Deck 12: Using Basic Descriptive Analysis, performing Population Estimates, and Testing Hypotheses

Question 1

________ analysis helps determine the degree to which real and generalizable differences exist in the population.

A)Differences
B)Association
C)Predictive
D)Inference
E)Descriptive

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Statistical concepts such as mean,medium,and frequency distribution are forms of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The ________ is a descriptive analysis measure defined as that value in a string of numbers that occurs most often.

A)uncertainty
B)contrast
C)mode
D)mean
E)median

Answer 3

C

Question 4

________ are concerned with depicting the typical difference between the values in a set of values.

A)Cross-tabulations
B)Multiple regressions
C)Standard deviations
D)Measures of variability
E)Frequency distributions

Question 5

Statistical procedures and models are available to the marketing researcher to help make forecasts about future events,and these fall under the category of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 6

Statistical concepts such as range and standard deviation are forms of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 7

Statistical concepts such as correlation and cross-tabulation are forms of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 8

The ________ expresses that value whose occurrence lies in the middle of an ordered set of values.

A)uncertainty
B)contrast
C)mode
D)mean
E)median

Question 9

The term ________ applies to any statistical measure used that somehow reflects a typical or frequent response.

A)reversals of scale endpoints
B)third-person technique
C)central tendency
D)predictive analysis
E)nonsampling error

Question 10

A(n)________ is a tabulation of the number of times that each different value appears in a particular set of values.

A)measure of central tendency
B)hypotheses test
C)standard deviation
D)sample size
E)frequency distribution

Question 11

________ is defined as the process of describing a dataset by computing a small number of statistics that characterize various aspects of the data.

A)Data normalization
B)Data mining
C)Data analysis
D)Data coding
E)Data collection

Question 12

Multiple regression is a form of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 13

The ________ identifies the distance between lowest value and the highest value in an ordered set of values.

A)median
B)variance
C)standard deviation
D)sample size
E)range

Question 14

________ analysis determines the strength and direction of relationships between two or more variables.

A)Differences
B)Association
C)Predictive
D)Inference
E)Descriptive

Question 15

The ________ is the arithmetic average of a set of numbers.

A)multiple
B)matrix
C)mode
D)mean
E)median

Question 16

Statistical concepts such as standard error and null hypothesis are forms of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 17

________ analysis is used by marketing researchers to describe the sample dataset in such a way as to portray the typical respondent and to reveal the general pattern of responses.

A)Differences
B)Association
C)Predictive
D)Inference
E)Descriptive

Question 18

When marketing researchers use statistical procedures to generalize the results of the sample to the target population it represents,the process is referred to as ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 19

Statistical concepts such as t tests of differences and analysis of variance are forms of ________ analysis.

A)differences
B)association
C)predictive
D)inference
E)descriptive

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a basic type of statistical analysis?

A)differences analysis
B)association analysis
C)financial analysis
D)inferential analysis
E)descriptive analysis

Question 21

Which of the following standard error values corresponds to 95 percent level of confidence?

A)2)69
B)3)14
C)1)96
D)2)58
E)1)52

Question 22

________ is a set of procedures in which the sample size and sample statistics are used to make an estimate of the corresponding population parameter.

A)Statistical inference
B)Frequency distribution
C)Hypothesis testing
D)Predictive analysis
E)Standard deviation

Question 23

Ping Golf,Inc. ,conducts a study in which they use a probability sample of 600 golfers.They examine the data from the sample and calculate that 28 percent of them own Ping golf clubs.The 28 percent is the:

A)variance.
B)sample statistic.
C)measure of central tendency.
D)the population parameter.
E)the grand mean.

Question 24

Values that are computed from a complete census,which are considered to be precise and valid measures of the population,are referred to as:

A)parameters.
B)statistics.
C)median.
D)range.
E)standard deviation.

Question 25

The square of standard deviation is known as:

A)a median.
B)variance.
C)standard deviation.
D)sample size.
E)range.

Question 26

A demographic question like,"On a scale of 1 to 5,how does Starbucks rate on variety of its coffee drinks?" should have which of the following central tendency measure for the responses?

A)mode
B)variance
C)median
D)range
E)mean

Question 27

To address ________,the square root of the entire equation for the standard deviation is taken.

A)break-offs
B)variance
C)inflation
D)inference
E)range

Question 28

The ________ procedure is used to produce descriptive statistics for variables with nominal or ordinal scaling.

A)ANALYZE-DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS-RATIO
B)ANALYZE-DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS-FREQUENCIES
C)ANALYZE-DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS-DESCRIPTIVES
D)ANALYZE-DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS-EXPLORE
E)ANALYZE-DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS-CROSSTABS

Question 29

Which of the following refers to a measure of the variability in the sampling distribution based on what is theoretically believed to occur if we were to take a multitude of independent samples from the same population?

A)multiple variance analysis
B)variance
C)standard error
D)predictive analysis
E)sample statistic

Question 30

Values that are computed from information provided by a sample are referred to as the sample's:

A)parameters.
B)statistics.
C)median.
D)range.
E)standard deviation.

Question 31

The ________ indicates the degree of variation or diversity in the values in such a way as to be translatable into a normal or bell-shaped curve distribution.

A)median
B)variance
C)standard deviation
D)sample size
E)range

Question 32

A 99 percent confidence interval allows us to say that if we took many samples from the population:

A)the whole sample would contain a range that included the population parameter.
B)99 percent of all the samples would contain a range that included the population parameter.
C)99 percent of all the samples would allow us to estimate the mean within ±1 percent.
D)1 percent of all the samples would contain a range that included the population parameter.
E)1 percent of all the samples would allow us to estimate the mean within ±1 percent.

Question 33

If you have five friends who tell you they all have had a great experience with their purchase of a Chevrolet,and if you use this fact to decide to buy a Chevrolet,the form of logic evident here is a(n):

A)median.
B)statistic.
C)inference.
D)variance.
E)parameter.

Question 34

________ are the degree of accuracy desired by the researcher and stipulated as a level of confidence in the form of a range with a lower boundary and an upper boundary.

A)Measures of variability
B)Confidence intervals
C)Standard percentages
D)Parameter estimates
E)Statistical inferences

Question 35

________ is used to compare the sample statistic with what is believed to be the population value prior to undertaking the study.

A)Sample estimation
B)Hypothesis testing
C)Parameter estimation
D)Predictive analysis
E)Regression analysis

Question 36

________ is a form of logic in which you make a general statement about an entire class based on what you have observed about a small set of members of that class.

A)Inference
B)Variance
C)Median
D)Range
E)Standard deviation

Question 37

The two types of statistical inferences often used by marketing researchers are:

A)frequency distributions and standard deviations.
B)regression analyses and measures of variability.
C)parameter estimates and hypothesis tests.
D)descriptive analyses and predictive analyses.
E)medians and modes.

Question 38

________ is the process of using sample information to compute an interval that describes the range of a parameter such as a population mean or the population percentage.

A)Sample estimation
B)Hypothesis testing
C)Parameter estimation
D)Predictive analysis
E)Regression analysis

Question 39

When reporting scale data to clients,which of the following descriptive measures should be absolutely included in a standard metric variable table?

A)variance
B)average
C)median
D)mode
E)range

Question 40

A demographic question like,"What is your gender?" should have which of the following central tendency measure for the responses?

A)mode
B)variance
C)median
D)range
E)mean

Question 41

The ________ holds that our actual sample is one of the many theoretical samples comprising the assumed bell-shaped curve of possible sample results using the hypothesized value as the center of the bell-shaped distribution.

A)standard deviation
B)sampling distribution concept
C)standard error of the statistic
D)hypothesized parameter value
E)confidence interval

Question 42

The basic data analysis goal involved in all measures of variability is to report a single piece of information that describes the most typical response to a question.

Question 43

Statistical concepts such as standard error and null hypothesis are forms of predictive analysis.

Question 44

A demographic question such as,"About how many times did you buy fast-food for lunch last week?" should have the median as the appropriate central tendency measure for its responses.

Question 45

The standard deviation indicates the degree of variation or diversity in the values in such a way as to be translatable into a normal or bell-shaped curve distribution.

Question 46

The proper command sequence in SPSS to generate a confidence interval for a mean is:

A)ANALYZE-COMPARE MEANS-ONE-SAMPLE T TEST.
B)ANALYZE-COMPARE MEANS-MEANS.
C)ANALYZE-COMPARE MEANS-PAIRED SAMPLE T TEST.
D)ANALYZE-COMPARE MEANS-INDEPENDENT SAMPLE T TEST.
E)ANALYZE-COMPARE MEANS-ONE-WAY.

Question 47

A frequency distribution is a tabulation of the number of times that each different value appears in a particular set of values.

Question 48

Measures of variability are concerned with depicting the typical difference between the values in a set of values.

Question 49

Statistical procedures and models are available to the marketing researcher to help make forecasts about future events,and these fall under the category of association analysis.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT used to test hypotheses?

A)sample statistic (mean or percentage)
B)parameter estimate
C)standard error of the statistic (mean or percentage)
D)hypothesized parameter value
E)desired level of confidence

Question 51

The variance identifies the distance between lowest value and the highest value in an ordered set of values.

Question 52

Statistical concepts such as correlation and cross-tabulation are forms of association analysis.

Question 53

Descriptive analysis allows a researcher to draw conclusions about the population based on information in the dataset provided by the sample.

Question 54

Suppose we wish to test the hypothesis that an internship program allows its interns to earn $2,750 per semester and let us assume that this hypothesis is,in fact,true.Which of the following best illustrates the logic of hypothesis testing at the 95% confidence level?

A)From among 100 samples,95 percent of them would generate means that fell within ±1.96 z scores.
B)From among 99 samples,100 percent of them would generate means that fell within ±2.58 z scores.
C)From among 100 samples,95 percent of them would generate means that fell within ±2.58 z scores.
D)From among 100 samples,99 percent of them would generate means that fell within ±1.96 z scores.
E)From among 95 samples,100 percent of them would generate means that fell within ±1.96 z scores.

Question 55

The mode is a descriptive analysis measure defined as that value in a string of numbers that occurs most often.

Question 56

The researcher uses difference analysis to determine the degree to which real and generalizable differences exist in the population to help the manager make an enlightened decision on which advertising theme to use.

Question 57

An alternative measure of central tendency is the variance,which expresses that value whose occurrence lies in the middle of an ordered set of values.

Question 58

The ________ value can be determined using either a percentage or a mean.

A)sampling distribution concept
B)measure of central tendency
C)hypothesized population parameter
D)parameter estimation
E)descriptive analysis

Question 59

________ is a statistical procedure used to accept or reject the hypothesis based on sample evidence.

A)Frequency distribution
B)Standard deviation
C)Hypothesis testing
D)Parameter estimation
E)Predictive analysis

Question 60

Data gathering is defined as the process of describing a dataset by computing a small number of statistics that characterize various aspects of the data.

Question 61

Parameter estimation is used to compare the sample statistic with what is believed to be the population value prior to undertaking the study.

Question 62

A parameter estimation is a statistical procedure used to accept or reject the hypothesis based on sample evidence.

Question 63

Values that are computed from information provided by a sample are referred to as the sample's parameter.

Question 64

The most commonly used level of confidence in marketing research is the 95% level,corresponding to 1.96 standard errors.

Question 65

Inference is a form of logic in which you make a general statement about an entire class based on what you have observed about a small set of members of that class.

Question 66

The z value associated with a 95 percent confidence interval is either ±1.96.

Question 67

The standard error will increase if the variation (standard deviation)is increased.

Question 68

Measures of central tendency is a set of procedures in which the population size and sample statistics are used to make estimates of population parameters.

Question 69

Values that are computed from a complete census,which are considered to be precise and valid measures of the population,are referred to as parameters.

Question 70

Two types of statistical inferences are parameter estimates and hypothesis tests.

Question 71

When reporting descriptive statistics to clients,descriptive measures such as median and mode need not be included in the standard metric variable table as managers do not relate to median or modes of scale data.

Question 72

The standard error will increase if sample size is increased.

Question 73

If you were investigating the percentage of high school students who eat at the local Taco Bell,the percentage - because it is derived from the sample - is the sample statistic.

Question 74

In parameter estimation,a value such as the population mean is estimated based on a sample's mean and its size.

Question 75

Confidence intervals are the degree of accuracy desired by the researcher and stipulated as a level of confidence in the form of a range with a lower boundary and an upper boundary.

Question 76

A practical use of confidence intervals is that they may be used to forecast likely,pessimistic,and optimistic forecasts.

Question 77

To calculate the mean and to generate a confidence interval estimate of the population mean,the sequence of menu commands in the SPSS for Windows is ANALYZE;COMPARE MEANS;ONE SAMPLE T TEST.

Question 78

A hypothesis test is used to approximate the population value through the use of confidence intervals.

Question 79

To estimate a parameter,you need to know the sample statistic,which is either a mean or percentage derived from sample data.

Question 80

Greek letters are used for sample statistics and Roman letters are used for parameters.