Deck 16: Activities of Daily Living

Question 1

Guy is unable to feed himself with a spoon. The therapist provides him a built-up handled spoon and allows him to scoop the food; then the therapist physically guides the spoon to his mouth. What type of intervention is this called?

A) Partial participation
B) Personal assistance
C) Positioning
D) Compensation

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Melissa, a 15-year-old child with a brain injury and cortical blindness, is working with occupational therapy for establishing a morning routine at the rehabilitation center. She is able to wash her face, brush her teeth, and dress with supervision. Today a nursing staff member told the occupational therapist, "I gave Melissa her breakfast, but when returning to the room, she could do none of the morning routine. I used the verbal cues from the chart in her room, and nothing worked." Hypothesize what cues you may give the nursing staff to help improve Melissa's performance.

A) Place visual cues on her morning schedule.
B) Suggest that Melissa do her morning routine first, then eat.
C) Use hand-over-hand (HOH) cues with verbal cues.
D) Use backward chaining so Melissa will feel success in completing her morning routine.

Answer 2

Suggest that Melissa do her morning routine first, then eat.

Question 3

Kylie's mother remembers that she has gym on Tuesdays and is careful to dress her in clothes that Kylie can take off and put on easily to prevent embarrassment and allow her to participate in school activities. Which term describes this process?

A) Retrospective task analysis
B) Common sense
C) Parenting
D) Anticipatory problem solving

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Raj has a right hemiplegia and is unable to use his arm actively. He gets extremely frustrated while trying to button his buttons on his ninth-grade band uniform. What adaptations would be appropriate for Raj?

A) Wear a pullover top instead of a top with buttons.
B) Ask a peer to button the buttons for him.
C) Use hook-and-loop tape under the buttons.
D) B and C

Question 5

When establishing menstrual-care skills with young adolescent girls with intellectual limitations, all of the listed techniques are acceptable, with the exception of which of the following?

A) Using visual stories about what happens
B) Placing sequencing cards for menstrual care in order
C) Simulating menstruation with an anatomically correct doll
D) Using repetitive practice of how to place, wear, and dispose of the sanitary pad

Question 6

Lindsey is 18 years old and is currently in the hospital for chemotherapy. Respiratory complications have left her very weak and short of breath. Being stylish has always been important to Lindsey, but since she developed fluid on the lungs, she has not cared for herself. What positions and adaptations to the physical environment will help Lindsey partially participate in grooming tasks?

A) Use a hospital bed, pillows, or both behind her back to help stabilize her position.
B) Stand at the sink, propping with hands while reaching for items at the sink.
C) Provide a bedside table or lap tray to place all grooming items in front of her.
D) A and C
E) All of the above

Question 7

For a 5-year-old, which of the following instruments is used to measure the three domains of self-care, mobility, and social function?

A) Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI)
B) School Function Assessment (SFA)
C) Hawaii Early Learning Profile (HELP)
D) Functional Independence Measure (WeeFIM)

Question 8

How would you rate Ollie's level of independence in bathing if with set up she bathes independently with verbal cuing for at least 30% of the task to wash all body parts?

A) Is independent with set up
B) Needs moderate assistance
C) Needs minimal assistance
D) Needs supervision

Question 9

Inbal is an inquisitive 2-year-old who exclaims, "Me do it." She has bilateral absence of her humerus and has a hand at the end of her left arm. She is learning to brush her own teeth. What assistive devices are appropriate for Inbal?

A) A prosthetic arm with a universal cuff to hold the toothbrush
B) A key to twist the toothpaste out of the tube
C) A long-handled, built-up toothbrush
D) A and C
E) All of the above

Question 10

After performing a task analysis while Noah uses the toilet at school, the occupational therapist notes that Noah does not know the routine for toileting and has outbursts while in the bathroom. What possible adaptation(s) may help Noah be successful?

A) Review data collected when Noah is wet or dry, and set up a schedule for when he goes to the bathroom.
B) Use a visual schedule.
C) Urge the family, caregivers, and school personnel to use the same routine with Noah across environments.
D) All of the above

Question 11

Carley is 12 years old and has had occupational therapy most of her life. With increased extensor tone, Carley has difficulty holding a utensil, accurately placing the washcloth on her face, and brushing her own teeth. Which of the following methods would be most beneficial to use with Carley?

A) Establish and restore
B) Modify or adapt
C) Prevent or promote
D) Educate her parents about new or different methods to use with Carley

Question 12

Lyle is 10 years old and has spastic diplegia with intellectual limitations. Which of the following assessments is appropriate to evaluate his dressing skills?

A) Ask Lyle to unbutton a dressing doll's buttons
B) Ask the parents to complete the Battelle Caregiver Questionnaire on Self-Care.
C) Watch Lyle take off his coat when he comes to school.
D) Use the Functional Independence Measure-II for Children (WeeFIM).

Question 13

When using a prevention/education approach, which of the following methods may be used?

A) Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP) model
B) Coaching
C) Anticipatory problem solving
D) All of the above

Question 14

Mrs. Rodriguez is extremely alarmed that the occupational therapist has spoken to her about sex education for her daughter Maria. Maria is 14 years old and in special education. Why does she need this information? Why might Mrs. Rodriquez have concerns?

A) Maria is asexual in her mind.
B) Sex education is a private, religious matter, not one to be discussed in schools.
C) Mrs. Rodriquez believes that she will always be around to protect her daughter from sexual predators.
D) Any of the above

Question 15

Noah is an active, inquisitive 4.5-year-old who has autism. The family and therapists have brainstormed a variety of ways to increase Noah's toileting skills. Currently, he has at least four accidents a day. In light of recent evidence-based practice, what is the best way to increase Noah's toileting independence?

A) Use an alarm system in his underwear to signal when he is wet.
B) Take him to the bathroom every 15 minutes.
C) Show Noah a short videotape of himself correctly urinating in the toilet.
D) Place diapers on Noah, and wait until he is ready for toilet training.

Question 16

Which sequence of skills most closely reflects the development of dressing in children?

A) Removes pull-down pants; puts on pullover shirt; zips jacket; cooperates with dressing
B) Cooperates with dressing; removes pull-down pants; puts on pullover shirt; zips jacket
C) Puts on pullover shirt; cooperates with dressing; removes pull-down pants; zips jacket
D) Cooperates with dressing; zips jacket; puts on pullover shirt; removes pull-down pants