Deck 4: Global Demographic Trends: Impact on Workforce Diversity

Question 1

Annual migration flows may be small relative to the rest of the world, but what differences tend to make migrants particularly visible?

A) Ethnic differences
B) Cultural differences
C) Social differences
D) All of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The most significant impact of HIV/AIDS on workforce demographics may not be on the numbers of workers, but on the:

A) Gender structure of the workforce
B) Age structure of the workforce
C) Education of the workforce
D) All of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Since the 1960s, migration flows from developing countries - to both developed and other developing countries alike - have

A) Increased the flows of Americans in the same direction.
B) Replaced the flows of Europeans in the opposite direction.
C) Replaced the flows of Americans in the opposite direction.
D) Increased the flows of Europeans in the same direction.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Box 4.3: Ethnic Diversity in Malaysia: In Malaysia, native Malays outnumber people of Chinese origin and thus _________ the government.

A) Ignore
B) Have little say in
C) Dominate
D) Refute

Question 5

The civil rights movement has fostered a continued striving for fairness toward all population groups in the workplace, including people ____________

A) With nontraditional sexual orientation
B) With disabilities
C) Of different age groups
D) All of the above

Question 6

In countries such as Germany, Italy, Japan, or the Russian Federation, the United Nations expects there to be fewer people ages 15-64. Even if fertility rates increase in these countries, the current deficit in young people cannot be replaced, except by

A) Extending the work age to 72
B) Gender Diversity
C) Immigration
D) All of the above

Question 7

In _________, little has changed where agriculture remains the primary industry and women have generally been active (though not usually in the paid labor force) throughout their lives, including childbearing years.

A) France
B) United States
C) China
D) Africa

Question 8

In addition to births and deaths, what is/are (an)other element of population change?

A) Baby boomers
B) Employment opportunities
C) Migration
D) All of the above

Question 9

What country may be the last frontier for "excess" labor available for low-wage competition in their home countries or to fill jobs in developing countries that have fewer working-age people?

A) Africa
B) India
C) United States
D) France

Question 10

Economic integration, as opposed to the increasing level of trans-border migration of people seeking work (relative to work population size), has transformed the

A) International division of labor
B) National division of labor
C) Global labor force
D) All of the above

Question 11

Recent research in several more-developed countries suggest that life expectancy is not only growing the numbers of people who are surviving to the end of normal work life, but pushing ___________ and disability back.

A) Women
B) Young adults
C) Old age
D) Men

Question 12

What contributed to the slowdown of migration into the United States from Mexico starting in 2005?

A) Decreased birth rates and expanding opportunities in Mexico
B) Poor economic conditions in the United States
C) Heightened border enforcement and increased deportations by the U.S. authorities contributed to this trend.
D) All of the above

Question 13

Box. 4.2: The Price of Migration for Women from the Philippines: Many Filipina women have found a large international demand for their service as caregivers to children and to the elderly. Most country policies are not as generous as _________________ to provide Filipina women employment opportunities to offer caregiver services to children and the elderly.

A) United States
B) Norway
C) Canada
D) South Africa

Question 14

Box 4.2: The Price of Migration for Women from the Philippines: With all the fees associated with the legal work opportunities in Taiwan, it is little wonder that many women head to countries such as _____________ to work illegally for wages as little as $3 per hour, with no pay overtime.

A) France
B) the United States
C) Taiwan
D) China

Question 15

Worldwide, between 2000 and 2025, the United Nations expects the working-age population, defined internationally as ages 15-64, to __________ by more than one third.

A) Decrease
B) Increase
C) Stay the same
D) Insufficient data

Question 16

Box 4.1: The Women Who Leave, the Children Who Follow. Every year, an estimated ________ children from Central America and Mexico enter the United States illegally in an effort to reunite with their mothers.

A) 10,000
B) 48,000
C) 1,000
D) 1,000,000

Question 17

Global economic development policy makes fostering women's employment opportunities ________ in developing countries.

A) Of low importance
B) Marginal
C) A Priority
D) Not relevant

Question 18

In Middle Eastern and North African countries, society invests less in girls' ____________ and constrains women's roles outside the home.

A) Employment
B) Education
C) Social development
D) All of the above

Question 19

In countries with little or no population growth, people with disabilities can _______ the labor supply.

A) Slow
B) Impact on the quality of
C) Swell
D) Neutralize

Question 20

Which statement is true: The working-age population in the least developed countries is growing rapidly and in the traditional pattern - among youth. This growth is particularly pronounced because worldwide:

A) The science to improve health has increased, making people live longer
B) More children than ever before are living to adulthood
C) Children are having children of their own
D) All of the above

Question 21

In addition to the economic benefits of turning dependents into producers, researchers having shown that women's paid employment decreases human capital investment in children and thus changes the future of the labor force.

Question 22

Why is country migration data generally imperfect?

Question 23

The developing world has unprecedented numbers of young people, many of whom would have died at young ages before the public health advances of the last half of the century. What are some of the health related trends that took place?

Question 24

The United States continues to have enough births to keep its working-age population constant; so immigration serves to grow that population.

Question 25

What are reasons that more-developed countries are undergoing an unprecedented demographic transition, one which calls into question traditional assumptions about the characteristics of the working-age population?

Question 26

In developing countries, most women and men who survive until old age must remain in the labor force.

Question 27

Migration in the United States from Mexico slowed so much starting in 2005 that is ceased to exceed return migration.

Question 28

Increasing numbers and shares of women in the workplace may be the most important component of diversity at the national level in most of the world.

Question 29

The working-age population in the least developed counties has not grown over the years, while the working-age population in the world's most developed counties are experiencing a rapid increase.

Question 30

In the past few decades, immigration and differential fertility trends have made racial and ethnic diversity in the workforce an important issue in many industrialized companies.