the population on the basis of age.
B)the total number of deaths occurring within each age group.
C)weighted sum of deaths per year over the past ten years.
D)the average number of deaths occurring within each age group.

Question 17

Why people die from Alzheimer's disease The death of an individual who is in the later stages of Alzheimer's disease typically occurs due to:

A)continuous loss of brain tissue.
B)desire for physician-assisted suicide.
C)development of an acute fatal illness.
D)general loss of the will to live.

Question 18

Age-adjusted death rate- choice Policy makers evaluating the health of their country seek to achieve a low ___________________ death rate would indicate that fewer people are dying at young ages in a population.

A)crude
B)age-specific
C)total
D)age-adjusted

Question 19

Anorexia-cachexia syndrome- stem Dying individuals experiencing the anorexia-cachexia syndrome,which is defined as which set of symptoms?

A)Accumulation of fluid in the extremities.
B)Hallucinations,delusions,and disorientation.
C)Loss of the desire to eat and decline in muscle mass.
D)Anxiety,depression,and memory loss.

Question 20

Dying trajectory- stem The dying trajectory an individual experiences prior to death refers to which process?

A)Rate of biological decline.
B)Stages prior to death acceptance.
C)Loss of cognitive functioning.
D)Decline in appetite and muscle mass.

Question 21

Health care proxy and durable power of attorney An appointment of a durable power of attorney for health care specifies who will serve as a(n)_____________ for an individual should he or she become incapacitated.

A)legal guardian
B)health care proxy
C)illness advisor
D)care counselor

Question 22

Living Will through Five Wishes An 80-year-old woman planning her living will through use of the "Five Wishes" website.This will allow her to honor her desire for:

A)choosing who will inherit her savings.
B)life-support or resuscitation.
C)gaining access to medical records.
D)having no family present at her funeral.

Question 23

Death with dignity Being able to die in a way that protects the individual from loss of control over the body is central to the idea of:

A)the beautiful death.
B)invisible death
C)death acceptance
D)death with dignity

Question 24

Invisible death Moving dying patients from the home to hospitals in mid-20^th Century Western culture has led to the ethos of the _________ death.

A)invisible
B)social
C)tamed
D)noble

Question 25

Legitimization of biography- choice Making sense of the story of your life prior to death is a process known as:

A)legitimization of biography
B)death with dignity
C)terror management
D)awareness of finitude

Question 26

When tamed death ethos was prevalent The death ethos known as "tamed death" was prevalent during which time and place in history?

A)Western Europe until the early Middle Ages
B)China during the late 14^th century
C)Early revolutionary America
D)Western Europe and America in the 1800s

Question 27

Denial stage of dying A woman's mother was diagnosed with terminal cancer but is convinced that,despite the odds,she will survive this disease.The woman realizes that her mother's chances are in fact close to zero.It appears that the mother is in which of the Kübler-Ross stages of dying?

A)bargaining
B)resistance
C)denial
D)depression

Question 28

Book of the Dead- stem The Book of the Dead in ancient Egypt consisted of instructions to be used for:

A)preparing the mummy for burial.
B)guiding the departed to the afterlife.
C)building the Great Pyramids of Giza.
D)decorating the body after death.

Question 29

Good death By bringing dying patients home to have control over their care,health care professionals are attempting to help them achieve a ________ death.

A)beautiful
B)tamed
C)social
D)good.

Question 30

Patient Self-Determination Act An important piece of U.S.federal legislation ensured the rights of dying patients to be able to have an active role in their care was the 1990 __________ Act:

A)Hospice End-of-Life Care
B)Right to Choose
C)Durable Power of Attorney
D)Patient Self-Determination

Question 31

Tamed death- choice Regarding death as a transition to an eternal life is characteristic of which death ethos?

A)death acceptance
B)beautiful death
C)tamed death
D)invisible death

Question 32

Denial of death The idea that Western culture is unwilling to accept the reality of mortality led Ernest Becker to write the critique of this attitude,called:

A)The Book of the Dead
B)On Death and Dying
C)The Denial of Death
D)Management of Terror

Question 33

Book of the Dead- choice In Ancient Egypt,the ______________ was considered to be the guidebook to ensure that an individual would be guided through the underworld and into the afterlife.

A)Ethos of the Spirit
B)Sword of Moses
C)Saga of the King
D)Book of the Dead

Question 34

Highest crude death rate Which country has the highest crude death rate in the world?

A)Bolivia
B)El Salvador
C)Rwanda
D)South Africa

Question 35

Cardiovascular disease rate The highest rate of death due to cardiovascular disease is found in:

A)Kazakhstan.
B)Armenia.
C)Pakistan.
D)China.

Question 36

Death ethos- stem Which type of information would a cultural anthropologist use to classify a culture's death ethos?

A)class differences in mortality rates
B)rates of terminal illness by age group
C)the language people use to describe death
D)average cost of a long-term hospital stay

Question 37

Terror management theory - stem According to the perspective known as ________________ Theory,activating a person's thoughts about death may trigger a set of positive changes,including closer relationships,greater creativity,and more connection to others.

A)Terror Management
B)Life Review
C)Awareness of Finitude
D)Death with Dignity

Question 38

Social death Treating dying individuals as nonpersons when they approach the end of their lives is known as _________ death.

A)tamed
B)isolated
C)social
D)remote

Question 39

Tamed death- stem The view of tamed death,prevalent until the early Middle Ages,regards death as:

A)a welcome end to life.
B)glorification of the self.
C)a noble path to life's end.
D)transition to eternal life.

Question 40

Beautiful death- choice The view that it is noble to die for a cause characterizes the ____________ death ethos.

A)tamed
B)beautiful
C)social
D)invisible

Question 41

Managing patient care based on dying trajectories The SUPPORT findings on managing patient care based on their dying trajectory suggested that the best model of care for patients experiencing a chronic illness with intermittent periods of worsening includes:

A)providing support and assistance for caregivers.
B)intervening only with hospice or palliative care .
C)educating patients about self-care and symptom management.
D)moving them into the hospital whenever their symptoms get worse.

Question 42

Death of a child Research following parents after the death of a child shows that:

A)the effects can last for as long as 20 years.
B)father are more affected than mothers.
C)the risk of mortality is highest when the children are older than 18.
D)parents are more likely to divorce after the death of a child.

Question 43

Hospice care- stem Unlike hospitals or nursing homes,hospices provide only______________ for their patients.

A)spiritual counseling
B)advance directives
C)palliative care
D)overtreatment

Question 44

DNR order- choice Patients who choose not to have medical intervention when their heart or lungs shut down are issuing a(n):

A)euthanasia request.
B)physician-assisted suicide directive.
C)do-not-resuscitate order.
D)palliative care commitment.

Question 45

Dual-Process Model of bereavement The dual-process model of coping with bereavement proposes that the most adaptive way to adapt to loss is to:

A)completely repress the fact that the loss occurred.
B)alternate between restoration and loss as coping methds.
C)focus only on dealing with the practical consequences of the loss.
D)become entirely immersed in one's feelings about the loss.

Question 46

States with legalized PAS Oregon and Washington have a unique status among U.S.states because they are the only two that permit:

A)euthanasia.
B)physician-assisted suicide.
C)peaceful awareness.
D)hospice care.

Question 47

Attachment view of bereavement According to the ________________ view of bereavement the bereaved can continue to benefit from maintaining emotional bonds to the deceased individual.

A)conventional
B)social death
C)behavioral
D)attachment

Question 48

Palliative care definition- stem A physician working with a terminally ill patient and his family suggest that they consider palliative care.This means that the patient would receive:

A)resuscitation if the patient goes into cardiac arrest.
B)life support for a maximum period of two weeks.
C)a minimum of pain medication unless absolutely necessary.
D)medications to provide pain relief and some physical therapy,as desired.

Question 49

DSM-5 bereavement diagnosis The DSM-5 considers extreme grief past a 2-week period following the loss of a close relative or friend to fit the criteria for which disorder?

A)Psychotic grief reaction
B)Attachment anxiety syndrome
C)Major depressive disorder
D)Bereavement adjustment disorder