Deck 3: Evidence-Based Practice

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a government-funded project created to examine nursing-sensitive client results?

A) Evidence-Based Nursing Study
B) Ontario Nursing Task Force
C) Nursing and Health Outcomes Project
D) Best Nursing Practice Project

Answer 1

Nursing and Health Outcomes Project

Question 2

What is the purpose of the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (CHSRF)?

A) to promote the development of evidence-based care
B) to bridge the gap between research and health care management and policy
C) to conduct primary research and to provide funding for research
D) solely to provide funding for research

Answer 2

to bridge the gap between research and health care management and policy

Question 3

Which one of the following statements defines the term meta-analysis?

A) a statistical technique to compare results of different studies
B) an evaluation of a large number of similar studies
C) an overview of related research studies
D) a statistical technique for pooling results of multiple studies measuring the same outcome

Answer 3

a statistical technique for pooling results of multiple studies measuring the same outcome

Question 4

Which of these statements best describes probability?

A) the proportion of people in a population affected with a particular disease at a specified time
B) the number of new cases of a disease occurring at a specified period of time
C) the likelihood of a condition being present or that it will occur
D) the proportion of people who have probably been exposed to a disease

Question 5

What does the term EPC stand for in relation to health care research?

A) evidence-based practical care
B) evidence-based practice and collaboration
C) evidence-based practice centres
D) evidence-based consultations

Question 6

At which university's school of medicine was the term evidence-based medicine first coined?

A) Johns Hopkins University
B) University of Toronto
C) McMaster University
D) Oxford University

Question 7

Which of the following statements best describes qualitative research?

A) studies that need scientific investigation to identify needed improvement
B) investigation of data to test well-specified hypotheses
C) studies that allow the researcher to manipulate the variables in the study
D) investigation of phenomena and the collection of rich narrative material

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an evidence-based nursing program or initiative in Canada?

A) Joanna Briggs Institute for Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery
B) Sara Cole Hirsh Institute for Best Nursing Practices Based on Evidence
C) Nursing Health Services Research Unit
D) The University of York Centre for Evidence Based Nursing

Question 9

Some concerns about evidence-based practice expressed by nurses and other health professionals include which of the following statements?

A) Evidence-based practice requires additional education.
B) Evidence-based practice requires additional time and resources.
C) Evidence-based practice is difficult to implement.
D) Evidence-based practice ignores client preferences and values.

Question 10

Which of the following is the long form of the acronym KTE?

A) Knowledge Transfer and Exchange
B) Knowledge Terms and Education
C) Knowledge Technology and Education
D) Knowledge Transfer and Effect

Question 11

Which of the following information sources provides nurses with up-to-the-moment clinical information that warrants immediate attention?

A) Evidence-Based Nursing
B) Clinical Nursing Research
C) Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership
D) Worldwide Nursing

Question 12

Which of the following best describes what an independent variable is?

A) a characteristic or attribute of a person or object that varies
B) believed to cause or influence the dependent variable
C) manipulated in experiments or studies
D) also called a dependent variable

Question 13

What is the purpose of the Canadian Nursing Research Chairs established across Canada?

A) to promote evidence-based practice and the nursing profession
B) to promote the nursing profession only
C) to fund nursing research and promote the nursing profession
D) to examine nursing practices and resources, and to develop knowledge transfer strategies

Question 14

Which of the following statements defines incidence?

A) the proportion of people in a population affected with a particular disease at a specified time
B) the number of new cases of a disease occurring during a specified period of time
C) the likelihood of a condition being present or that it will occur
D) a link among similar findings in a community

Question 15

Which of these statements best describes prevalence?

A) the proportion of people in a population affected with a particular disease at a specified time
B) the number of new cases of a disease occurring at a specified period of time
C) the likelihood of a condition being present or that it will occur
D) a situation that has gotten out of control

Question 16

Which one of the following observations about the actual implementation of evidence-based practice is often true in practice?

A) A large portion of clinical practice in medicine is not supported by research.
B) Most clinical practice is evidence-based.
C) Research evidence has replaced traditional practices in health care.
D) A large portion of nursing practice is not supported by research.

Question 17

Which one of these factors does evidence-based medicine and practice integrate with the best external evidence and individual clinical expertise?

A) RTC
B) current practice
C) client choice
D) physician preference

Question 18

What is the term for the systematic review of international medical research literature that was started by a British epidemiologist?

A) the McMaster Library
B) the Cochrane Database
C) Online Journal of Knowledge Synthesis
D) the Cochrane Library

Question 19

What of these statements describes quantitative research?

A) studies that need scientific investigation to identify needed improvement
B) investigation of data to test well-specified hypotheses
C) studies that allow the researcher to manipulate the variables in the study
D) investigation of phenomena and the collection of rich narrative material

Question 20

Which term refers to research that is methodologically sound based on a range of clinically relevant elements related to safety and effective nursing interventions for the best client outcome or experience.

A) best clinical expertise evidence
B) best research evidence
C) best evidence-based research
D) best clinical interventions data

Question 21

John is looking at the findings and notices that the study cites the incidence and prevalence of infection in an Emergency Department. The nurse demonstrates his knowledge of this terminology when he states to his peer:

A) incidence describes the percentage of new cases, and prevalence looks at the proportion of people who have it in the population.
B) prevalence describes the proportion of people who have new cases of infection, and incidence looks at the proportion of people who have it in the general population.
C) incidence and prevalence of infection mean that the infection is worsening in the population.
D) incidence and prevalence of infection mean the same thing.

Question 22

John, an Emergency Room nurse, is interested in implementing evidence-based practice into his workplace. John knows there is a process that he must follow. The nurse demonstrates his knowledge of the evidence-based practice process when he states to his manager:

A) "I have to search the literature first, and then find my clinical question."
B) "I have to define my clinical question first and then search the literature."
C) "I have to find information about how to solve my problem first."
D) "I have to evaluate the literature first before I do anything."

Question 23

From the list below, which two terms does the term evidence-based practice encompass?

A) evidence-based medicine and the clinical setting
B) evidence-based medicine and evidence-based care
C) evidence-based guidelines and care plans
D) research utilization and practice guidelines

Question 24

When researching a focused clinical question, what type of source would provide an appraisal of comprehensive current evidence?

A) a synthesis
B) a systematic review
C) a database
D) a narrative review
Indicate one or more answer choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

Question 25

Summarize five (5) important steps a nurse should follow when involved in the process of evidence-based practice.

Question 26

Trace the history of the evidence-based practice movement as it evolved from evidence-based medicine to evidence-based care.

Question 27

Despite the importance of evidence-based medicine, many physicians have been concerned that it may devalue which of the following factors?

A) individual preference
B) clinical expertise
C) continuing education
D) the art of clinical medicine

Question 28

Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative research.

Question 29

Which type of evidence is used by nursing administrators to assist in their decision-making?

A) quasi-experimental studies evidence
B) organizational evidence
C) political evidence
D) qualitative research evidence

Question 30

When searching the literature, John finds that it is important to have an understanding of research terminology. The first study involved six (6) participants who participated in one-on-one interviews. The data collected from the interviews is very important to John because it describes in detail the feelings of the participants, which gives John a better understanding of the issue he is researching. The nurse demonstrates his knowledge of descriptive research and research terminology when he states to his manager:

A) "I am presently reviewing a qualitative study."
B) "I am presently reviewing a quantitative study."
C) "I am reviewing the findings of small control group."
D) "I am enjoying reading the findings."