Deck 3: Classification and Diagnosis

Question 1

A diagnosis of a mental health disorder requires which of the following in the DSM 5?

A) Co-occurrence of symptoms
B) Causing dysfunction that causes harm
C) Causes impairment
D) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

What best describes an externalizing action?

A) Sadness
B) Hitting
C) Worry
D) Distressed

Answer 2

Hitting

Question 3

A new client comes in who is concerned because she sometimes feels sad about the recent death of her mother, which of the following best describes what you would say to her?

A) What you are experiencing is normal and I would recommend further assessment and long-term treatment.
B) What you are experiencing is abnormal and you may be developing a clinical disorder.
C) What you are experiencing is abnormal and I would recommend further assessment and treatment.
D) What you are experiencing is normal and at this point I would not recommend treatment.

Answer 3

What you are experiencing is normal and at this point I would not recommend treatment.

Question 4

What does dyscontrol mean?

A) The impairment is seen as deviating from social norms in a bad way
B) The impairment is seen as causing harm
C) The impairment is involuntary or not readily controlled
D) The impairment is seen as a behavioral disorder

Question 5

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Survey Consortium (2004) which mental disorder was the most common?

A) Schizophrenia
B) Anxiety
C) Mood
D) Substance Abuse

Question 6

Which of the following statements on the diagnosis of depression is true?

A) Symptoms of depression look the same in all age ranges.
B) Behavioral models developed on adults have made it possible to detect depression in children.
C) Sadness in children and adults is expressed the same way.
D) None of the above

Question 7

You are a psychologist Mark tells you about his friend who is a Genie that has promised to take him on a magic carpet ride, what would you most likely tell Mark?

A) What you are experiencing is normal and I would recommend brief psychoeducation.
B) It is clear without asking any further questions that what you are experiencing is abnormal and you may be developing a clinical disorder.
C) What you are experiencing is abnormal and I would recommend taking an antipsychotic medication.
D) What you are experiencing could be normal, although sounds uncommon, but I will have to ask you more questions to find out more about the context.

Question 8

Which of the following BEST describes a categorical approach?

A) An individual's symptoms can be classified in a way to generate a diagnosis of depression.
B) An individual can be classified as either depressed or not depressed.
C) An individual can be classified on a continuum ranging from very depressed to not depressed.
D) An individual can be classified as depressed even though they may not have exactly the same symptoms.

Question 9

What are the advantages to having a diagnostic system?

A) Concise description
B) Guidance for treatment
C) Indicate future developments of disorder
D) All of the above

Question 10

Developmental psychopathology is relevant for all of the following stages EXCEPT:

A) Infancy
B) Retirement
C) Childhood
D) None of the above - all are related to developmental psychopathology

Question 11

Mental health diagnosis is based on which of the following?

A) A single symptom that occurs
B) A cluster of symptoms that co-occur
C) A parent's judgment on what abnormal behaviors they have observed
D) An individual's judgment on what abnormal behaviors they have experienced

Question 12

According to the Wittchen et al. review (2011) of the literature about what percent each year of the European population suffers from a mental disorder (including neurological disorders) ?

A) 38%
B) 15%
C) 61%
D) 1%

Question 13

A Turner and Lloyd (2004) study linked what with the development of a mental disorder?

A) Socio-Economic
B) Genetics
C) Social
D) Stress

Question 14

What type of classification approach did Thomas Achenbach use when using factor analysis to identify the symptoms that tend to co-occur within the realm of child psychopathology?

A) Categorical
B) Diagnostic
C) Dimensional
D) Prototype

Question 15

Mental disorders being defined as a harmful dysfunction was proposed by the following:

A) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, first addition.
B) Wakefield
C) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth addition.
D) American Psychiatric Association

Question 16

What is the BEST definition of validity?

A) The most useful way to classify an object.
B) The most effective way to classify an object.
C) The most inventive way to classify an object.
D) The most scientific way to classify an object.

Question 17

Which addition did Widiger suggest be added to the definition of a mental disorder?

A) Dyscontrol
B) Harmful
C) Dysfunctional
D) Pathology

Question 18

Galea, Brewin, Gruber, Jones, King, King, et al. (2007) found which of the following disorders after interviewing residents of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina?

A) Mood
B) Anxiety
C) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
D) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a dimensional approach?

A) An individual's symptoms can be classified in a way to generate a diagnosis of depression.
B) An individual can be classified as either depressed or not depressed.
C) An individual can be classified on a continuum ranging from very depressed to not depressed.
D) An individual can be classified as depressed even though they may not have exactly the same symptoms.

Question 20

What best describes an internalizing action?

A) Shouting
B) Fighting
C) Arguing
D) Withdrawing

Question 21

Which of the following is not one of the diagnostic classes in the DSM 5?

A) Psychoanalytic Disorders
B) Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
C) Anxiety Disorders
D) Trauma and Stressor-related Disorders

Question 22

The second edition DSM strongly emphasized which of the following?

A) Psychodynamic orientation
B) Precision in terminology
C) Atheoretical development
D) Improvement of assessment

Question 23

Which of the following statements are NOT true?

A) A child diagnosed with more than one disorder at a given time are more severely impaired than children with only one disorder.
B) A person diagnosed with a panic disorder can also be diagnosed with a mood disorder.
C) A child cannot be diagnosed with more than one disorder at a given time.
D) A person diagnosed with bulimia nervosa cannot have symptoms that only appear with Anorexia Nervosa.

Question 24

Which of the following is used to classify mental health disorders?

A) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
B) Achenbach Symptom of Empirically Based Assessment
C) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
D) All of the above

Question 25

What is one diagnosis with questionable validity?

A) Down's syndrome
B) Huntington's disease
C) Acute stress disorder
D) None of the above

Question 26

What is one feature of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment?

A) Assessment tools to measure competence across a lifespan.
B) Assessment tools to measure competence of children.
C) Assessment tools to measure competence of adults.
D) Assessment tools given to caregivers of children.

Question 27

Which of the following BEST describes comorbidity?

A) When a person fits all criteria for a diagnosis at a specific point in time.
B) When a person receives diagnoses for two or more disorders at a specific point in time.
C) When a person receives diagnoses for two or more disorders throughout there lifetime.
D) When a person fits all of the criteria for a diagnosis throughout there lifetime.

Question 28

During the time that the first edition of the DSM was published the primary form of treatment was which of the following?

A) Psychoanalysis
B) Behavioral Therapy
C) Psychopharmaceutical
D) Hysteria

Question 29

Solid normative data is important for which of the following reasons?

A) Provides information on typical distress
B) Provides information on problem behaviors
C) Provides information on various age groups
D) All of the above

Question 30

Kessler et al. (2003) found which of the following relationships when examining epidemiological data?

A) A linear relation between class of disorders and problems with psychosocial functioning.
B) A linear relation between disorder severity and problems with psychosocial functioning.
C) A linear relation between severity of mood disorder and psychosocial functioning.
D) None of the above.

Question 31

Robert Spitzer, the psychiatrist who chaired the DSM-III task force was a vocal critic of the DSM-5. What did he criticize the DSM 5 about?

A) A greater need for the incorporation of psychoanalytic theory
B) Lack of reliability in the diagnoses
C) A need for psychiatrists to be the only doctors to diagnose patients
D) All of the above

Question 32

Which of the following set the DSM 5 apart from previous editions?

A) Finalizing information and criteria for each diagnostic category
B) Obtaining feedback from multiple stakeholders
C) Field testing the diagnostic criteria
D) All of the above

Question 33

Cole et al. (2002) found which of the following stages to be the critical time period for the development of depression?

A) Infancy
B) Early Childhood
C) Early Adolescents
D) Early Adulthood

Question 34

Longitudinal studies can inform us about which of the following?

A) Critical time periods of a mental disorder
B) Development of a mental disorder
C) Maintenance of a mental disorder
D) All of the above

Question 35

One area that the DSM lacks is in its assessment of:

A) Symptoms and mental health problems.
B) Depression and anxiety disorders
C) Personality disorders.
D) Resilience.

Question 36

Does the DSM 5 include a multiaxial classification approach?

A) Yes
B) No

Question 37

Which of the following occurs more often among individuals with comorbid disorders?

A) Chronic history of mental health
B) Higher rate of physical health problems
C) Higher need for health care services
D) All of the above

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the DSM?

A) Inconsistent exceptions due to accepted culturally sanctioned responses
B) Based on categories and not dimensions
C) Polythetic
D) None of the above - all are limitations

Question 39

The main distinction between the DSM 5 and previous versions is that it is based on a dimensional modell

Question 40

All of the following are new to the DSM 5 except:

A) Reliance on a multiaxial model
B) Asperger's dropped as a diagnosis
C) Trauma related disorders now its own category
D) Personality disorders are no longer on their own 'axis'

Question 41

Bonanno and colleagues have shown in a series of studies that when people experience extreme circumstances (like trauma), most people:

A) Develop Acute Stress Disorder but not PTSD.
B) Develop Acute Stress Disorder or PTSD
C) Suppress the initial reaction, but later develop PTSD
D) Experience only mild distress or symptoms but then recover within weeks or days