Deck 10: Prevention

Question 1

Clinical psychologists are less likely to be involved in _____________aspects of prevention programs

A) development
B) training
C) supervision and evaluation
D) delivery

Answer 1

delivery

Question 2

Positive effects of intensive preschool intervention programs are greatest for:

A) short term interventions
B) medium-term interventions
C) long-terms interventions
D) all of the above

Answer 2

long-terms interventions

Question 3

One example of a universal preventive intervention is:

A) washing your hands after sneezing
B) advertisements aimed at reducing cigarette smoking
C) requiring people to wear masks when entering a hospital during an outbreak of a contagious disorder
D) quarantining individuals who have contact with someone who has a contagious disorder

Answer 3

advertisements aimed at reducing cigarette smoking

Question 4

More recently, clinical psychologists have been most concerned with which level of intervention?

A) primary intervention
B) secondary intervention
C) tertiary intervention
D) all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding primary prevention:

A) it is based on a behavioral model of functioning
B) it relies on the concept of disease
C) it is focused on the provision of conditions related to mental illness
D) it is similar to the concept of disease prevention

Question 6

In addition to the deleterious mental and physical health consequences, children living in poverty are more likely than other children to be exposed to:

A) family violence
B) environmental pollutants
C) overcrowded living conditions
D) all of the above

Question 7

Examples of preventative practices include:

A) hand-washing
B) quarantining
C) vaccinations
D) all of the above

Question 8

The World Health Organization defines mental health promotion activities as those designed to:

A) decrease the risk of mental illness
B) increase fitness, energy and strength
C) increase inner strength and ability to meet life's challenges
D) increase well being and resilience

Question 9

Prevention programs were first established to:

A) prevent physical health problems
B) prevent psychological health problems
C) both of the above
D) neither of the above

Question 10

Community psychology refers to:

A) setting up events in the community for people to learn more about psychology
B) the reciprocal relations between individuals and the community in which they live
C) a community of clinical psychologists who share practice techniques and tribulations
D) the mental health benefits of volunteering in one's community

Question 11

Secondary intervention is designed to:

A) prevent the occurrence of the disorder
B) treat the disorder
C) rehabilitate the disorder
D) adapt to the disorder

Question 12

One example of a selective preventive intervention is:

A) washing your hands after sneezing
B) advertisements aimed at reducing cigarette smoking
C) requiring people to wear masks when entering a hospital during an outbreak of a contagious disorder
D) quarantining individuals who have contact with someone who has a contagious disorder

Question 13

Primary intervention is designed to:

A) prevent the occurrence of the disorder
B) treat the disorder
C) rehabilitate the disorder
D) adapt to the disorder

Question 14

An example of a health promotion technique includes:

A) developing good nutrition
B) exercising regularly
C) sleeping adequately
D) all of the above

Question 15

One major burden that mental disorders have on the United States and globally is:

A) $700 Billion US annual cost
B) $2.5 trillion globally
C) increased risk of physical illness in its citizens
D) All of the above

Question 16

An example of tertiary interventions is:

A) treat the disorder
B) rehabilitate the disorder
C) adapt to the disorder
D) both b & c

Question 17

Traditionally clinical psychologists have been most concerned with which level of intervention?

A) primary intervention
B) secondary intervention
C) tertiary intervention
D) all of the above

Question 18

One example of a indicated preventive intervention is:

A) washing your hands after sneezing
B) advertisements aimed at reducing cigarette smoking
C) requiring people to wear masks when entering a hospital during an outbreak of a contagious disorder
D) quarantining individuals who have contact with someone who has a contagious disorder

Question 19

Prevention programs in psychology are necessary:

A) as the main sustainable way to reduce the burden of mental illness
B) to maintain funding for mental health programs
C) to determine what programs are efficacious
D) all of the above

Question 20

The main problem with the vaccination program for preventing virulent diseases is:

A) they are not a cost-effective way to prevent disease
B) world-wide they are under-used
C) they are generally ineffective
D) they are not acceptable for use in children

Question 21

The Fast Track Project was developed to:

A) engaging community stakeholders in the project
B) maintaining the program's fidelity while responding to local needs
C) maintaining community engagement so that the program would be sustainable
D) all of the above

Question 22

In the Coping Koala Program:

A) there were no differences between intervention and comparison groups
B) lower rates of anxiety disorder in the intervention group lasted 12 months only
C) those who received the intervention had minimally lower rates of anxiety disorder at the end of treatment than the comparison group
D) participation in the program was associated with almost a 50% reduction in the incidence of anxiety disorders at two-year follow-up

Question 23

A comprehensive school-based program to reduce bullying in children aged 6-15 years developed in Norway:

A) was designed to reduce both the opportunities and the rewards for bullying
B) encourages changes in the school and in the classroom
C) program is effective not only in reducing bullying, but in reducing antisocial behavior in general and in enhancing stu?dent satisfaction with school.
D) all of the above

Question 24

In the United States, the view regarding physical punishment of one's child is that:

A) any use of physical punishment has been banned
B) physical punishment is permitted, as long as the acts do not inflict physical harm
C) physical punishment is permitted, as long as the acts do not send the child to the hospital
D) physical punishment is permitted, only if the parent has a good reason for resorting to being physical

Question 25

School-based intervention programs directly targeting aggression and violence have shown to:

A) be extremely effective
B) enhance awareness or engagement of socially appropriate or desirable responses, but don't necessarily decrease violent or aggressive behavior
C) decrease violent or aggressive behavior, but don't necessarily improve awareness or engagement of socially appropriate or desirable responses
D) None of the above

Question 26

Because of its difficulty in treating it once it has developed, ____________ disorder is an example of the importance of prevention

A) depressive
B) bipolar
C) conduct
D) anxiety

Question 27

The Incredible Years program consists of:

A) a multi-level system that provides interventions of gradually increasing intensity, according to the level of need
B) materials designed for five different developmental stages from infant to teenager
C) techniques for enhancing protective factors while decreasing risk factors for child problems
D) group discussion, videotaped modeling, and behavioral rehearsal techniques to promote adult-child interactions that will facilitate the child's development of social competence

Question 28

Risk factors for the development of psychopathology in a child or adolescent include:

A) harsh or inconsistent discipline
B) poor supervision and monitoring of a child
C) parental abuse and neglect
D) all of the above

Question 29

The Enhanced Triple P programs includes:

A) a four session program delivered by a primary health care provider to deal with mild to moderate behavior
B) a one- or two-session individualized services by phone or face to face to address parents' specific concerns
C) sessions focused on parents' mood, coping, and partner support
D) a group or self-directed format for dealing with more severe behavior problems

Question 30

The Triple P Program consists of:

A) a multi-level system that provides interventions of gradually increasing intensity, according to the level of need
B) materials designed for five different developmental stages from infant to teenager
C) techniques for enhancing protective factors while decreasing risk factors for child problems
D) all of the above

Question 31

The Incredible Years program was originally developed for:

A) children ages 3-8
B) children ages 8-12
C) children ages 13-18
D) young adults entering college

Question 32

Which of the following is the least helpful way of assessing the effects of a treatment intervention:

A) assessing whether those who received the service had a different outcome than those who did not receive the service:
B) assessing whether fewer people in the program developed a problem than those not in the program
C) determining whether or not they meet criteria for a diagnosis
D) determining whether they now score in the normal range on a particular measure

Question 33

The first step in the Universal Triple P program is to:

A) to provide evidence-based information about general parenting strategies to deal with everyday issues and challenges to all parents who are interested
B) offer one- or two-session individualized services by phone or face to face to address parents' specific concerns
C) offer a program delivered over four sessions by a primary health care provider
D) offer four session program delivered by a primary health care provider to deal with mild to moderate behavior problems

Question 34

The Coping Koala program consists of

A) 10 sessions offered to children in a group format
B) three sessions offered to parents,
C) booster sessions.
D) all of the above

Question 35

Strategies for assessing mental health prevention programs include all of the following except:

A) assessing the incidence of the disorder in a small sample of program recipients
B) targeting high-risk samples to offer the program at a high intensity
C) to rely on accumulating samples from different studies
D) assess incidence of the disorder in a very large sample of program recipients

Question 36

One of the most remarkable features of the home visit parenting program is:

A)nurses spent an average of fewer than 50 hours of direct contact with the mothers
B)beneficial effects were found primarily in families with minimal risk
C)although immediate results were not obtained, long-term results were sustained over time
D)although substance abuse and sexual promiscuity did not decrease, child neglect and abuse did decrease

Question 37

Ways to measure the success of a prevention program include:

A) examining the extent to which the incidence rate is reduced.
B) calculating the number needed to treat
C) creating meta-analytic reviews
D) all of the above

Question 38

Triple P Positive Parenting Program is an evidence-based parenting program designed to:

A) enhance knowledge, skills, and confidence of parents
B) promote safe environments for young people
C) promote children's competence through positive parenting practices
D) all of the above

Question 39

Which of the following is not true regarding secondary prevention:

A) an example could be a campaign aimed at reducing the risk of teen pregnancy by passing out condoms in high school
B) it is similar to universal prevention programs
C) it is similar to selected preventative interventions
D) it is similar to indicated preventative interventions

Question 40

The Standard Triple P programs offers:

A) evidence-based information about general parenting strategies to deal with everyday issues and challenges to all parents who are interested
B) one- or two-session individualized services by phone or face to face to address parents' specific concerns
C) a group or self-directed format for dealing with more severe behavior problems
D) four session program delivered by a primary health care provider to deal with mild to moderate behavior

Question 41

Critical incident stress debriefing was intro?duced as a ________________ to ensure that survivors and witnesses to tragedies had assistance in processing the details of the traumatic event at the time in order to avoid the dangers of a delayed stress reaction.

A) a preventive strategy
B) a therapeutic strategy
C) a research strategy
D) an epidemiological strategy

Question 42

A person who does not show an overt grief reaction:

A) may simply not need any intervention
B) is most likely in denial
C) is most likely internalizing their grief
D) is an emotional time bomb who will inevitably one day experience a delayed grief reaction

Question 43

The Friends for Children and Friends for Youth study was designed to test the feasibility of a_____________ preventative intervention program for anxiety disorder:

A) psychologist-led
B) teacher-led
C) parent-led
D) standard curriculum

Question 44

Alcohol, tobacco, and drug use during pregnancy are associated with a host of deleterious consequences such as:

A) premature delivery and low birth weight
B) perinatal mortality,
C) long-term neurological and cognitive-emotional problems
D) all of the above

Question 45

A meta-analysis that examined the effects of different types of psychological services on children exposed to traumatic events found strong evidence for:

A) high resiliency in most young children
B) the helpfulness of individual and group cognitive behavior therapy
C) the effectiveness of play therapy
D) the benefits of medications

Question 46

A large scale meta-analysis synthesizing results of 44 evaluations of a variety of school-based anti-bullying programs found:

A) these programs to not be effective
B) an increase in bullying and victimization to occur
C) a decrease in bullying and victimization to occur
D) a short term decrease in bullying followed by a longer term increase

Question 47

A meta-analysis of bereavement interventions with children found :

A) they are highly effective for children under 5
B) they are most effective for children ages 5-10
C) they are most effective for adolescents and teenagers
D) there is no evidence that they generate positive outcomes

Question 48

Which of the following is not highly correlated with adolescent smoking:

A) alcohol abuse
B) antisocial behavior
C) high-risk sexual behaviors,
D) None of the above

Question 49

Meta-analyses have shown that organizations have not appropriately considered ___________in choosing prevention programs.

A) the results of the scientific literature
B) programs which are most cost-effective
C) programs that have been shown to be effective interventions
D) all of the above

Question 50

Critical incident stress debriefing has been shown to be:

A) highly effective in the recovery processes
B) useful to most in enhancing the recovery process
C) the best way to treat those affected by tragedy
D) sometimes harmful, as it may impede natural recovery processes

Question 51

A meta-analysis on depression prevention found:

A) these programs to not be effective
B) a surprising increase in depression to occur
C) a decrease in depression to occur
D) a decrease but an increase in anxiety

Question 52

At-risk groups which are recommended to be targets of selective and indicated intervention programs for preventing depression include all of the following except:

A) female adolescents
B) male teenagers
C) offspring of depressed parents
D) those exposed to family-related stress such as divorce or bereavement