Deck 20: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a tissue?

A)circulatory system
B)heart muscle
C)red blood cell
D)heart

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?

A)connective
B)blood
C)muscle
D)nervous

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Cells receive material such as food,minerals,and oxygen from the outside world through

A)interstitial fluid.
B)neurons.
C)water.
D)matrix fibers.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following imaging techniques is best suited for visualizing fine anatomic detail in the brain?

A)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B)positron- emission tomography (PET)
C)electrocardiogram
D)X- ray imaging

Question 5

Which of the following tissues can currently be produced artificially and has been successfully used in human transplants?

A)esophageal lining
B)urinary bladder
C)skin
D)heart muscle

Question 6

Structure in the living world is organized into hierarchical levels.Which of the following lists these from least inclusive to most inclusive?

A)cell,molecule,organ,organ system,tissue,organism
B)molecule,cell,organ,organ system,tissue,organism
C)cell,molecule,tissue,organ,organ system,organism
D)molecule,cell,tissue,organ,organ system,organism

Question 7

Geckos are able to walk up walls and across ceilings because of

A)their sharp toenails that grasp surfaces.
B)the little suction cups on their toes.
C)the many hairs on their toes that form bonds with the wall and ceiling surface.
D)the sticky adhesive secretions on their feet.

Question 8

Which type of epithelial tissue shown is a stratified tissue?

A)tissue A
B)tissue B
C)tissue C
D)tissue D

Question 9

Which organ system removes nitrogen- containing waste products from blood?

A)urinary system
B)integumentary system
C)lymphatic system
D)muscular system

Question 10

Stratified squamous epithelium is well- suited for

A)lining our lungs.
B)lining body surfaces subject to abrasion.
C)exchanging materials by diffusion.
D)secreting mucus.

Question 11

The respiratory system includes all of the following structures except the

A)larynx.
B)lung.
C)trachea.
D)esophagus.

Question 12

Which of the following is closely associated with the digestive,respiratory,and urinary systems?

A)the skeletal system
B)the reproductive system
C)the muscular system
D)the circulatory system

Question 13

Epithelial tissues

A)form a framework that supports the body.
B)sense stimuli.
C)cover both external and internal body surfaces.
D)cause body movements.

Question 14

Which part of this figure shows a complete organ system?

A)part A
B)part B
C)part C
D)part D

Question 15

Imagine an invertebrate that lives in an estuary where salinity varies cyclically with the tides.If this individual is able to adjust the salt concentration of its body fluids,its salt concentration will have

A)slight fluctuations that are kept within a narrow range.
B)a cyclic variation depending upon when the animal drinks.
C)a cyclic variation similar to that of the surrounding water.
D)regular variations that range from large to small.

Question 16

Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that

A)it is not made of cells.
B)it is found only in humans.
C)it is made of cells.
D)the cells are sparsely scattered through a nonliving matrix.

Question 17

Suppose your doctor decides to X- ray your hip.Which would show up more distinctly,the muscles or the bones?

A)the muscles,because they are metabolically more active
B)the bones,because they are denser
C)the muscles,because they are softer
D)the bones,because they are rich in hydrogen

Question 18

An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissue composing it and performs functions that the tissues cannot perform alone.This is an example of the principle of

A)cellular regulation.
B)emergent properties.
C)biotechnology.
D)structural adaptations.

Question 19

X- ray imaging is routinely used to check for all of the following except

A)tooth cavities.
B)brain disorders.
C)broken bones.
D)dense tumors.

Question 20

Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if,when your blood sugar level rises,the level of sugar goes back down?

A)a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback
B)type II diabetes
C)the use of the sugar for energy by your cells
D)a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback

Question 21

An organ system consists of

A)blood,lymph,and other body fluids.
B)a group of coordinated tissues.
C)organs that collectively perform a vital body function.
D)a collection of similar cells.

Question 22

Which of the following best represents an adaptation to increase surface- to- volume ratio?

A)the striations of skeletal muscle
B)the multilobed sacs in the lungs
C)the smooth skin of an earthworm
D)the long bones of a giraffe

Question 23

Tuna,sharks,and penguins have adapted to their environment by becoming fast swimmers.They are fast swimmers due to the convergent evolution of

A)their streamlined,tapered bodies.
B)their exceptional capacity for energy storage.
C)the oily secretion on their skins.
D)their oversized fins and flippers.

Question 24

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H+)it secretes into the urine.You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by

A)a hormone produced in the kidney itself.
B)a positive feedback mechanism.
C)a negative feedback mechanism.
D)nerve impulses from the brain.

Question 25

What kind of connective tissue has an extracellular liquid matrix called plasma?

A)adipose tissue
B)nerve tissue
C)loose connective tissue
D)blood

Question 26

The structural and functional unit of nervous tissue is the

A)neuron.
B)dendrite.
C)axon.
D)nerve.

Question 27

Most homeostasis depends on

A)predictable environmental conditions.
B)positive feedback control.
C)hormonal regulation.
D)negative feedback control.

Question 28

The liquid part of the blood that consists of water,salts,and dissolved proteins is known as

A)platelets.
B)lymph.
C)plasma.
D)interstitial fluid.

Question 29

A physiologist is a biologist who studies

A)the physics of living things.
B)the structure of body parts.
C)the evolution of animals.
D)the function of body parts.

Question 30

Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?

A)adipose tissue
B)muscle tissue
C)plasma
D)epithelial tissue

Question 31

The most common type of connective tissue in the human body is

A)loose connective tissue.
B)bone.
C)fibrous connective tissue.
D)adipose tissue.

Question 32

The main function of muscle tissue is

A)support.
B)sensation.
C)contraction.
D)covering surfaces.

Question 33

Which of the following is a part of the immune system?

A)liver
B)pancreas
C)lungs
D)bone marrow

Question 34

Which of the following statements about organs is false?

A)An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissues composing it.
B)An organ consists of many cells.
C)An organ can only carry out the functions of its component tissues.
D)An organ consists of several tissues.

Question 35

Which of the following is a major category of animal tissue?

A)epithelium
B)heart
C)biceps
D)lymph

Question 36

Which of the following imaging techniques is used for visualizing areas of high or low metabolic activity?

A)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B)X- ray imaging
C)positron- emission tomography (PET)
D)computerized tomography (CT)

Question 37

Which of the following tissues would likely be found in the small intestine?

A)bone tissue
B)nervous tissue
C)cardiac muscle
D)tendons

Question 38

Some animals have evolved a body form that allows them to run very fast,while others run more slowly.Whereas a cheetah can run at speeds over 50 mph,an elephant can barely run at 15 mph.The most important physical factor behind this variance is the difference in

A)the shape of their feet.
B)the length of their legs.
C)the ratio of muscle to their total body mass.
D)the ratio of body length to body height.

Question 39

Smooth muscle is responsible for

A)the pumping action of the heart.
B)an athlete's ability to run a 100- meter dash.
C)involuntary body activities.
D)voluntary body activities.

Question 40

Which of the following items has a shape most like a squamous epithelial cell?

A)a fried egg
B)a cupcake
C)the letter "S"
D)a watermelon

Question 41

Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in an animal,such as a gorilla?

A)connective
B)epithelial
C)nerve
D)muscle

Question 42

Fingernails are a component of the system.

A)skeletal
B)integumentary
C)muscular
D)respiratory

Question 43

Unlike both smooth and skeletal muscle,cardiac muscle

A)generally cannot be contracted at will.
B)has cells that are striated.
C)has branched cells.
D)has cells that contact one another.

Question 44

Which of the following is formed from a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in a hard mineral substance?

A)cartilage
B)adipose tissue
C)bone
D)fibrous connective tissue

Question 45

When body temperature is too high,which of the following occurs?

A)The internal lining of the intestine increases in surface area.
B)The brain sends out distress signals.
C)Capillaries contract.
D)Blood vessels in the skin dilate.

Question 46

Which of the following statements about the cells of the mucous membrane lining your air tubes is false?

A)They are cuboidal or columnar in shape.
B)They manufacture secretory products.
C)They are stratified squamous epithelial cells.
D)They carry cilia that sweep mucus up and out of the respiratory system.

Question 47

Which of the following statements regarding skeletal muscle is true?

A)Skeletal muscle coordinates movement of nutrients and oxygen throughout the body.
B)Skeletal muscle is largely responsible for involuntary body motions.
C)Skeletal muscle cells do not contain nuclei.
D)Skeletal muscle is attached to bones by tendons.

Question 48

Assume you have scratched a mosquito bite and,in the process,damaged some of your stratified squamous epithelial cells.What will happen?

A)The damaged cells will heal themselves.
B)The cells near the base of the epithelium will rapidly replicate to replace the damaged cells.
C)The function of the skin will be totally lost.
D)Vitamin D synthesis will begin,thus encouraging cell replacement.

Question 49

The connection between structure and _ is a basic concept of biology.

A)adaptation
B)function
C)sex
D)species