Deck 9: Managing Diversity and Inclusion

Question 1

Cohesiveness is very high in the case of a diversified workforce.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In today's service and technology economy, more positions require physical strength, stamina, and skill in a trade, rather than college and professional degrees.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A diverse workforce inhibits organizational flexibility because an organization's culture cannot tolerate different styles and approaches.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Hostile environment occurs only when submission to or rejection of sexual conduct is used as a basis for employment decisions.

Question 5

Pluralistic organizations have a diverse employee population and take steps to involve persons from different gender, racial, or cultural backgrounds.

Question 6

The traditional American image of diversity has been one of assimilation.

Question 7

A glass ceiling makes it easier for women and minorities to get top jobs.

Question 8

Stereotypes can cost the organization dearly by stifling employees' ambition so that they don't fully contribute.

Question 9

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), defines a disability as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.

Question 10

Frequently, employers have found that disabled employees tend to be more dependable than other employees, miss fewer days of work and exhibit lower turnover.

Question 11

A multicultural workforce can provide a company with greater knowledge of the preferences and habits in a diverse marketplace.

Question 12

The first affirmative action programs were initiated to correct the past exclusion of women and minorities from the business world.

Question 13

A diverse workforce is more likely to succumb to "groupthink."

Question 14

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects women against sexual harassment but not men.

Question 15

The "hostile work environment" standard does not apply to non-gender-related cases.

Question 16

Diversity today excludes differences in economic class.

Question 17

Diversity today refers to far more than skin color and gender.

Question 18

Even when managers do not themselves engage in harassment, if they fail to prevent it or to take appropriate action after receiving legitimate complaints about it, they can still be held liable, along with their companies, if a lawsuit is filed.

Question 19

Monolithic organizations have a highly diverse employee population and take steps to involve persons from different cultural backgrounds.

Question 20

Companies with a reputation for providing opportunities for diverse employees will have a competitive advantage in the labor market.

Question 21

Cross-cultural management extends beyond U.S. employees going abroad.

Question 22

Submission to or rejection of sexual conduct that is used as a basis for employment decisions is referred to as:

A) social loafing.
B) performance reciprocity.
C) quid pro quo harassment.
D) whistleblowing.
E) sugging.

Question 23

The term used to refer to all kinds of differences including religious affiliation, age, disability status, economic class, and lifestyle in addition to gender, race, ethnicity and nationality is:

A) diversity.
B) dimensions.
C) sifting.
D) whistleblowing.
E) social loafing.

Question 24

Employers who have adopted onsite child care report decreased turnover, decreased absenteeism, and improved morale.

Question 25

An invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy is referred to as:

A) whistleblowing.
B) glass ceiling.
C) sugging.
D) job sealing.
E) Gini Index.

Question 26

_____ occurs when unwelcome sexual conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance.

A) Social loafing
B) Sugging
C) Hostile environment
D) Free riding
E) Nepotism

Question 27

Grace was refused a job, in spite of the fact that she had all the required qualifications. The reason for this rejection was that she reacted negatively to an illicit comment on her dressing made by her interviewer. Based on the given information, it would be most accurate to say that Grace is a victim of:

A) sexual harassment.
B) nepotism.
C) social loafing.
D) whistleblowing.
E) sugging.

Question 28

In moving from domestic to international management, managers need to develop a wide portfolio of behaviors and the capacity to adjust their behavior for a particular situation.

Question 29

Cultural shock is an example of an executive coping strategy for international assignments.

Question 30

In Portland, Oregon, about one-fifth of the city's population consisted of various ethnic minorities, but only 12 percent of new construction employees were minorities. The city government responded to this issue by increasing minority group members' participation in public contracts. This special program taken up by the government authorities is an example of:

A) affirmative action.
B) glass ceiling.
C) nepotism.
D) recession.
E) sugging.

Question 31

Family issues is a reason that human resource managers cite for failure among expatriates.

Question 32

To correct the past exclusion of women and minorities, companies introduced _____ -special efforts to recruit and hire qualified members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.

A) whistleblowing
B) affirmative action
C) heckling
D) grapevine communication
E) sugging

Question 33

The entire process of understanding and appreciating employee differences to build a more effective and profitable organization is known as:

A) minority recruiting.
B) managing diversity.
C) ethnicity selection.
D) sugging.
E) heckling.

Question 34

Parent-company nationals who are sent to work at a foreign subsidiary are known as expatriates.

Question 35

Daphnie has recently been denied a promotion. This is the third time she was turned down for promotion despite excellent performance reviews. Her manager assures her that she was qualified for the promotion but "that's just the way things go." After this last disappointment, Daphnie took a good hard look at her company. She found that only two women candidates have been promoted to upper management positions, in the company's entire history. Which of the following factors is most likely obstructing Daphnie's career growth?

A) A diversity-oriented employer
B) A lack of communication skills
C) Glass ceiling effect
D) Whistleblowing activities
E) Implementation of affirmative actions

Question 36

Managing diversity typically involves such basic activities as:

A) sugging.
B) heckling.
C) social loafing.
D) recruiting individuals with different backgrounds.
E) excluding minorities from the workforce.

Question 37

Skill building involves teaching effective interpersonal skills to all employees.

Question 38

According to Geert Hofstede's model, the U.S. is characterized by large power distance, collectivist culture.

Question 39

In multicultural organizations, diversity not only exists but is valued.

Question 40

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to judge others by the standards of one's group or culture.

Question 41

Behaviors that cause hostile environment in an organization typically includes:

A) pervasive displays of pornography.
B) engaging in free riding.
C) participating in social loafing.
D) minimizing of the glass ceiling effect.
E) taking affirmative action.

Question 42

According to the ADA, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities is referred to as a:

A) physical defect.
B) personality disorder.
C) corporeal impairment.
D) disability.
E) physical deficiency.

Question 43

When mistrust, miscommunication, stress, and attitudinal differences reduce cohesiveness, it is most likely that:

A) instances of groupthink increases.
B) productivity declines.
C) glass ceiling effect decreases.
D) homogeneity of teams increases.
E) instances of stereotyping decreases.

Question 44

Which of the following is most likely to help employers in preventing an exodus of talent, and retaining skilled and knowledgeable older workers?

A) An emphasis on physical effort
B) Phased retirement programs
C) Enhanced severance packages
D) Limiting the availability of paid sabbaticals
E) Limiting training for older employees

Question 45

In the context of the U.S labor force, which of the following is true?

A) It will expand rapidly.
B) It will expand moderately.
C) It will hold steady.
D) It will not change.
E) It will see a slowdown in growth.

Question 46

Which of the following is considered a disability under ADA?

A) Chicken pox
B) Migraine
C) Alcoholism
D) Sinus infection
E) Influenza

Question 47

A study by the Department of Labor's Glass Ceiling Institute showed that the stock performance of firms that were high performers on diversity-related goals were _____ that of other firms.

A) over twice as high as
B) actually lower than
C) no higher than
D) approximately seven times higher than
E) over twenty times lower than

Question 48

Anna was offered a promotion in exchange for a date with her supervisor. She was upset, since she had no interest in dating him, yet she really wanted the promotion and so she agreed. This is an example of:

A) social loafing.
B) performance reciprocity.
C) quid pro quo harassment.
D) whistleblowing.
E) sugging.

Question 49

Less restrictive policies and procedures and less standardized operating methods:

A) increase organizational flexibility.
B) make it difficult for organizations to respond quickly to environmental changes.
C) increase span of control in an organization.
D) eliminate the possibility of grapevine communication in an organization.
E) increase the risk of glass ceiling effect.

Question 50

Which of the following is an advantage of managing a diverse workforce?

A) Restrictive policies and procedures
B) Greater chances of groupthink
C) Ability to leverage creativity and innovation in problem solving
D) Ability to efficiently reap the benefits of the glass ceiling effect
E) Increased cohesiveness

Question 51

Future trends in the labor force include a(n):

A) smaller labor force.
B) inexperienced labor force.
C) more homogenous labor force.
D) younger labor force.
E) bigger labor force.

Question 52

Work team diversity promotes creativity and innovation because people with different backgrounds:

A) value the benefits of sugging.
B) are good at reaping the benefits of free riding.
C) hold different perspectives on issues.
D) are more homogeneous.
E) facilitate the occurrence of groupthink.

Question 53

Companies with a reputation for providing opportunities for diverse employees are most likely to:

A) have a disadvantage in the labor market.
B) have a homogenous workforce.
C) take greater time in responding to environmental changes.
D) attract and retain motivated employees.
E) facilitate groupthink among its employees.

Question 54

_____ form the largest unemployed minority population in the United States.

A) People with disabilities
B) Physically unattractive people
C) Asians
D) Catholics
E) Married people

Question 55

Which of the following is one of the disadvantages commonly associated with a diversified workforce?

A) Lower organizational flexibility
B) Practice of groupthink
C) Increased communication problems
D) Enhanced cohesiveness
E) A lesser degree of stereotyping

Question 56

Which of the following is the main reason behind the projected slowdown in the pace of growth of the labor force in the U.S. and other developed countries?

A) Lower birth rates
B) Lower mortality rates
C) Emergence of the baby boom generation
D) Increasing diversity in the workforce
E) Undertaking of affirmative action

Question 57

In the context of sexual harassment laws in the U.S., which of the following is true?

A) Cases of quid pro quo harassment violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but instances of hostile environment does not.
B) Women are protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 but not men.
C) Men are protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 but not women.
D) "Hostile work environment" standard applies to same-sex harassment, as well as to non-gender-related cases.
E) Cases of hostile environment violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 but cases of quid pro quo harassment does not.

Question 58

According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, a disability is strictly defined as:

A) a physical impairment that precludes someone from working.
B) a disabling condition that interferes with work life.
C) a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity.
D) any loss of limb or of one of the major senses of hearing, sight, touch, taste, and smell.
E) contraction of a disease that is contagious or epidemic.

Question 59

When employees believe that their differences are not merely tolerated but valued, they are likely to:

A) succumb to groupthink.
B) practice free riding.
C) become more loyal.
D) become more rigid.
E) become less productive.

Question 60

Allowing older employees to work fewer hours per week as a strategy to attract and retain these experienced people is known as:

A) work release.
B) partial retirement.
C) phased retirement.
D) sugging.
E) voluntary retirement.

Question 61

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of pluralistic organizations?

A) Absence of affirmative action
B) High prevalence of discrimination and prejudice
C) Full integration of minority group members
D) Relatively diverse employee population
E) Presence of minorities at all levels

Question 62

In monolithic organizations:

A) minorities are employed at all job levels.
B) minority members identify strongly with the company.
C) minority members must adopt the norms of the majority to survive.
D) cultural integration is very high.
E) discrimination and prejudice are almost non-existent.

Question 63

Integrating diversity into a corporate mission statement, providing adequate funding toward diversity efforts, and establishing corporate positions responsible for the management of diversity programs are all efforts that demonstrate:

A) top management's commitment toward managing diversity.
B) top management's attempt to build a monolithic organization.
C) top management's commitment toward building a highly homogeneous organization.
D) top management's failure to address the cultural aspects of integration.
E) top management's failure to lower the conflict among groups.

Question 64

Christine has recently hired a new employee of Indian descent. Christine assigned her new employee, Sanjay, to the accounting department because the department needs to work more quickly and accurately and Christine assumed that the new employee could provide the needed energy. Unfortunately, the other workers seem to resent Sanjay's presence because he was from a different country. They have further excluded him from the work group. This has made Sanjay's work more difficult since he is not really given the "inside" information needed to do his work efficiently. Which of the challenges of a diversified workforce appears to be operating most prominently in this scenario?

A) Gender issues
B) Groupthink
C) Lower cohesiveness
D) Greater flexibility
E) Free riding

Question 65

Which of the following is the first step to be taken in the process of cultivating a diverse workforce?

A) Gaining the support of top management regarding diversity
B) Supplying diversity data to government agencies
C) Conducting an organizational assessment
D) Accommodating work and family needs
E) Providing awareness training to the human resources department

Question 66

The difference between monolithic organizations and pluralistic organizations is that:

A) monolithic organizations have much more integration.
B) pluralistic organizations do not use an affirmative action approach.
C) pluralistic organizations are marked by an absence of discrimination and prejudice.
D) pluralistic organizations have a more diverse employee population.
E) in monolithic organizations, the conflict among groups is higher.

Question 67

A monolithic organization is _____ in terms of its employee population.

A) highly homogeneous
B) slightly homogeneous
C) slightly heterogeneous
D) highly integrated
E) highly diverse

Question 68

Which of the following is one of the goals of diversity training?

A) Maintaining a homogenous team
B) Identifying and reducing hidden biases toward minority groups
C) Increasing instances of groupthink
D) Decreasing cultural integration
E) Encouraging minority group members to adopt the norms of the majority

Question 69

A pluralistic organization is best defined as an organization:

A) that has a relatively diverse employee population.
B) with a homogeneous employee population.
C) that fully integrates minority group members both formally and informally.
D) that has no cultural integration.
E) that has lower levels of group conflicts.

Question 70

Which of the following is true of pluralistic organizations?

A) These organizations use an affirmative action approach.
B) The employee population in these organizations is completely homogenous.
C) These organizations typically have much lesser integration than monolithic organizations.
D) These organizations typically have much higher integration than multicultural organizations.
E) Conflict among groups is non-existent in these organizations.

Question 71

In monolithic organizations, conflicts among groups is seen to be low. Which of the following is most likely to be the reason behind this low rate of conflict?

A) In monolithic organizations, minorities are employed at all job levels.
B) In monolithic organizations, minority group members are forced to adopt the norms of the majority to survive.
C) In monolithic organizations, minority members are valued more by the company.
D) In monolithic organizations, the level of cultural integration is very high.
E) In monolithic organizations, the minority group members identify strongly with the company.

Question 72

A multicultural organization is best defined as an organization:

A) in which diversity not only exists but is valued.
B) with a homogeneous employee population.
C) that is marked by a presence of prejudice and discrimination.
D) that has no cultural integration.
E) that is marked by very high levels of group conflicts.

Question 73

Which of the following organizations places the greatest value on cultural diversity and addresses the cultural aspects of integration?

A) Monolithic
B) Multicultural
C) Homogenous
D) Pluralistic
E) Mono dimensional

Question 74

The difference between pluralistic organizations and multicultural organizations is that:

A) pluralistic organizations have much more integration.
B) multicultural organizations do not use an affirmative action approach.
C) pluralistic organizations are marked by an absence of discrimination and prejudice.
D) pluralistic organizations fail to address the cultural aspects of integration.
E) pluralistic organizations are marked by low levels of intergroup conflict.

Question 75

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of multicultural organizations?

A) They do not employ people from minority groups.
B) They are marked by an absence of prejudice and discrimination.
C) Minority group members tend to be clustered only at certain levels.
D) Managers in such organizations focus primarily on employees' visible differences.
E) These organizations are marked by high levels of intergroup conflict.

Question 76

An organization that has the least structural integration of diverse workers:

A) is a monolithic organization.
B) is a multicultural organization.
C) employs maximum number of people from minorities and other groups that differ from the majority population.
D) is a pluralistic organization.
E) is most likely to take affirmative actions.

Question 77

Typically, diversity training has two components:

A) skill building and skill training.
B) skill training and skills assessment.
C) skills assessment and awareness training.
D) awareness building and skill building.
E) skill training and diversity assessment.

Question 78

The most common negative effect of diversity, contributing to inaccuracy and inefficiency, is:

A) groupthink.
B) communication problem.
C) sugging problem.
D) whistleblowing issue.
E) decreased organizational flexibility.

Question 79

The difference between monolithic organizations and multicultural organizations is that:

A) monolithic organizations have much more integration.
B) multicultural organizations do not use an affirmative action approach.
C) monolithic organizations are marked by an absence of discrimination and prejudice.
D) multicultural organizations place greater value on diversity.
E) multicultural organizations are marked by low levels of intergroup conflict.

Question 80

Nancy was recently passed up for promotion. She was told that management was looking for someone who was more aggressive to fill the position. Nancy's coworkers were surprised because she has a reputation for "getting things done." Nancy later overheard one of the managers saying that he did not believe she was committed to her career since "she was a typical woman." This instance exemplifies the problem of _____ associated with a diverse workforce.

A) stereotyping
B) groupthink
C) affirmative action
D) free riding
E) sugging