Deck 29: The Senses

Question 1

Which of the following structures is involved in the human sense of balance?

A)the basilar membrane
B)the utricle
C)the oval window
D)the outer ear

Answer 1

B

Question 2

"Supertasters" are individuals who

A)prefer foods that are somewhat bitter,such as vegetables.
B)have fewer fungiform papillae on their tongue.
C)typically have more food dislikes.
D)tend to eat healthier and have fewer diseases.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A person who cannot focus on distant objects has

A)presbyopia.
B)an astigmatism.
C)hyperopia.
D)myopia.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the focusing of light by the eyes is true?

A)Mammals use muscles and ligaments to change the shape of the lens to focus light.
B)Squids and many fishes change the shape of the lens to focus light.
C)Mammals focus light when a rigid lens is moved back and forth.
D)Mammalian lenses thicken when focused on distant objects.

Question 5

Where does the information from the light receptors undergo its first level of neural processing?

A)in the retina
B)in the primary visual cortex
C)in the hippocampus
D)in the optic nerve

Question 6

Which of the following options correctly lists the order in which structures within the ear transfer a sound wave during hearing?

A)eardrum,hammer,anvil,stirrup,oval window,auditory canal
B)auditory canal,eardrum,stirrup,hammer,anvil,oval window
C)auditory canal,eardrum,hammer,anvil,stirrup,oval window
D)eardrum,stirrup,hammer,anvil,oval window,auditory canal

Question 7

When farsightedness develops in a person's forties,the cause may be a(n)

A)misshapen lens.
B)stiffening lens.
C)lengthening eyeball.
D)reduction in the density of rods.

Question 8

Which of the following classes of sensory receptors responds to stimuli such as touch,pressure,stretching,and sound?

A)chemoreceptors
B)electromagnetic receptors
C)thermoreceptors
D)mechanoreceptors

Question 9

Our sense of taste results from receptors organized into taste buds

A)in the upper portions of nasal passages.
B)that are also responsible for smell.
C)on the tongue.
D)with long cilia that are constantly in motion.

Question 10

Which of the following options incorrectly pairs a class of sensory receptor with one of the stimuli it detects?

A)mechanoreceptors = sound
B)electromagnetic receptors = light
C)chemoreceptors = molecular structure
D)thermoreceptors = touch

Question 11

Where is the organ of Corti?

A)in the inner ear
B)in the pinna
C)in the Eustachian tube
D)in the middle ear

Question 12

The semicircular canals

A)contain a thin basilar membrane.
B)are lined by long rows of hair cells along their entire length.
C)transmit vibrations from the oval window to the saccule.
D)are arranged in three perpendicular planes.

Question 13

The hair cells in the utricle detect

A)subsonic sound vibrations.
B)rotation of the head in an anteroposterior plane (a plane that cuts through you from front to back).
C)the position of the head with respect to gravity.
D)rotation of the head in a coronal plane (a plane that cuts through you from side to side).

Question 14

Which of the following choices lists structures involved only in the sense of hearing?

A)middle ear bones,semicircular canals,basilar membrane
B)eardrum,utricle,organ of Corti
C)oval window,basilar membrane,organ of Corti
D)oval window,cochlea,aqueous humor

Question 15

The special sensing mechanism sharks use to detect hidden prey is known as

A)electroreception.
B)magnetic resonance.
C)photoreception.
D)magentoreception.

Question 16

The nervous system determines the pitch of a tone by

A)peak amplitude of basilar membrane displacement.
B)the frequency of oval window vibration.
C)sites along the basilar membrane where vibrations are longest.
D)sites along the basilar membrane where vibrations are most vigorous.

Question 17

is the detection of a stimulus.

A)Transduction
B)Reception
C)Sensation
D)Perception

Question 18

A person who has blurred vision caused by a misshapen lens or cornea has

A)astigmatism.
B)myopia.
C)presbyopia.
D)night blindness.

Question 19

Integration of sensory stimuli occurs

A)in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
B)in highly specialized receptors such as the organ of Corti.
C)in the brain.
D)in all receptors.

Question 20

Which type of sensory receptors becomes more sensitive when damaged tissues produce prostaglandins?

A)pain receptors.
B)deep pressure receptors.
C)temperature receptors.
D)utricle hair cells.

Question 21

Which of the following statements best describes the basis of sensory adaptation?

A)A continuously stimulated sensory receptor gradually returns to its unstimulated rate of neurotransmitter release.
B)The thalamic centers that receive a prolonged stimulus gradually come to ignore it.
C)The nerve fiber synapsed with a sensory receptor gradually returns to its baseline level of firing despite continued neurotransmitter stimulation.
D)The spinal cord interneurons that receive a prolonged stimulus gradually come to ignore it.

Question 22

Which part of this figure depicting an eye is the retina?

A)part A
B)part B
C)part C
D)part D

Question 23

Which of the following statements regarding compound eyes is true?

A)Most insect compound eyes provide excellent color vision.
B)Compound eyes can perceive only visible light.
C)Compound eyes are poor motion detectors.
D)Compound eyes have one light- focusing lens.

Question 24

The olfactory receptor cells are located in the

A)saccule.
B)nasal cavity.
C)forebrain.
D)semicircular canals.

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of sensory adaptation of receptors?

A)ignoring the shoes on your feet
B)distinguishing between different colors
C)thinking about what you would do with a million dollars
D)detecting sound and light simultaneously

Question 26

The eyes of a planarian provide

A)information about light intensity and direction.
B)a two- dimensional image.
C)a higher degree of resolution than human eyes.
D)a three- dimensional image,but in black and white.

Question 27

You are driving at night and decide to pass a slow- moving car.As you look at the car as you pass,it dawns on you that although you can see the car,you can't tell what color it is.The reason is

A)the constriction of your pupil in low light situations,which reduces color vision.
B)the poor ability of rods to function in low light.
C)the poor ability of cones to function in low light.
D)a reduced ability to focus in low light situations.

Question 28

If the aqueous humor circulates but does not drain properly,the likely result will be the development of

A)hyperopia.
B)glaucoma.
C)astigmatism.
D)myopia.

Question 29

Fish that quickly and accurately sense the location of a nearby motionless fish in cloudy water are probably using

A)pain receptors.
B)chemoreceptors.
C)photoreceptors.
D)electromagnetic receptors.

Question 30

Sensory receptor cells convert a stimulus

A)into a change in membrane potential.
B)into a sensation by integrating incoming action potentials.
C)from an action potential to a synaptic potential.
D)from a physical to a chemical form.

Question 31

Visual information is carried from the retina to the brain via

A)rhodopsin.
B)the optic nerve.
C)photopsins.
D)the blind spot.

Question 32

Which of the following statements regarding rods and cones is true?

A)Rods are found at the greatest density at the fovea,the retina's center of focus.
B)Rods are more sensitive to light than cones.
C)Rods contain the visual pigment called photopsin.
D)Cones are responsible for night vision.

Question 33

You exercised to the point that you were breathing heavily.Your heavy breathing was the result of relaying information about the amount of O₂ in your blood to the medulla,which ultimately resulted in your increased rate of breathing.

A)thermoreceptors
B)electromagnetic receptors
C)chemoreceptors
D)mechanoreceptors

Question 34

Sensory transduction occurs in the

A)cerebral cortex.
B)thalamus.
C)plasma membrane of sensory cells.
D)spinal cord.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about the humors of the eye is true?

A)The humors help keep the outside of the eye moist.
B)The vitreous humor circulates.
C)The aqueous humor is jellylike.
D)The vitreous humor fills the chamber behind the lens.

Question 36

Which of the following options correctly lists the order of structures through which light must pass on its way to the retina of the human eye?

A)cornea,pupil,aqueous humor,lens
B)pupil,cornea,aqueous humor,lens
C)lens,aqueous humor,pupil,cornea
D)cornea,aqueous humor,pupil,lens

Question 37

If you are in an airplane encountering turbulence and you start feeling sick to your stomach,would closing your eyes help? Why?

A)No.It will focus your attention on the nausea.
B)No.It will intensify the feeling of falling by eliminating the sight of the cabin.
C)Yes.It will eliminate the conflict between information from your inner ears and information from your eyes.
D)Yes.It will calm you by allowing the sensory information from your chemoreceptors to properly readjust.

Question 38

Which part of this figure depicting an ear is the cochlea?

A)part A
B)part B
C)part C
D)part D

Question 39

Honeybees are able to discriminate between different flowers using

A)a single lens.
B)eye cups.
C)basilar membranes.
D)color vision.

Question 40

The receptor potential is the

A)membrane potential produced in the receptor cell by sensory transduction.
B)electrical signal produced by an action potential.
C)membrane potential produced when a neurotransmitter molecule binds to its receptor.
D)membrane potential produced at a muscle cell.

Question 41

Receptors that transduce when the plasma membrane becomes more permeable to positive ions as it changes shape are called

A)chemoreceptors.
B)thermoreceptors.
C)pain receptors.
D)mechanoreceptors.

Question 42

A molecule that is detected by our sense of smell first binds to

A)special receptor proteins located at the surface of thermoreceptor cells lining the upper nasal cavity.
B)specific receptor proteins on the cilia of receptor cells located in the epithelium of the upper nasal cavity.
C)hairs that extend beyond the mucus layer and line the upper and lower nasal cavities.
D)special mechanoreceptor cells located in the epithelium of the lower nasal cavity.

Question 43

One of the evolutionary advantages of having two eyes is that

A)two lenses provide greater magnification.
B)there are more sensory neurons for greater action potentials.
C)overlapping fields of view provide uninterrupted images.
D)the blind spot is eliminated.

Question 44

A person whose eyeball is shorter than normal suffers from

A)presbyopia.
B)hyperopia.
C)astigmatism.
D)myopia.

Question 45

Which of the following components of the human eye forms the iris?

A)pupil
B)choroid
C)sclera
D)retina