Deck 14: Successful Aging and Creativity

Question 1

Predictors of successful cognitive aging In a national survey in the U.S.,researchers observed a gap of approximately ___% between the extent of loss that older adults actually experienced compared to what younger adults thought would occur.

A)32
B)66
C)5
D)14

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Pew study on well-being in older adults According to the Pew Research Center study of well-being,young adults wrongly believed that the experience of aging would most likely affect which aspect of life in adults 65 and older?

A)Desire to help others
B)Enjoyment of retirement
C)Cognitive functioning
D)Being able to get around

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Set point perspective- choice The ____________________ perspective is supported by research showing that personality traits as they change through time affect levels of well-being.

A)social comparison
B)social indicator
C)socioemotional selectivity
D)set point

Answer 3

D

Question 4

SHARE study critique of Rowe and Kahn model A large-scale study of retired European adults led researchers to critique the Rowe and Kahn model because it showed that ______________ were important contributors to successful aging.

A)childhood social class and income
B)health and disability
C)religious beliefs
D)social support

Question 5

Social indicator model An older adult who is living on a tight income and has to economize on the essentials of daily living should,according to the _______________,also have low levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

A)paradox of well-being
B)social indicator model
C)demographic hypothesis
D)resilience perspective

Question 6

Resilience and optimism in WHI study In a test of predictors of successful aging,a study on the Women's Health Initiative sample showed that _____________ had the greatest influence.

A)resilience and optimism
B)number of physical symptoms
C)cognitive performance
D)number of children

Question 7

Paradox of well-being According to the paradox of well-being,older adults who are objectively have a number of chronic illness should also appear psychologically to have:

A)poor mental health.
B)high levels of neuroticism.
C)poor cognitive functioning.
D)high levels of happiness.

Question 8

Positive psychology Studies of successful aging fit into the perspective known as _______________ psychology,which attempts to understand people's strengths and virtues.

A)psychoanalytic
B)subjective
C)behavioral
D)positive

Question 9

Self-esteem and life satisfaction Research on life satisfaction and personality on German emerging adults suggests that _____________ influences people's levels of well-being throughout across adulthood.

A)flexibility
B)neuroticism
C)self-esteem
D)extraversion

Question 10

Superagers The "Superagers" identified in an MRI study on memory and brain structure showed that those with better memories had the most cortical volume in which region?

A)Occipital cortex
B)Hypothalamus
C)Cingulate cortex
D)Hippocampus

Question 11

Life satisfaction vs.successful aging Compared to subjective well-being as a way to understand factors predicting successful aging,life satisfaction places heavier emphasis on:

A)cognitions.
B)happiness.
C)emotions.
D)affect.

Question 12

Sexual satisfaction in WHI study The Women's Health Initiative study on sexuality showed that sexual satisfaction was related to:

A)age of self and partner.
B)successful aging in general.
C)amount of physical exercise.
D)actual sexual activity.

Question 13

Plasticity model in aging and brain function A large analysis of studies on age,brain function,and cognitive performance supported the propositions of which perspective?

A)Ecological
B)Neural fallout
C)Plasticity
D)Cortical thickness

Question 14

Criticism of Rowe and Kahn model Critics of the Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging contend that it is overly focused on:

A)spirituality.
B)physical health.
C)social class.
D)subjective well-being.

Question 15

Life satisfaction across domains In a large scale study of well-being across specific domains of life such as health,income,leisure time,housing,and social relations,overall satisfaction with _____________ showed a steep decline in later adulthood.

A)health
B)income
C)social relations
D)housing

Question 16

Cohort-sequential life satisfaction study In a large cohort-sequential study of two large European national surveys,researchers found that at the very end of life,aging seems related to ______________ in life satisfaction:

A)gradual increases
B)continued stability
C)a fall then a rise
D)a steady descent

Question 17

Neurocognitive disorder and c-reactive protein Unlike predictors of cardiovascular performance in younger adults,high levels of which substance seem to protect older adults from neurocognitive disorders?

A)Triglycerides
B)Low-density lipoprotein
C)Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
D)C-reactive protein

Question 18

Income levels and health Studies of well-being in older adults suggest that those at the low end of the income scale experience:

A)high levels of self-esteem.
B)good overall health.
C)greater risk of depression.
D)closer relations with family.

Question 19

Life satisfaction study and socioemotional selectivity The results of a large cohort-sequential study of life satisfaction across the adult years seemed to contradict the findings of which theory?

A)Social indicator model
B)Socioemotional selectivity
C)Social comparison
D)Equal odds rule

Question 20

Criticism of Rowe and Kahn model from Health and Retirement study A study of successful aging in the Health and Retirement Study lends support to critics of the Rowe and Kahn model because although many in the sample had no disability,a considerable proportion (37-40%)had:

A)stopped working.
B)lost their spouses.
C)cognitive deficits.
D)some form of disability.

Question 21

Monet and cataracts The development of ____________ late in life led Monet to change the colors he used to depict scenes from nature.

A)cataracts
B)arthritis
C)cardiovascular disease
D)depression

Question 22

"Mini-C" creativity Creativity with a "mini-C" refers to what type of behavior in everyday life?

A)scrapbooking and collecting.
B)buying works of art.
C)having a sense of humor.
D)gaining self-understanding.

Question 23

Conceptual expansion- choice Studies of the neuroscience of creativity use a task in which the individual is asked to think about alternative uses of common objects,also called:

A)openness to experience
B)conceptual expansion
C)cognitive adaptability
D)metaphoric reasoning

Question 24

Creative potential People high in __________,according to Simonton,should be able to produce creative works well into old age as long as they remain alive.

A)openness to experiment
B)creative potential
C)cognitive flexibility
D)subjective well-being

Question 25

Longevity and creativity Increases in longevity may contribute to the greater productivity of older creative individuals by allowing them more:

A)opportunities to travel.
B)interaction with their children.
C)resources for collaboration.
D)time to be by themselves.

Question 26

Creative tasks used in studies of brain and creativity Studies of the neuroscience of creativity examine brain scans while individuals are involved in such cognitive tasks as:

A)thinking of analogies.
B)completing puzzles.
C)memorizing pictures.
D)sorting cards.

Question 27

Creativity in everyday life In everyday life,a person might express creativity in activities such as:

A)shopping.
B)cooking.
C)driving.
D)paying bills.

Question 28

Social comparison and minority status Among older adults from non-white racial and ethnic groups,especially those with low levels of education who are in poor health,the process of ________________ seems to explain the fact that their self-ratings of health are relatively high.

A)set point
B)identity commitment
C)social comparison
D)creative potential

Question 29

Identity assimilation and the life story Research on the life story suggests that using _____________ may help older adults cope,at least initially,with late-life losses and disappointments.

A)identity assimilation
B)exploring alternatives
C)social comparison
D)positive emotions.

Question 30

Definition of creativity One definition of creative ability emphasizes the idea that it is original,has an impact on others and is:

A)pleasing
B)well-liked
C)unusual
D)appropriate.

Question 31

Eminent creativity The eminent and well-known productive and imaginative individuals are referred to as having the ________ form of creativity.

A)Mini C
B)Big C
C)Regular C
D)Capital C

Question 32

Lastingness The quality of __________________ in the work of older artists applies to creative work that persists over time.

A)creative potential
B)old age style
C)swan song
D)lastingness

Question 33

Creativity and prefrontal cortex Studies linking personal disposition of openness to experience and activity in the ____________ of the brain suggest that there may be,in part,a biological component to creativity.

A)cerebellum
B)frontal lobe
C)limbic system
D)corpus callosum

Question 34

Neuroscience of creativity Research on the neuroscience of creativity contradicts the myth that the _____________ of the brain is involved in creative thinking.

A)parietal lobe
B)limbic system
C)frontal lobe
D)right hemisphere

Question 35

Old age style example The Pieta Rondanini sculpted by _______________ at the end of his life is an example of the old age style,with its emotional power and lack of attention to detail.

A)Da Vinci
B)Matisse
C)Monet
D)Michelangelo

Question 36

Swan song- stem A chief characteristic of the swan song is the fact that it is:

A)written in minor key.
B)intended to be played at funerals.
C)simple and easy to remember.
D)the only composition of a one-hit wonder.

Question 37

Approach taken by Dennis to age and productivity What correction did Dennis make in calculating the relationship between age and productivity?

A)Eliminated all cases of "one-hit wonders."
B)Disregarded the first 20 years of the career.
C)Took the quality of productivity into account.
D)Only included individuals living until 80.

Question 38

Planck hypothesis The Planck hypothesis proposes that peak scientific productivity occurs during which period of life?

A)Young-old age
B)Middle adulthood
C)Early adulthood
D)Old-old age

Question 39

One-hit wonder example- stem Somewhat surprisingly,the well-known writer ____________ is technically a "one-hit wonder"

A)Emily Dickinson
B)Margaret Mitchell
C)Anna Marie Robertson
D)Jane Austen

Question 40

Career age Because he used ___________ rather than chronological age,Simonton's model provides a better estimate of an individual's chance of being productive in late life.

A)cohort
B)career age
C)time of measurement
D)subjective age

Question 41

Lack of attention to sociocultural factors Critics of studies on aging and creativity point out that much of the research pays too little attention to:

A)productive individuals who live outside of North America.
B)the creative works of poets,writers,and dramatists.
C)sociocultural factors that advantage certain segments of society.
D)contributions made by artists in the 1800s and early 1900s.

Question 42

Black areas of accomplishment under-represented In analyzing the productive accomplishments of older Blacks,Simonton discovered that most of the research left them out because of failure to consider areas such as _______ in measuring productivity:

A)law
B)finance
C)art
D)politics

Question 43

Lack of attention to women The group of productive older individuals given credit mainly for their contributions to children's literature in studies of aging and creativity consists primarily of:

A)Native Americans.
B)women.
C)British authors.
D)Blacks.

Question 44

Famous firsts- choice Examples of eminent non-White agers known as _________ play an important role in African American reference works but not in majority counts of productivity and creativity.

A)talented innovators
B)pioneer achievers
C)successful minorities
D)famous firsts