Deck 17: The Final Passage

Question 1

When attempting to determine if someone is "brain dead," what would a physician be unlikely to ask?

A) "Has the patient maintained his/her blood pressure?"
B) "Does the body respond to a pin prick?"
C) "Has there been any movement for the past hour?"
D) "Are the pupils responsive?"

Answer 1

A

Question 2

How would most people describe euthanasia?

A) It is a bioethical issue.
B) It is a bioethical procedure.
C) It is a bioethical fact.
D) It is a bioethical process.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Dr. Axle teaches bioethics. What lecture title would be most representative of his field?

A) "The Reliability of the Electroencephalogram"
B) "Pupillary Responses in Rats"
C) "Mercy Killing: Legal or Illegal?"
D) "Axons and Dendrites: Synaptic Partners"

Answer 3

C

Question 4

After an accident, Steve's heart is not beating and he has stopped breathing. How can we describe Steve?

A) He is brain dead.
B) He is unconscious.
C) He is in a persistent vegetative state.
D) He is clinically dead.

Question 5

According to Kalish (1987) and Kastenbaum (1985), how many ways can one view death?

A) four
B) six
C) eight
D) ten

Question 6

What is the name for the study of death, dying, grief, bereavement, and social attitudes toward these issues?

A) transcendence
B) terminus
C) thanatology
D) theology

Question 7

Your Melanesian friend calls you "mate." What does this term mean?

A) that you are vibrant and full of life
B) that you are not thinking clearly
C) that you are a friend
D) that you are very sick

Question 8

Lack of blinking in response to touching the cornea is one of the criteria used to determine which of the following?

A) clinical death
B) vegetative state
C) brain death
D) sensory adaptation

Question 9

How does one identify a person who is in a persistent vegetative state?

A) He/she would be considered clinically dead.
B) He/she would be capable of keeping his/her heart beating without assistance.
C) He/she would be able to engage in primitive thought.
D) He/she would be considered brain dead.

Question 10

After Jane's accident, Dr. Coulter told her family that she is in a persistent vegetative state. What does that mean?

A) There is no response (eye movement) to passive head movements.
B) Cortical functioning has stopped but that there is still brainstem activity.
C) She will be unable to walk again.
D) She is unable to maintain body temperature.

Question 11

Susan's cortical functioning has ceased, but her brainstem is still active. How would we best describe Susan?

A) She is in a persistent vegetative state.
B) She is brain dead.
C) She is clinically dead.
D) She is euthanized.

Question 12

Dr. Wei will be teaching a course completely devoted to the topic of mercy killing. What title would best describe the content of the course?

A) "Brain Death 101"
B) "Clinical Death 101"
C) "Persistent Vegetative States 101"
D) "Euthanasia 101"

Question 13

In general, how does one define death?

A) It varies within and between cultures.
B) It is the same for everyone within a culture.
C) It is the same across all cultures.
D) It never changes.

Question 14

Which of the following is a death ritual performed by Orthodox Jews when a close relative dies?

A) They dig the grave by hand.
B) They cover all the mirrors in the house.
C) They fast for ten days.
D) They build idols for the dead and worship them.

Question 15

Dr. Steinmetz decides to follow the wishes of her patient and withhold treatment for the patient's terminal cancer, thus allowing the patient to die. What does this case exemplify?

A) a near-death experience
B) passive euthanasia
C) bioethics
D) active euthanasia

Question 16

In what culture does a person "die" several times before actually experiencing death?

A) European
B) South Pacific
C) North American
D) Asian

Question 17

What does the meaning of death signify?

A) It is defined by the individuals experiencing it.
B) It varies according to culture.
C) It is based on criteria established by the Parliament of Canada Standing Committee of Health.
D) It depends on one's perspective and on the biological and medical criteria used.

Question 18

Dr. Kelly has just purposely killed a patient by injecting her with a lethal amount of medication. This patient had an incurable illness and requested to die, rather than go through a long painful treatment. What does this case exemplify?

A) clinical death
B) passive euthanasia
C) active euthanasia
D) inducing a persistent vegetative state

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of death as an image?

A) a funeral
B) mortality rates
C) a flag at half-staff
D) a viewing or wake

Question 20

Carol's doctor has determined that she has stage 4 ovarian cancer (the final stage), and for Carol to keep taking strong medications, it would only prolong her life, not improve or cure her disease. What type of science studies such difficult issues such as the one Carol faces with regard to her course of action?

A) bioethics
B) oncology
C) moral philosophy
D) moral ethics

Question 21

Mr. Pinkerton has decided that if he should stop breathing, he does not want any health-care professionals to perform CPR upon him. What is the name for this directive?

A) No CPR directive
B) Do Not Revive
C) Do Not Resuscitate
D) Passive Euthanasia

Question 22

Death anxiety would likely be the lowest for

A) Sally, who is 80 years old
B) Jesse, who is 45 years old
C) Rikki, who is 30 years old
D) Lake, who is 21 years old

Question 23

Who is most likely to undergo a change in their sense of time, from an emphasis on how long they have lived already to how long they have left to live?

A) adolescents
B) young adults
C) middle-aged adults
D) older adults

Question 24

How is euthanasia dealt with in the Netherlands?

A) It is prohibited under all circumstances.
B) It is legal under certain circumstances.
C) It is legal under any circumstances.
D) It is dealt with the same way as it is dealt with in Canada.

Question 25

Which of the following countries currently tolerates physician-assisted suicide?

A) Norway
B) Belgium
C) Venezuela
D) Denmark

Question 26

After Maxine was in a severe car accident, her parents were informed that she was brain dead, but could be kept alive if she was put on a respirator immediately. What would her family's decision not to put her on the respirator be considered?

A) a power of attorney
B) active euthanasia
C) murder
D) passive euthanasia

Question 27

What is an example of a bioethical question concerning euthanasia?

A) "Should physicians be permitted to give out information that would help a patient die more quickly?"
B) "How do lethal injections of medications kill?"
C) "What sort of funeral service should be held for the person who is killed?"
D) "How many people commit suicide in Canada each year?"

Question 28

What is the correct order of Kübler-Ross's "5 stages of dying?"

A) depression, acceptance, denial, bargaining, anger
B) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
C) anger, depression, denial, acceptance, bargaining
D) bargaining, denial, acceptance, anger, depression

Question 29

Before she died, Lee completed a document specifying her wishes to be taken off life support should she be in a position where she could not speak for herself and her recovery was all but impossible. Because the form did not give authority to anyone else to speak for her, what type of document was it?

A) a living will
B) an EEG
C) a survey of near-death experiences
D) a durable power of attorney

Question 30

Stacey has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. She is currently going to different doctors to determine whether her diagnosis is correct. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages of dying is Stacey most likely in?

A) depression
B) anger
C) denial
D) bargaining

Question 31

Sammy comes from a country in which suicide is perceived as an honourable way to die under certain circumstances. From which country does Sammy hail?

A) India
B) Mexico
C) Russia
D) Japan

Question 32

What was Elisabeth Kübler-Ross's stage theory of dying initially developed for?

A) It was a research project investigating how the terminally ill cope with dying.
B) It was a research project probing into the suffering of inmates at Holocaust death camps.
C) It was a research project designed to determine the impact of hospice care.
D) It was a research project testing the effectiveness of an antidepressant medication.

Question 33

Devin has been told he only has a few more months to live. He is totally unable to deal with people, because he knows everyone he sees is going to outlive him. "It's not fair. Why is this happening to me?" is something he says over and over to himself. He feels frustrated and alone. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages of dying is Devin most likely in?

A) depression
B) anger
C) denial
D) bargaining

Question 34

What is often used to describe the duration of time between the onset of dying and death itself?

A) a death trajectory
B) an end-of-life scenario
C) a pathway to death
D) a final scenario

Question 35

Nathan wants to be sure that, in the event he is incapable of communicating with doctors, he wants no life support used to keep him alive, and he also wants to give his wife the legal right to speak for him in that situation. In order to do all this with one document, what should Nathan complete?

A) a living will
B) a health-care directive
C) an EEG
D) a survey of near-death experiences

Question 36

While they differ in some respects, how are a living will and a power of attorney similar?

A) They both identify someone to act on your behalf if you become incapacitated.
B) They both make it legal for a physician to perform active euthanasia.
C) They both allow others to know one's preferences concerning issues like whether you want to be put on life support.
D) They both cannot be written until a person is about to lose the ability to make his or her own decisions.

Question 37

In the Netherlands, euthanasia is only permitted under certain circumstances. Which of the following is necessary for euthanasia to be permitted?

A) The patient must make the request on numerous occasions.
B) The patient must be incompetent.
C) At least one physician and at least one family member must agree with the patient's decision.
D) Some relief is occasionally available to the patient.

Question 38

Over the last 30 years, what has happened to Canadians' attitudes toward euthanasia?

A) They have become less supportive.
B) They have become significantly more supportive.
C) They have not changed their views.
D) They have become slightly more supportive.

Question 39

According to research presented in your textbook, which theory is most useful in understanding how young adults deal with death?

A) cognitive developmental theory
B) attachment theory
C) Kübler-Ross's stage theory
D) terror management theory

Question 40

In her attempt to fight for the right to physician-assisted suicide, what did Sue Rodriguez do?

A) She challenged doctors and nurses to help others who wanted the right to die with dignity.
B) She challenged section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
C) She challenged the constitutionality of the Canadian Criminal Code.
D) She challenged Members of Parliament to attend an assisted suicide.

Question 41

Alice is terminally ill. She is being sent to an institution that provides special support for people who are dying and their families. Where is Alice most likely going?

A) to a skilled-care nursing home
B) to a hospital
C) to a hospice
D) to an intermediate-care nursing home

Question 42

Which of the following is one of Kastenbaum's (1999) six key considerations for exploring the hospice option?

A) Has the person been informed at all about the nature and prognosis of his or her condition?
B) Does the person have adequate resources to pay for the hospice?
C) Is a high-quality hospice care program available?
D) Does the person have a DNR order?

Question 43

Before he dies, Juan is checking his insurance, rewriting his will, and making arrangements for his funeral. What is Juan dealing with?

A) death anxiety
B) bereavement
C) end-of-life issues
D) grief work

Question 44

In Kübler-Ross's original theory, which emotion was thought to typically precede feelings of acceptance?

A) anger
B) euphoria
C) depression
D) resignation

Question 45

Because Tom believes in a task-based approach to dying, what is he most likely to tell his terminally ill best friend, Jake?

A) "Use the time left to seek out the greatest physical stressor you can imagine."
B) "Be sure to keep in touch and use me as a support."
C) "Deny, deny, deny!"
D) "Realize that dying follows a prescribed set of stages that you should prepare to move through."

Question 46

Who is best associated with the "task-based" approach to dying?

A) Kübler-Ross
B) Erikson
C) Corr
D) Piaget

Question 47

With regard to her theory, Kübler-Ross would agree with which one of the following possibilities?

A) All individuals do experience all of the stages of dying.
B) Some individuals go through the stages of dying in a different order.
C) Individuals progress through stages at the same rate of time.
D) Only a small number of individuals may have different emotional responses.

Question 48

Which of the following is a component of death anxiety?

A) rage
B) interruption of goals
C) spiritual uncertainty
D) loss of dignity

Question 49

Which theory says that the primary motive of humans is to ensure that life continues?

A) attachment theory
B) Kübler-Ross' stage theory
C) cognitive developmental theory
D) terror management theory

Question 50

How is the hospice philosophy best summarized?

A) "Prevent death at all costs."
B) "Promote death with dignity."
C) "Die a natural, pain-relief free death."
D) "Everyone should die at home."

Question 51

Jensen is dying. She is explaining to her family that she would like to spend her last days alone in her country home with just her husband. What do these arrangements exemplify?

A) a hospice
B) denial
C) death anxiety
D) a final scenario

Question 52

As a hospice staff member, which of the following would you be most surprised to hear your supervisor say?

A) "We must make every effort to satisfy the realistic life-goals of our clients."
B) "Inform the clients that it is OK to end their relationships before they die."
C) "Be sure to inform clients that they can have as many drugs to relieve pain as they need."
D) "Remember that fear is a natural part of the dying process, so you should try and encourage it in the clients."

Question 53

According to Corr (1991), what is one of the issues that dying people must face?

A) detaching from interpersonal relationships
B) identifying sources of spiritual energy
C) maximizing co-dependence
D) seeking out physical stress

Question 54

What, according to Kübler-Ross, is an "appropriate death?"

A) one that is fast and relatively pain-free
B) one that allows the dying person to say goodbye to family and friends
C) one that occurs when the person is ready to die
D) one that meets the needs of the dying person

Question 55

Sandy knows she is going to die in a few months. She seems calm, and concerned more about how to help her family deal with her death than with her own mortality. She seems to be disconnecting herself from people and things and at peace. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages of dying is Sandy most likely in?

A) denial
B) bargaining
C) depression
D) acceptance

Question 56

Who is an example of someone using the most common way of dealing with death anxiety?

A) Jean, who is becoming more fearful the older she gets
B) Martin, who lives life to the fullest
C) Norma, who seeks professional counselling
D) Louis, who becomes more committed to his church

Question 57

What is the most likely complaint of a hospice client?

A) "Everyone is too worried about my pain and not worried enough about my religious beliefs."
B) "Why is the hospice movement against dying at home?"
C) "Why is my family discouraged from seeing me?"
D) "How come I have to have a life expectancy of at least six months to qualify for this service?"

Question 58

You're buying a book that explains the contextual theory of dying. Which of these would be the most likely title for this book?

A) Understanding the Stages of Death
B) Coping with Death: Universal Strategies
C) Factors that Influence Coping with Death
D) A Task-Based Approach to Coping with Death

Question 59

Brent has been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Today he spent hours praying: "Please, I'll do anything. Just give me one more chance. I'm so sorry. I'll be the best person, just please ... give me another chance." Which of Kübler-Ross's stages of dying is Brent most likely in?

A) bargaining
B) acceptance
C) depression
D) denial

Question 60

What does making your choices known about how you want your life to end constitute?

A) your final scenario
B) your end-of-life issues
C) your death anxiety
D) your advanced directives

Question 61

What is bereavement?

A) the emotions expressed when we grieve
B) the rituals we go through when we grieve
C) the condition created in oneself when someone near to us dies
D) the condition created in oneself when we are dying

Question 62

Which of the following would be found on a list of "normal grief reactions?"

A) disbelief
B) clarity
C) apathy
D) euphoria

Question 63

What is one of the key factors in determining the intensity of grief experienced following the death of another?

A) profession of the survivor and his/her impact on society
B) degree of perceived importance of the relationship with the deceased
C) age difference between the survivor and the deceased
D) ethnicity of the survivor and the grief rituals pertaining to that ethnicity

Question 64

According to research discussed in your textbook, who is going to have the most difficult time with the death of their loved one?

A) Fiona, whose son died
B) Anna, whose husband died
C) Ping, whose sister died
D) Michiko, whose mother died

Question 65

What do we call the feelings that arise after someone near us dies?

A) mourning
B) grief
C) docility
D) bereavement

Question 66

Heather's father just died. One thing she has been doing is talking a lot about the time her father won a big golf tournament. According to Muller (2003), what do Heather's actions reflect?

A) the coping theme of the experience of grief
B) the narrative theme of the experience of grief
C) the affect theme of the experience of grief
D) the relationship theme of the experience of grief

Question 67

In which of the following cases is recovering from the death from a loved one usually significantly faster?

A) if it was the death of a child
B) if it was the death of a spouse
C) if the death was unexpected
D) if the death was expected

Question 68

In 2007, what percentage of Canadians who required palliative care services had access to that type of care?

A) 9 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 23 percent
D) 32 percent

Question 69

What has anticipatory grief been shown to reduce?

A) the incidence of depression following the death of a family member
B) a parent's acceptance of the death of a child
C) the acquisition of effective social functioning following the death of a loved one
D) the speed at which normal happiness is obtained

Question 70

Instead of

Question 71

After the death of a loved one, Vicky experiences sadness, guilt, denial, anger, and loneliness. What is she exhibiting?

A) grief
B) bereavement
C) mourning
D) depression

Question 72

Chung is trying to get through numerous conflicting emotions and come to grips with his bereavement. What is Chung involved in?

A) grief counselling
B) thanatology
C) grief work
D) bereavement analysis

Question 73

Which of the following phrases would best complete the analogy, "Concerning dying, grieving is to mourning as?"

A) feeling is to doing
B) passive is to active
C) status is to purpose
D) acute is to chronic

Question 74

In the country of Casfeldt, when someone's spouse dies, it is expected that the living spouse will walk around with a cat on top of their head for a week. In this culture, what would this behaviour be considered?

A) normal grieving
B) a cultural tradition
C) a mourning ritual
D) passive bereavement

Question 75

Which of the following is the best advice for an individual trying to overcome grief?

A) Strengthen ties to the deceased.
B) Repress the loss.
C) Express the emotions you feel.
D) Adopt ways of living that are identical to those used when the deceased was still alive.

Question 76

What does grief work refer to?

A) the social side of coming to terms with bereavement
B) the psychological side of coming to terms with bereavement
C) the physical side of coming to terms with bereavement
D) the financial side of coming to terms with bereavement

Question 77

What kind of grief is best defined as a set of emotions that an individual may go through between the time he or she becomes aware that a person is terminally ill and that person's death?

A) anticipatory grief
B) anniversary grief
C) normal grief
D) abnormal grief

Question 78

Which process includes working through emotional turmoil and loosening ties to the deceased?

A) the mourning process
B) death anxiety process
C) the bereavement process
D) grief work

Question 79

What has research regarding risk factors in grief identified about mortality rates and grief/bereavement?

A) There is very little research available on this topic.
B) Women have higher mortality rates following bereavement than men.
C) Older people suffer faster deaths as a result of grief and bereavement.
D) Men have higher mortality rates following bereavement than women.

Question 80

After Sonia's sister died, she established a charity in Sonia's honour. Of which of the five themes related to the experience of grief is this an example?

A) affect
B) narrative
C) coping
D) change