Deck 3: Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Question 1

Brian runs a lawn-mowing business in the suburbs of Melbourne.He employs five workers each of whom operates their own independent garden maintenance unit comprising of a utility truck,and assorted lawn-mowing equipment. Martin has worked for Brian for seven years.Martin tells his wife how much he loves the autonomy of his job.In his attitude to his work,Martin is expressing the:

A)evaluative component
B)cognitive component
C)behavioural component
D)affective component

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is not a moderating variable in the relationship between attitudes and behaviours?

A)the direct experience a person has with the attitude
B)the accessibility of the attitude
C)the importance of the attitude
D)the fundamental values of the attitude

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and she has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas can be expected to relieve the discomfort she is experiencing by:

A)rationalising that the good to society is more than offset by the small amount of pollution
B)deciding this issue is unimportant
C)attempting to stop the pollution
D)all of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and she has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas is experiencing:

A)evaluative attitude
B)employee engagement
C)cognitive dissonance
D)peer pressure

Question 5

The belief that "discrimination is wrong" is a value statement.Such an opinion is the ________ component of an attitude.

A)behavioural
B)reactive
C)affective
D)cognitive

Question 6

Craig,Jenna,and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah on the other hand feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside of her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Sarah's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction
B)organisational commitment
C)job involvement
D)perceived organisational support

Question 7

The ________ component is the emotional or feeling segment of an attitude.

A)evaluative
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)affective

Question 8

In organisations,attitudes are important because they affect job behaviour.

Question 9

The theory of cognitive dissonance was proposed by:

A)G)G.Shaw
B)Leon Festinger
C)John Holland
D)Abraham Maslow

Question 10

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and she has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas comes to you for an explanation of why she is so uncomfortable.To explain,you would probably use the theory of:

A)Max Weber
B)Leon Festinger
C)Abraham Maslow
D)Robert House

Question 11

The word "attitude" describes evaluative statements about objects,people or events.

Question 12

Craig,Jenna,and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah,on the other hand,feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Craig's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction
B)organisational commitment
C)job involvement
D)perceived organisational support

Question 13

Craig,Jenna,and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah on the other hand feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside of her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Jenna's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction
B)organisational commitment
C)job involvement
D)perceived organisational support

Question 14

If a discrepancy is felt between a person's attitudes and their behaviours,one of their options is to rationalise their modified behaviour.

Question 15

Brian runs a lawn-mowing business in the suburbs of Melbourne.He employs five workers each of whom operates their own independent garden maintenance unit comprising of a utility truck,and assorted lawn-mowing equipment. Trevor has worked for Brian for two years.Brian complains to the other workers that he works much too hard for the poor amount of income he receives.In his attitude to his work,Trevor is expressing the:

A)evaluative component
B)cognitive component
C)behavioural component
D)affective component

Question 16

Discuss the three components of an attitude.

Question 17

Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behaviour and attitudes is termed:

A)rational decision-making
B)self-perception
C)self-fulfilling prophecy
D)cognitive dissonance

Question 18

There are three components of an attitude: cognition,affect,and behaviour.

Question 19

The ________ component of an attitude refers to an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.

A)affective
B)evaluative
C)cognitive
D)behavioural

Question 20

If attitudes and behaviour are inconsistent,individuals will most likely:

A)change their behaviour
B)change their attitudes
C)change either their attitudes and/or behaviour
D)do nothing

Question 21

Research shows that people perceive their organisation as supportive when:

A)employees have a voice in decisions
B)rewards are abundant
C)they see their supervisors as political leaders
D)none of the above

Question 22

Organisational commitment:

A)has three separate dimensions
B)is an attitude
C)has a positive but modest relationship to job productivity
D)is all of the above

Question 23

Jan is a security officer.Jan believes that it is important to know exactly who is in the office at any given time.She notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they are on their lunch break,which makes it impossible to keep track of who is actually in the office.Jan becomes frustrated with those employees.She makes note of them and reports them to their supervisors. In the above scenario,what is the behavioural component of Jan's attitude to the employees who did not sign out of the office?

A)Jan believes that it is important that she knows exactly who is in the office at any given time.
B)Jan notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they have their lunch break.
C)Jan becomes frustrated with those employees who do not sign out of the office.
D)Jan notes which employees leave the office without signing out,and reports them to their supervisors.

Question 24

Research has concluded that people seek consistency among their attitudes but not between their attitudes and behaviour.

Question 25

Cognitive dissonance refers to incompatibility between attitudes and behaviour or between two attitudes.

Question 26

Perceived organisational support is:

A)the amount of psychological goodwill a person can expect from their organisation when they are performing well.
B)the degree of reciprocal respect a worker gets from their organisation when they fulfil their side of the psychological contract.
C)the amount of support a manager provides to his or her organisation.
D)the degree to which an employee believes they are valued by their organisation and that it will care about their wellbeing.

Question 27

Discuss cognitive dissonance theory and ways in which individuals might alleviate dissonance.

Question 28

The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job,actively participates in it,and considers his or her performance important to self-worth is:

A)job involvement
B)job satisfaction
C)organisational commitment
D)job stability

Question 29

If an employee's attitude is negative toward her job,that person does not have:

A)job involvement
B)values
C)job satisfaction
D)organisational commitment

Question 30

If there is an inconsistency between an individual's attitude on a specific issue and his or her behaviour,the only option is to alter the behaviour.

Question 31

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the research on organisational commitment?

A)Continuance commitment was shown to be related to lower job performance.
B)Organisational commitment appears to be strongest for new employees.
C)Evidence demonstrates a negative relationship between organisational commitment and turnover.
D)There are tremendous differences in how employees from different cultures think of commitment to their employers.

Question 32

Which one of the following is not an attitude that is considered in the study of Organisational Behaviour?

A)job involvement
B)organisational commitment
C)job productivity
D)job satisfaction

Question 33

Job satisfaction is best described as:

A)a value
B)an attitude.
C)behaviour
D)none of the above

Question 34

Define and discuss the theory of cognitive dissonance.

Question 35

Important attitudes reflect fundamental values,self-interest or identification with individuals or groups that a person values.

Question 36

The theory of cognitive dissonance seeks to explain the linkage between job satisfaction and productivity.

Question 37

Job involvement is best defined as a worker's:

A)need to participate in organisational social activities
B)general attitude toward his or her job
C)identification with the job
D)loyalty to the organisation

Question 38

Research shows that employees with strong perceived organisational support perceptions are more likely to have all of the following EXCEPT:

A)higher levels of organisational citizenship behaviours
B)lower levels of tardiness
C)stronger leadership ability
D)better customer service

Question 39

One of the powerful moderators of the attitudes relationship is the importance of the attitude.

Question 40

________ refers to an individual's positive feeling about his or her job.

A)Job involvement
B)Job satisfaction
C)Organisational commitment
D)Job stability

Question 41

Most of the research in OB has been concerned with three attitudes: job satisfaction,job involvement,and organisational commitment.Explain the difference between these attitudes.

Question 42

'Employee engagement' refers to the degree to which employees believe that the organisation values their contribution and cares about their wellbeing.

Question 43

The correlation between perceived organisational support and affective commitment is very strong.

Question 44

A popular measure of job satisfaction that is sophisticated and accurate is:

A)the commitment scale
B)the job involvement scale
C)the single global rating
D)the summation of job facets

Question 45

Among most developed countries,the majority of workers are satisfied with their jobs.

Question 46

A popular measure of job satisfaction that is not very time-consuming is:

A)the commitment scale
B)the job involvement scale
C)the single global rating
D)the summation of job facets

Question 47

An employee's assessment of his or her satisfaction is:

A)a collection of attitudes and behaviours.
B)a complex collection of many discrete elements.
C)difficult and expensive to measure.
D)irrelevant to actual work outcomes.

Question 48

High levels of job involvement have been found to be related to higher absences.

Question 49

The single global rating method of measuring job satisfaction is less time-consuming than using the summation of job facets.

Question 50

A person with a high level of job satisfaction holds positive attitudes toward the job.

Question 51

Perceived organisational support (POS)is the degree to which employees believe that the organisation values their contribution and cares about their wellbeing.

Question 52

In measuring job satisfaction,the two most popular measuring approaches are a single global rating and a summation of job facets.

Question 53

Jan is a security officer.Jan believes that it is important to know exactly who is in the office at any given time.She notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they have lunch,which makes it impossible to keep track of who is actually in the office.Jan becomes frustrated with those employees.She makes note of them and reports them to their supervisors. Which of the following options describes the order in which Jan experienced the three components of attitude?

A)behavioural,cognitive,affective
B)cognitive,affective,behavioural
C)affective,behavioural,cognitive
D)cognitive,behavioural affective.

Question 54

Santha runs a small boutique advertising agency.It is important to her that her employees maintain a high level of job satisfaction at all times so that they focus on organisational issues and provide high levels of creativity. Santha wants to use a tool to measure her employee's level of job satisfaction that will assist her to identify and solve any issues quickly and accurately.Which is the most appropriate tool for her to use?

A)the dual global rating method
B)the summation of job facets method
C)the single global rating method
D)the accumulation of job facets method

Question 55

How can managers work to increase the engagement of employees who work remotely?

Question 56

Explain how the three dimensions of organisational commitment could apply in the workplace.

Question 57

Which of the following has not been linked to high job satisfaction?

A)comfort
B)supervision
C)training
D)pay

Question 58

People who find their work as more fulfilling and challenging are likely to have:

A)positive core self-evaluations
B)internal core self-evaluations
C)negative core self-evaluations
D)external core self-evaluations

Question 59

Job involvement refers to an individual's general attitude towards his or her job.

Question 60

Which of the following statements is correct with regard to motivation and job satisfaction?

A)The things that motivate us are the same as what makes us happy.
B)Money is most likely to make you happy.
C)The things that motivate us are not always the same as what makes us happy.
D)Money is most likely to make you unhappy.

Question 61

Which of the following statements is not true?

A)Satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
B)Satisfied employees are more prone to absenteeism.
C)Organisations with more satisfied employees tend to be more effective.
D)The relationship between job satisfaction and turnover is stronger than between job satisfaction and absenteeism.

Question 62

Unionisation attempts can be predicted through job dissatisfaction and antagonistic relationships with colleagues.

Question 63

Attending union meetings as a response to job dissatisfaction would be what type of response?

A)loyalty
B)neglect
C)voice
D)exit

Question 64

Not trying very hard as a response to job dissatisfaction would be what type of response?

A)exit
B)loyalty
C)voice
D)neglect

Question 65

Causes of job satisfaction were initially attributed to the Hawthorne studies.How has evolving research changed this perspective over time?

Question 66

Henry is dissatisfied with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who will do the right thing.Henry has decided that if he just waits,conditions will improve.Henry's approach to this problem is termed:

A)exit
B)loyalty
C)neglect
D)voice

Question 67

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary,and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan,and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Toni has decided that she'll just get a new job and get away from the problem.Toni is dealing with her dissatisfaction through:

A)loyalty
B)voice
C)neglect
D)exit

Question 68

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary,and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan,and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Mark believes that his manager is a good person and will work things out if Mark just gives him time to do so.Mark is dealing with his dissatisfaction through:

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)voice
D)neglect

Question 69

Maria is dissatisfied with the way that her manager treats her.She has quit her job and found a new position with another firm.She has expressed her dissatisfaction through:

A)exit
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)voice

Question 70

Higher pay is always linked to higher satisfaction.

Question 71

What are the major causes of job satisfaction?

Question 72

Steve is unhappy with his job.He takes every possible vacation and sick day and sometimes shows up for work late.He is expressing his dissatisfaction by:

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)voice
D)neglect

Question 73

Pay is definitely the most important facet that determines job satisfaction.

Question 74

Which of the following statements is not true?

A)There is a weak correlation between happiness and productivity.
B)Happy workers are generally productive workers.
C)Organisations with fewer satisfied employees tend to be less effective than organisations with more satisfied employees.
D)Organisations with more satisfied employees tend to be more effective than organisation with fewer satisfied employees.

Question 75

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary,and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan,and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Susan has composed a list of concerns along with her suggestions for improving conditions.Susan is dealing with her dissatisfaction through:

A)voice
B)exit
C)neglect
D)loyalty

Question 76

Which of the following is TRUE about the relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism?

A)There is a consistent positive relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism.
B)No relationship can be established between satisfaction and absenteeism.
C)Liberal sick leave policies reduce absence among satisfied employees.
D)There is a consistent negative relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism.

Question 77

'Job satisfaction' has been shown to be a Western concept.

Question 78

There is a negative relationship between absenteeism from work and job satisfaction.

Question 79

Quietly continuing to do your work,even though you're dissatisfied,is what type of response to dissatisfaction?

A)voice
B)loyalty
C)neglect
D)exit

Question 80

Core self-evaluations are:

A)Cognitive-based conclusions people make about themselves regarding their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
B)Bottom-line conclusions people have about their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
C)Emotional conclusions people make about their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
D)Psychological conclusions people make about themselves regarding their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.